하수처리장 적용을 위한Semi-카플란 수차가 장착된 마이크로수력발전 시스템

채규정(Kyu Jung Chae),김동수(Dong Soo Kim),천경호(Kyung Ho Cheon),김원경(Won Kyoung Kim),김정연(Jung Yeon Kim),이철형(Chul Hyung Lee),박완순(Wan Soon Park) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.5

소수력발전은 하수처리장 에너지 자립을 위한 효과적인 대안이다. 본 연구는 유량변동이 크고 유효낙차가 낮은 중소형하수처리장(기흥레스피아) 적용을 위해 피치조절형 세미카플란(semi-kaplan) 마이크로수력발전의 적용 타당성을 평가하였다. 가변피치 semi-kaplan 수차는 유량조절을 위한 가이드베인은 생략하고 피치조절형 런너를 장착하여 기계적 결함은 줄이면서 유량변동이 큰 처리장에 특화된 기술이다. 마이크로수력발전 시스템은 설계조건(유량 0.35 m3/s, 유효낙차 4.7 m)에서 90.2%의 수차효율 달성이 가능하였고 발전용량은 13.4 kW로 산정되었다. 설비가동률 74%로 가동 시 연간 약 86.8 MWh 에너지 생산을 통해 2.1%의 에너지 자립이 가능하고 이는 연간 49톤의 CO₂ 감축효과와 맞먹는다. 경제성 평가결과 초기 건설공사비가 200,000,000원 이하인 경우에는 내부수익률은 6.1%, 순현가는 15,539,000원, 편익-비용률은 1.08, 투자회수년은 15.5년으로 경제성이 충분한 것으로 나타났다. Small scale hydropower is one of most attractive and cost-effective energy technologies for installation within sewage treatment plants. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of a semi-kaplan micro-hydropower (MHP) system for application to sewage treatment plants with high flow fluctuations and a low head. The semi-kaplan MHP is equipped with an adjustable runner blade, and is without a guide vane, so as to reduce the incidence of mechanical problems. A MHP rating 13.4 kWp with a semi-kaplan turbine has been considered for Kiheung Respia sewage treatment plant, and this installation is estimated to generate 86.8 MWh of electricity annually, which is enough to supply electricity to over 25 households, and equivalent to an annual reduction of 49 ton CO₂. The semi-kaplan turbine showed a 90.2% energy conversion efficiency at the design flow rate of 0.35 m3/s and net head of 4.7 m, and was adaptable to a wide range of flow fluctuations. Through the MHP operation, approximately 2.1% of total electricity demand of Kiheung Respia sewage treatment plant will be achievable. Based on financial analysis, an exploiting MHP is considered economically acceptable with an internal rate of return of 6.1%, net present value of 15,539,000 Korean Won, benefit- cost ratio of 1.08, and payback year of 15.5, respectively, if initial investment cost is 200,000,000 Korean Won.

Free Paper Presentation : OS-101 ; Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Patients Initiated with Peramivir and those with Osteltamivir Hospitalized to Intensive Care Unit Due to Severe Influenza Infection

( Jung Wan Yoo ),( Sang Ho Choi ),( Jin Won Huh ),( Chae Man Lim ),( Youn Suck Koh ),( Sang Bum Hong ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-

Background: Peramivir, intravenous neuraminidase inhibitor, is available to treat influenza in hospitalized patients in South Korea. Whether it provides clinical benefits to the critically ill patients with severe influenza infection admitted to intensitve care unit (ICU)compared to oral oseltamivir remains unclear. Methods: From August 2009 through March 2014, Patients = 18 confirmed with laboratory evidence of influenza infection and hospitalized to medical ICU more than 24 hours were enrolled at Asan Medical Center. Study was performed retrospectively Results: Ninety six patients were enrolled; 38 and 58 received peramivir and oseltamivir initially, respectively. SOFA score was higher in patients initiated with peramivir. More clinical complications including shock (68.4 vs 44.8%), acute kidney injury (44.7 vs 22.4%) and hospital acquired pneumonia (47.4 vs 27.6%) developed in patients receiving peramivir initially. There was no difference of median duration of use of antiviral agents between two groups (10 days in both groups). More triple combination antiviral agents were prescribed in patients initiated with oseltamivir (36.2 vs 7.9%, P=0.002) while more vasopressors (78.9 vs 44.8%, P=0.001) was used in those initiated with peramivir. There were no significant differences including median length of ICU (20.5 in peramivir vs 17 days in oseltamivir, P=0.284) and 28-day mortality (36.8% [14/38] in peramivir vs 34.5% [20/58] in oseltamivir, P=0.813). Acute heart failure (Odds ratio [OR] 3.668, 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.134-11.870, P=0.03), hospital acquired pneumonia (OR 4.197, 95% CI, 1.578-11.161, P=0.004) and use of corticosteroid (OR 3.022, 95% CI, 1.169-7.812, P=0.022) were associated with 28-day mortality. Conclusions: Peramivir may be an optional antiviral agent to treat the critically ill patients with severe influenza infection and hospitalized to ICU.

Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion in Pneumonic Septic Shock Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria

Jung-Wan Yoo,Su Yeon Park,Jin Jeon,Jin-Won Huh, M.D., Ph.D.,Chae-Man Lim,Younsuck Koh,Sang-Bum Hong 대한중환자의학회 2015 Acute and Critical Care Vol.30 No.3

Severe sepsis and septic shock are the main causes of death in critically ill patients. Early detection and appropriate treatment according to guidelines are crucial for achieving favorable outcomes. Endotoxin is considered to be a main element in the pathogenic induction of gram-negative bacterial sepsis. Polymyxin B hemoperfusion can remove endotoxin and is reported to improve clinical outcomes in patients with intra-abdominal septic shock, but its clinical efficacy for pneumonic septic shock remains unclear. Here, we report a case of a 51-year-old man with pneumonic septic shock caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, who recovered through polymyxin B hemoperfusion.

Stable and tunable maintenance of multi-copy plasmid by antibiotics-free auxotrophic Control

Chae Won KANG,Hyun Gyu LIM,Jina YANG,Myung Hyun NOH,Sang Woo SEO,Gyoo Yeol JUNG 한국생물공학회 2018 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

Supervised Exercise Program, BMI, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Subjects With Normal or Impaired Fasting Glucose

Chae, Jey Sook,Kang, Ryungwoo,Kwak, Jung Hyun,Paik, Jean Kyung,Kim, Oh Yoen,Kim, Minjoo,Park, Ji Won,Jeon, Justin Y.,Lee, Jong Ho American Diabetes Association 2012 Diabetes Care Vol.35 No.8

<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>To determine the association of regular exercise, BMI, and fasting glucose with the risk of type 2 diabetes and to predict the risk.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>Korean subjects (<I>n</I> = 7,233; 40–79 years old) who were not diagnosed with diabetes at baseline were enrolled through the National Health Insurance Corporation. All participants underwent biennial examinations, and 1,947 of 7,233 subjects also underwent a 6-month program of moderate-intensity exercise (300 min/week) without dietary advice.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>During follow-up (mean = 2 years), there were 303 incidents of type 2 diabetes in the nonexercise program group (<I>n</I> = 5,286) and 83 in the exercise program group (<I>n</I> = 1,947). After adjusting for confounders, the risk of type 2 diabetes was positively associated with BMI and inversely with regular exercise, especially among overweight/obese subjects. After further adjustment for BMI, the odds ratios for risk of diabetes associated without and with regular exercise were 1.00 and 0.77, respectively. Among subjects with normal fasting glucose, exercise reduced the diabetes risk; however, among those with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the protective effect of exercise was found only among overweight/obese subjects. The overweight/obese subjects in the exercise program group exhibited improved fasting glucose compared with the nonexercise program group and showed 1.5 kg of weight loss and a 3-cm decrease in waist circumference. Among overweight/obese subjects with unchanged fasting glucose, weight loss was greater in the exercise program group.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>Regular exercise reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese individuals. Particularly, regular exercise and weight or waist circumference control are critical factors for preventing diabetes in overweight/obese individuals with IFG.</P>

Diagnostic accuracy and safety of 16α-[¹⁸F]fluoro-17β-oestradiol PET-CT for the assessment of oestrogen receptor status in recurrent or metastatic lesions in patients with breast cancer: a prospective cohort study

Chae, Sun Young,Ahn, Sei Hyun,Kim, Sung-Bae,Han, Sangwon,Lee, Suk Hyun,Oh, Seung Jun,Lee, Sang Ju,Kim, Hee Jeong,Ko, Beom Seok,Lee, Jong Won,Son, Byung Ho,Kim, Jisun,Ahn, Jin-Hee,Jung, Kyung Hae,Kim, Elsevier 2019 LANCET ONCOLOGY Vol.20 No.4

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>A biopsy of first recurrence or metastatic disease is recommended to re-evaluate oestrogen receptor status in patients with breast cancer and to select appropriate treatment. However, retesting for oestrogen receptor status with rebiopsy is not always feasible, depending on lesion location and the risk associated with biopsy, and in these cases clinicians continue to treat patients according to the oestrogen receptor status of the primary tumour. Consequently suboptimal therapy might be offered to these patients. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy and safety of 16α-[<SUP>18</SUP>F]fluoro-17β-oestradiol (<SUP>18</SUP>F-FES) PET-CT to assess oestrogen receptor status in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We did a prospective cohort study at the Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Eligible patients had breast cancer, with first recurrence or metastatic disease at presentation, were 19 years or older, and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2. The primary objective was to show the agreement between qualitative <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT interpretation and the results of oestrogen receptor expression by immunohistochemical assay, a non-reference standard test. Whole-body <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT imaging was done after intravenous injection of 111–222 MBq of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES, with dosing primarily determined by radiation dosimetry analysis. <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES uptake above background intensity was interpreted as positive. Efficacy was assessed in all patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic breast cancer who received <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES and had PET-CT images available (intention-to-diagnose analysis), and safety was assessed in all patients who received <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01986569.</P> <P><B>Findings</B></P> <P>Between Nov 27, 2013, and Nov 10, 2016, 93 patients were enrolled. Of the 85 patients included in the efficacy analysis, 47 (55%) were oestrogen receptor-positive and 38 (45%) were oestrogen receptor-negative. Positive status percent agreement between the <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT results and oestrogen receptor status by immunohistochemical assay was 76·6% (95% CI 62·0–87·7) and the negative status percent agreement was 100·0% (90·8–100·0). Patients who were oestrogen receptor-positive and had a positive <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT result had a significantly higher progesterone receptor expression than those who were oestrogen receptor-positive and had a negative <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT result (23 [68%] of 34 patients <I>vs</I> 0 of 11 patients; p<0·0001). The most common adverse event was procedural pain in nine (10%) of 90 patients injected with <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES. No adverse events were related to the study drug except injection site pain in one (1%) patient. No serious adverse events were recorded.</P> <P><B>Interpretation</B></P> <P>The high negative percent agreement between <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT and oestrogen receptor status by immunohistochemical assay in this cohort suggests that positive <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES uptake by recurrent or metastatic oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer lesions could be an alternative to oestrogen receptor assays in this setting. Staging assessment should include <SUP>18</SUP>F-FES PET-CT when retesting oestrogen receptor status is not feasible.</P> <P><B>Funding</B></P> <P>Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea.</P>

Measurements of Developed Patterns by Direct Writing of Electron Beam on Different Materials underneath PMMA

Won-Chae Jung 한국전기전자재료학회 2002 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.3 No.3

The developed patterns by direct writing of electron beam are measured by AFM, FESEM and optical profiler of WYKO NT3300. From different measurement methods, the measured linewidths of the patterns are shown a little bit wider than designed pattern size due to electrons scattering effect during direct writing of electron beam. The optimized conditions of these experiments are suggested and explained for the forming of structures below 0.1 mm dimension size. Because of electron scattering effects from the different under layers such as Si, Si3N4 and aluminum, the developed pattern size is also influenced by the accelerated energy of electrons, dose, resist and soft and hard bake conditions in PMMA. The distributions of electron beam and calculations of backscattering coefficient are demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulation. From the measured results, the developed linewidth of PMMA/Al /silicon is shown a little bit wider than that of PMMA/Si3N4/silicon structure due to the backscattering effects.

Protective Effect of GHX02 on Particulate Matter-induced Lung Injury

Won-Kyung Yang,Yee Ran Lyu,Seung-Hyung Kim,Sung-wook Chae,Ki Mo Kim,In Chul Jung,Yang-Chun Park 한국식품영양과학회 2019 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2019 No.10

Effects of 4-tert-octylphenol on glutathione-related antioxidant status in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

( Jung-hoon Jee ),( Yoo-hwa Keum ),( Jun Sung Bae ),( Chae Won Lee ),( Chan Yeong Yang ),( Sang-hoon Choi ),( Ju-chan Kang ),( Kwan Ha Park ) 한국어병학회 2019 한국어병학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Effects on glutathione-related antioxidant parameters were examined after a chronic exposure of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus to dietary 4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP). Fish were fed diets containing 4-tert-OP at 0, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg diet for 6 weeks. Antioxidant parameters examined were reduced glutathione (GSH) contents and enzyme activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in tissue homogenates of the liver, kidney and gill. It was observed that all parameters examined increased although there were some differences in dose responses and temporal patterns in the increase. GSH contents increased after exposure to 4-tert-OP in the three organs examined. However, the GSH increase was evident only after 4 weeks in the liver whereas it was elevated after 2 weeks in the kidney and gill. GR activity exhibited a significant increase in response to 4-tert-OP at 1 mg/kg in all three organs, however, its activity returned to control levels when exposed to 5 and 10 mg/kg. Hepatic GST activity showed an earlier increase at week 2 in contrast to the kidney and gill where they increased after 4 weeks of 4-tert-OP exposure. Temporal patterns in GPx activity changes to 4-tert-OP exposure were dissimilar among the organs: hepatic activity increased from week 2 through week 6; renal activity increased transiently at week 2; gill levels were higher through weeks 4 - 6. The results suggest that elevation of several GSH-related antioxidant parameters can be considered as evaluation criteria for 4-tert- OP-induced oxidative stress in a fish.

Stable and Tunable Maintenance of Multi-copy Plasmid by Antibiotics-free Auxotrophic Control inEscherichia coli

Chae Won KANG,Hyun Gyu LIM,Jina YANG,Myung Hyun NOH,Sang Woo SEO,Gyoo Yeol JUNG 한국생물공학회 2019 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10