부분포상기태 (Partial Hydatidiform Mole)의 병리학적 연구

장희경,이태,이선경 대한병리학회 1984 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.18 No.1

20세 이상 성인 여성의 소득계층에 따른 영양상태 및 식습관 평가 - 제4기(2007~2009) 국민건강·영양조사 자료를 이용하여 -

장희경,Jang, Hee-Kyung 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary habit and nutritional status by household income in female adults, using data from the $4^{th}$ Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007~2009). Subjects were 8,356 women over the age of 20 years. The subjects were classified into 4 groups by household income level. Dietary data from 24 hr recall methods were used to analyze nutritional status. The obesity rate of the low income group was significantly higher than the rates of other income groups. Additionally, the nutritional status of the low income group was worse than those of other groups. The percentage of carbohydrate in total energy intake was higher and food security status was lower in the low income group than in other groups. Awareness and adherence to dietary guidelines were also lower in the low income group. Adherence to a dietary guideline of 'avoiding salty foods and trying to eat foods with bland taste' and 'eating a variety of foods from each food group' were lower than those of other groups. However, the frequency of skipping breakfast among the low income group was lower than that of others. Therefore, this study suggested that low income women should decrease the percentage of carbohydrate in total energy intake and adhere to dietary guidelines, especially those of avoiding salty foods and eating a variety of food groups, in order to improve their nutritional status.

15년 전의 신의 투명 세포암에 속발하여 발생한 갑상선의 투명 세포암에 대한 조직화학 및 면역병리학적 검색 : A Case report Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Studies

장희경,김혜숙,허방,허만하 고신대학교 의학부 1988 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

A case of metastatic clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid in a 60 year old Korean male, ensuing clear cell carcinoma of the kidney after 15 years, is reported, associated with a literature review, in view of its rarity and the method of surgicopathological access we adopted toward the final anatomic diagnosis. An emphasis is placed on the way of differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma from primary clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid and secondary malignancy from primary parathyroid carcinoma. Not only gross and ordinary microscopic observations including special stains, an immunoperoxidase method is performed to confirm that the thyroid lesion is not of the thyroid cell origin, which reconfirms the immunopathological method is a useful tool in surgical pathology.

미·중 경쟁 시대 독일의 지정학적 헤징 전략: 일대일로 vs. 인도-태평양

장희경 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2023 국제관계연구 Vol.28 No.2

이 글은 미·중 경쟁 시대에 중견국으로서 독일의 지정학적 전략을 헤징 개념에 기반해서 분석한다. 미·중 경쟁 시대에 양 국가 사이에 끼인 국가들의 전략은 주로 아시아에 집중되어 왔다. 그러나 유럽, 그중에 독일도 안보는 미국, 경제는 중국에 의존하는 상태에서 미·중 경쟁에 따른 불확실성과 위기를 관리해야 할 필요가 있다. 강대국의 경쟁 구조에서 불확실성과 위기를 관리하는 전략으로서 헤징 개념은 다양한 전략적 행위를 포함한다. 지금까지 독일의 정책은 ‘회색지대’라는 표현처럼 모호성으로만 분석되어 왔지만, 독일도 국가의 이익에 따라 다양한 헤징 전략을 취하는 것으로 보인다. 특히 독일이 헤징 전략을 선택할 때 판단의 근거는 ‘다자주의’, ‘규범에 기반한 국제질서’라는 원칙과 규범이라고 본다. 이를 헤징의 다양한 전략 중 연성 균형의 한 형태로서 ‘제도적 균형’으로 설명하고자 한다. 사례연구로는 지정학적 미·중 경쟁의 대표 사례인 중국의 일대일로와 미국의 인도-태평양 전략에 대한 독일의 전략을 헤징 개념으로 분석한다. This article analyzes Germany’s geopolitical strategy as a middle power in the era of US-China competition based on the concept of hedging. In the era of US-China rivalry, the strategies of countries caught between the two countries have been mainly focused on Asia. However, Europe, especially Germany, needs to manage the uncertainties and crises caused by the US-China rivalry while relying on the US for security and China for economy. The concept of hedging as a strategy for managing uncertainty and risk in the context of great power competition encompasses a range of strategic behaviors. So far, Germany’s policy has been analyzed only in terms of ambiguity, such as the expression “gray zone,” but it seems that Germany also adopts various hedging strategies according to its national interests. In particular, the principles and norms of ‘multilateralism’ and ‘norms-based international order’ seem to be the basis for Germany's judgment when choosing a hedging strategy. It will explain this as ‘institutional balance’ as a form of soft balance among the various strategies of hedging. As a case study, this article analyze Germany’s strategy for China’s Belt and Road and the United States’ Indo-Pacific strategy, which are representative cases of geopolitical U.S.-China competition, using the concept of hedging.

유아역사교육에 대한 유치원 교사의 인식 및 실태 연구

장희경 한국교원대학교 유아교육연구소 2007 한국유아교육연구 Vol.9 No.-

This study was to investigate kindergarten teachers' perceptions and actual conditions on history education and their differences by teaching career. The researcher constructed a questionnaire that consists of 24 items which belong to one of four categories. The item frequency and percentage were used to analyze kindergarten teachers' perceptions and actual conditions. χ2 tests were conducted to investigate their differences by teaching career groups. Data analyses above revealed following results: First, Most kindergarten teachers perceived history education to be a necessary subject for young children. They also perceived forming personal and national identities to be the reason of history education. Upbringing accountable citizens was mostly perceived as the goal of history education. Significant group differences on the conception, reason, goal, and appropriate age of history education were found by teaching career. Second, teaching on change or time was carried out more frequently than teaching on continuity of life or past. Significant group differences on the changes of self, neighbors, and kindergarten, the contacts of family and generation, and the people, things, and narratives of past were found by teaching career. Third, teachers gave history education frequently linking with kindergarten curriculum. The themes of history education tended to concentrate on Korea and foreign countries and special days. Young children' s interests were considered most when teachers planned history education. There were significant group differences on human resources and reference materials by teaching career. Fourth, teachers had much difficulty in applying teaching methods appropriate for development. The lack of standard and guidelines was perceived as the main problem. Most teachers have not taken in-service training regarding history education. There were significant group differences on difficulty, problems, and training experience by teaching career. 본 연구는 유아역사교육에 대한 유치원 교사의 인식 및 실태가 어떠하며, 이는 교사의 경력에 따라 차이가 있는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 유치원 교사 780명이었으며, 연구도구인 질문지는 4범주 24문항으로 구성하였다. 이를 기초로 유아역사교육의 필요성 및 목적에 대한 인식, 내용에 대한 교육실태, 교수-학습방법에 대한 활용실태, 지원 및 문제점에 대한 실태를 알아보았다. 자료의 처리는 문항별로 빈도와 백분율을 산출하였고, 교사의 경력에 따른 집단 간의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 χ²검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 기초로 유아역사교육에 관한 지원과 연구, 교사교육 방안 등을 논의하였다.

한반도 정세변화와 평화체제: 젠더적 국제정치 관점의 입론

장희경 한국인권학회 2018 인권연구 Vol.1 No.2

Recently expectations are rising high regarding the possibility of ending the armistice regime with North Korea, and the establishment of peace as a consequence of three summits between North and South Korea, and one summit between North Korea and the US. Based on a feminist IR perspective this article explores the effects of these recent changes on the Korean peninsula including the promotion of peace and human rights. Drawing on gender analysis the feminist IR perspective represents an epistemological turn that proposes a new conceptual approach to security and peace. This approach criticizes the state concept that pursues state security against an external threat based on the idea of the Hobbesian anarchy reflecting masculinity only. Alternatively, the feminist IR perspective asserts that it is necessary to overcome internal-external state dichotomy for guaranteeing security, and remove the causes of structural violence that suppress personal security within the state. In that sense, this alternative perspective extends the concept of security toward ‘human security’, which problematizes human insecurity due to structural violence. Against this backdrop, this article addresses issues occurring between North and South Korea in general, and regarding women’s security issues in particular arguing that structural violence stems from the effects of the division on the Korean peninsula. The analysis examines the meaning of recent changes in 2018 regarding peace and human rights, and based on a feminist IR perspective reflects about what has to be done to achieve a proper peace regime by providing insights on how to overcome division and induce co-existential peace. The key argument draws on the concept of identity, and highlights the problem of involved actors’ perception of ego and alter. Consequently, for instituting a peace regime it is necessary that North and South Korea do not objectify each other but must perceive each other in co-existence, and cooperate for jointly removing the source of the structural violence. In this way, the feminist IR perspective provides a meaningful approach that enables to recognize the problem of human security due to structural violence, while particularly emphasizing women’s security. 이 글은 2018년 현재 한반도에서 일어나고 있는 정세변화—3차례의 남북정상회담, 1차례의 북미정상회담—가 한반도의 평화와 인권 증진에 어떤 영향을 줄 수 있는지, 혹은 평화와 인권의 증진을 위해 어떤 접근이 필요한지를 젠더적 국제정치의 관점으로 설명하고자 하는 시론적 성격의 글이다. 2018년 3차례의 남북정상회담과 1차례의 북미 정상회담으로 정전체제의 종식과 평화체제의 수립 가능성에 대한 기대가 높아졌다. 그럼에도 평화체제의 수립을 위해서 복합적이고 장기적인 과정이 남아 있다. 지금까지의 평화체제에 대한 논의가 주로 ‘종전 선언’과 ‘평화협정’이라는 제도적 차원에 초점이 맞추어졌다면, 이 글에서 제도적 차원의 평화가 이루어지기 전까지는 평화를 획득할 수 없는 것인지, 제도적 평화가 정착되면 완전히 평화로운 것인지에 대한 질문을 던진다. 젠더적 국제정치는 갈퉁이 제시한 전쟁의 부재를 넘어 구조적 폭력의 제거가 평화라는 적극적 평화의 개념을 공유한다. 젠더적 국제정치는 구조적 폭력을 넘어 폭력을 발생시키는 남성성과 여성성의 이분법이라는 가부장적 체제의 제거, 나아가서는 차이와 정체성의 문제를 해소하는 차원으로 평화 개념을 확장한다. 한반도는 오랜 분단으로 물리적, 구조적 폭력뿐만 아니라 문화적 폭력에도 노출되었다. 따라서 실질적인 평화와 인권의 증진을 위해서는 제도적 평화를 넘어서, 이분법적 구분을 넘어서는 인식론적 전환이 필요하다. 이런 점에서 비판 이론으로서 젠더적 국제정치의 관점은 확장된 평화 개념을 제시할 것이다.

코로나 19(COVID-19)로 인한 온라인 학습환경에서 간호대학생의 공동체 의식에 미치는 영향 요인

장희경,안진영,도영주,한상미 국제문화기술진흥원 2023 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.9 No.1

This study is a descriptive correlation study to identify the relationship among online collaborating learning attitudes, empathy, critical thinking disposition, and sense of community in nursing students in the online learning environment during COVID-19. Data were collected from 129 nursing students. The SPSS/28.0 program was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. Factors that significantly affect sense of community in nursing students were online collaborating learning attitudes and critical thinking disposition, and the explanatory power was about 42.2%. Based on these results, in order to increase sense of community of nursing students in non-face-to-face learning environment, it is required to strengthen the problem-solving-centered learning method cultivating the online collaborating learning attitude and critical thinking disposition.

Workforce Agility during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Validation of the Workforce Agility Scale in Care Workers for Frail Elderly

장희경,안지영,도영주,김유미 국제문화기술진흥원 2023 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.11 No.4

This research aimed to validate the Korean version of the Workforce Agility Scale (K-WAS) among care workers for community-dwelling frail elderly. The study involved 192 care workers from Gyengsangnam-do, who completed a structured questionnaire between May 31 and July 15, 2023. The K-WAS, a 13-item instrument measured on a 5-point Likert scale, captures three key aspects of workforce agility: proactivity, adaptability, and resilience. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to ascertain the scale's construct validity. The K-WAS demonstrated a significant positive correlation with psychological empowerment (r=.560, p<.001), thereby establishing its criterion validity. Although the results suggest that the K-WAS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing workforce agility among care workers, further refinement is recommended. The K-WAS is anticipated to aid in the implementation and evaluation of interventions focused on enhancing workforce agility among care workers for frail elderly. By providing a valid and reliable measure of workforce agility, the K-WAS can facilitate the evaluation of these interventions' effectiveness in improving outcomes for the frail elderly and_ enhancing the overall quality of care delivery.

진행성 위암 환자의 위조직에서의 p16 유전자의 메틸화와 돌연변이

장희경,김영옥,공은희,신연명,최경현 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background/Aims: p16 has been suggested to be a tumor suppressor gene and to be inactivated in many human cancers. The aberrant expression of this gene proteins may deregulate cell proliferation and may lead to tumor formation and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns of p16 inactivation and its association with clinicopathological paramaters in 16cases of advanced gastric cancers having fresh and paraffin-embedded tissues. Material and Methods: p16 inactivation by immunohistochemistry, mutation by direct sequencing and methylation analysis by methylation-specific PCR in exon 1 and 2 in 16 cases of advanced gastric cancers. Results: Eight of 16 (50.0%) carcinoma tissue and 3 cases (18.8%) of non-neoplastic tissue showed loss(inactivation) of p16 expression by immunohistochemistry. Eight cases of p16 inactivated carcinomas were composed of 3 mutations (18.8%) and 5(31.3%) methylations, and 3 case of non-tumor gastric mucosa showed. I mutation(6.3%) and 2 methylations(12.5%). Interestingly, one of 3 mutations showed also same mutation in adjacent nonneoplastic tissue, while 2 methylations were identified in non-neoplastic mucosal tissues without methylation in corresponding cancer tissues. The parameters histologic types and differentiation of tumors, sex, age, invasion showed positive correlation. Conclusions: These results suggest that p16 inactivation may have effects on the carcinogenesis of gastric mucosa and may serve as a prognostic biomarkers for the progression of carcinoma.

학교폭력 대책 방안과 그에 대한 문제점

장희경,천혜정 대한치과위생학회 2015 대한치과위생학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Between March 1 and 15, 2015, this questionnaire investigation was conducted into 144 students who attended elementary school, middle school, academic high school, and specialization high school in Incheon Metropolitan City. It was carried out through investigators who visited their alma meters and neighboring high schools and explained the students about the aim of this research and how to respond to the questionnaire. Then, in cooperation and connection with each students' association, the questionnaire responses and anti-school violence campaigns were analyzed and the following results were acquired. 1. To the question ‘Have you ever experienced any school violence?,’ 48 students (33.3%) answered ‘I have’ and 96 students (66.7%) ‘I have not.’ 2. To the question asked to the said responding 48 students, ‘In which way have you asked help as you experienced a school violence?,’ 12 students (8.3%) answered ‘I have recourse to counseling with my school teacher,’ 12 students (8.3%) answered ‘I have recourse to counseling with my school parent’ 6 students (4.2%) ‘I have recourse to counseling with my peers,’ and 18 students (12.5%) ‘I have not asked for any counsel or help.’ 3. To the question asked to the responding 30 students who had asked for counsel or help, 'How much helpful was the counsel or help given from others?,' 6 students (4.2%) answered 'Very helpful and 24 students (16.7%) answered 'Helpful.' 4. Concerning the registration of school violence-related punishments in school records, to the question ‘What do you think about the attitude of students who respond to an annual and national investigation into school violences?,’ 120 students (83.3%) answered ‘Students give a candid answer as they have witnessed or experienced.’ 5. Concerning the effectiveness of the first-ever systematic anti-school violence education, to the question ‘How much effective is it to systematically educate students on the fact that even a slight harassment is a violence?,’ 54 students (37.5%) answered ‘The education is interesting from the perspective of students,’ and 72 students (50.0%) answered ‘It is no more than a formal education but still of help,’ and 18 students (12.5%) answered ‘It is of no help.’ 6. Concerning the practice or non-practice of an education given around the meal table, to the question ‘Is a relevant education practiced around the meal table each Wednesday when all members of the family gather and celebrate a family love day?,’ 96 students (66.7%) answered ‘It is practiced.’ 7. Concerning the effectiveness of comprehensive measures against school violences, to the question ‘How effective are comprehensive measures, you think, to exterminate or prevent school violences?,’ 12 students (8.3%) answered ‘They are of some help’ and 66 students (45.8%) answered ‘They are of no help.’ The above-mentioned results imply that educational plans to prevent school violences should be set up more actively. In principle, each school need determine in detail who and when the education should be given, and concrete educational programs should be set up and shared by regional units. Since it may be hard for a school to decide on what should be taught, it is necessary for a regional educational committee to specify basic plans for what should be taught and/or educated. It means that regional units need prepare detailed regulations and/or operational guidelines about the appointment of alternative schools and/or exclusive education and research institutions.