미주와 유럽에 있어서의 공공부문 노사관계에 관한 고찰

이상덕(Lee Sang-Duk) 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2004 성균관법학 Vol.16 No.3

It is the best part of two decades since a study of industrial relations in the public sector looked at the international scene in the early part of the 1980's. During the time which has passed since that study, attention has been focussed upon perceived significant shifts in political attitudes towards the public sector and in respect of the role of the public employer. In particular, what is generally described as the phenomenon of "privatization" has been viewed as dramatically recasting the role of the State and its subsidiary public authorities in relation to the very desirability of public involvement in productive industries, the need for (or problems inherent in) overall national economic control through such involvement or through the proportion of the overall national workforce dependent upon the public as employer, and the always vexed problem of guaranteeing so-called "essential services" through legal or other regulatory controls for designated sectors of the national economy. In terms of the Jaw. as a regulatory instrument within the public sector, it has been seen that direct control is exercised by the State through the legislative process and in the form of special decrees, regulations, or prohibitions, which are not found (or, at the lowest, are not found to anything like the same extent) in the "free collective bargaining" arena of the private sector. The dual role of the State - as public employer and as legislator - makes this a particularly significant matter, especially when one observes the full armoury of State intervention arraigned at the disposition of the employer party on the industrial relations stage. Where collective bargaining is allowed to give rise to public sector collective agreement, the fruits of that bargaining often require further formalised ratification processes, while some parts of the classical content of collective bargains in the private sector are simply not left within the sphere of Influence of the public sector parties. The possibility of constructing a frame of reference in terms of a "third sector" is offered, between "private" and "public, In order to "draw a line between citizens as employees and citizens as consumers". In our country, however, each process of privatisation has not been satisfactory. They have many problems within. And we should devote our selves to keep our own values of Asia

접목선인장 플러그재배시 적정 인공혼합배지 선발

이상덕(Lee Sang-Dok),홍승민(Hong Seung-Min),임재욱(Lim Jae-Wook),손기철(Son Ki-Cheol) 한국원예학회 1998 원예과학기술지 Vol.16 No.1

한국 서해 납작도에서의 검은머리물떼새 Haematopus ostralegus의 번식생태조사

이상덕(Lee Sang-Duk),조삼래(Cho Sam-Rae) 한국조류학회II 2000 한국조류학회지 Vol.7 No.2

일일 광량 데이터 노이즈 제거 기술

이상덕(Sang Deok Lee),정영빈(Young Bin Jung),홍인경(In Kyoung Hong),윤형권(Hyoung Kwon Yun) 한국원예학회 2022 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2022 No.11

아스클레피오스는 아테네와 에피다우로스의 국제관계를 위한 신인가?

이상덕 ( Lee Sangduk ) 한국서양고대역사문화학회 2021 서양고대사연구 Vol.62 No.-

전통적인 아스클레피오스 연구에서는 아스클레피오스를 개인을 위한 치유의 신으로 여겼다. 그러나 최근 학계에서는 국가가 공적 목적을 위해 도입한 신으로 생각한다. 그는 기원전 430년에 아테네를 강타한 전염병을 치료하기 위해 아테네에 소개된 것으로 생각된다. 더욱이 펠로폰네소스 전쟁 중 정치적인 복잡성으로 인해 아스클레피오스는 제국주의적으로 평가하든 평화주의적으로 평가하든 아테네와 에피다우로스 간의 관계를 유지하는 데 핵심 인물이 되었다. 미첼-보야스크는 아스클레피오스가 디오니소스 및 아테네 드라마와 밀접한 관련이 있다는 이론을 제기했다. 그는 그리스 비극을 분석하여 비극이 질병, 고통 및 치유의 개념을 전달한다고 주장했다. 치유는 비극의 은유를 통해 암시되었다. 에우리피데스는 특히 은유를 사용하여 현실을 표현했다. 히폴리토스는 자신의 문제를 해결하기 위해 에피다우로스로 가길 원했지만 다다를 수 없었다. 기원전 420년 에피다우로스의 아스클레피오스가 아테네에 소개된 후 아스클레피오스를 아테네와 밀접한 연관이 있는 인물로 재탄생 시키기 위한 노력이 필요했고, 필자는 이를 달성하고자 한 것이 에우리피데스의 <이온>이라고 생각한다. 이 연극은 고통과 치유의 개념을 전달할 뿐만 아니라 이온을 통해 아스클레피오스의 이미지를 만든다. 에우리피데스의 이온은 네 가지 면에서 아스클레피오스와 유사하다. 1. 그의 출생 이야기, 그의 아버지가 아폴론인 것, 2. 외국인으로 아테네에 입국해야 한다는 것, 3. 뱀과 관련이 있다는 것, 4. 아테네에 결국 입성한다는 것. 에우리피데스는 아스클레피오스를 아테네 조상 영웅인 이온의 형제로 만듦으로써 아테네와 에피다우로스 간의 관계를 공고하게 했던 것이다. Asklepios was considered to be a god of healing for private individuals. In recent scholarship, however, he is considered to be a god that the state wanted for public purposes. He is thought to have been introduced to Athens to cure the plague that hit the city in 430 BCE. Moreover, the political complexity during the Peloponnesian Wars made Asklepios a key figure in maintaining the relationship between Athens and Epidauros, be it imperialist or pacifist in nature. The Telemachos Monument or the Epidauria which took place during the Great Dionysia were taken as evidence of and provide an explanation for the appropriation of the cult of Asklepios in the city of Athens. Mitchell-Boyask raised a plausible theory that Asklepios was closely related to Dionysos and the Athenian drama. He analysed available dramas to show that they convey the notion of disease, pain, ailment and healing. The healing process was implied through metaphor in tragedies. Euripides in particular used metaphor to represent the reality. In Euripides’ play, Hippolytos headed to Epidauros to solve his problem but was hindered. Mitchell-Boyask did not include Euripides’ Ion as one of his examples, but here I argue that Ion is a perfect parallel to Asklepios. The play not only conveys the notion of pain and healing, but also illustrates the image of Asklepios through Ion - he, as a foreigner entering the Athenian community. Euripides’ Ion resembles Asklepios in four ways mainly: 1. His birth story, his father being Apollo, 2. He needs to enter Athens as a foreigner, 3. He is related to serpents, 4. He is successfully accepted by the Athenians in the end. Euripides, by creating an image of Asklepios being a brother to Ion welcomed the god that would heal the Athenian community.

동적 시스템의 각가속도 추정을 위한 데이터 기반 상태관측기 설계와 필터링 기법

이상덕(Sang-Deok Lee),정슬(Seul Jung) 대한전기학회 2019 전기학회논문지 Vol.68 No.2

In this paper, we propose a data-driven state observer design and a filtering technique for the estimation of the angular acceleration information of dynamic systems. Angular acceleration information is quite useful for the control of vehicles, mobile robots, and joint systems. When the accurate angular acceleration state is estimated, we can construct a joint independent control scheme neglecting the dynamically coupled effects between the joints or links. An angular acceleration state observer based on the data of the measurable encoder is designed. However, such a data-driven state observer may show the peaking effect when the data are not enough or when the sampling rates are not fast. A simple first-order complementary filter is proposed to deal with the peaking effect problem. The proposed method is verified by the simulation and experimental studies.

몬테카를로 기반 재귀최소자승법에 의한 시스템 인식 실험 연구

이상덕(Sang-Deok Lee),정슬(Seul Jung) 대한전기학회 2018 전기학회논문지 Vol.67 No.2

In this paper, a Monte Carlo-based Recursive Least Square(MC-RLS) method is presented to directly identify the inverse model of the dynamical system. Although a RLS method has been used for the identification based on the deterministic data in the closed loop controlled form, it would be better for RLS to identify the model with random data. In addition, the inverse model obtained by inverting the identified forward model may not work properly. Therefore, MC-RLS can be used for the inverse model identification without proceeding a numerical inversion of an identified forward model. The performance of the proposed method is verified through experimental studies on a control moment gyroscope.

자이로 효과의 피칭 모션을 고려한 한 바퀴 로봇의 모델 기반 롤링 모션 제어

이상덕(Sang-Deok Lee),정슬(Seul Jung) 대한전기학회 2016 전기학회논문지 Vol.65 No.2

In general, a yawing motion concept is used for the lateral control of one wheel robot where the gimbal system is located horizontally. In this paper, another concept of the vertically located gimbal system is presented for the same purpose. Although the vertical concept undergoes an instability more easily than the horizontal one, the pitching motion of the gyroscopic effect is considered. Firstly, the trade-off relation between two balancing concepts are investigated by comparing the gyroscopic mechanism. Secondly, the dynamic model for the problem of the proposed concept is derived using the oscillatory inverted stick model. Thirdly, the stability of the model is analyzed using the phase trajectory method. Finally, the control performance of the system by a vibration controller is simulated.

노동자 용역대여의 법적규제를 위한 제안

이상덕(Sang Duck Lee) 한국고용노사관계학회 1993 産業關係硏究 Vol.3 No.1

접목선인장 생산시 플러그묘판이 정식노동력 절감에 미치는 영향

이상덕(Lee S. D),임재욱(Lim J. W),손기철(Son K. C) 한국원예학회 1997 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.15 No.1