장애인을 위한 주거환경개선 기초조사

장종식,김태환,김지현 대한지역사회작업치료학회 2015 대한지역사회작업치료학회지 Vol.5 No.1

목적 : 본 연구는 주거환경 인식도 및 중요도에 관하여 알아보고 주거환경개선의 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2015년 4월부터 2015년 5월까지 일반인 165명을 직접 만나 설문조사 하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 기술통계, 빈도분석, t검정, 분산분석, 사후검정을 사용하였다. 결과 : 주거환경개선의 인식도를 살펴보면 44.8%가 집안 구조변경, 26.7%가 치료방법이라고 응답하였으며 건축사가 할 것 같다는 응답이 28.5%인 것에 반하여 작업치료사가 할 것 같다는 응답은 9.1%로 보여 졌 다. 주거환경개선의 중요성에 관하여 대부분 중요하다고 생각하지만 성별, 연령별 차이는 없었다(p>.05). 주거환경개선이 삶의 질을 높여줄 것 같다는 응답은 45.9%인 것에 반해 독립성이 증가될 것 같다는 응 답은 7.6%로 보여 졌고, 주거환경개선은 돈이 많이 들어가기(81.1%) 때문에 중요하지 않다고 응답하였다. 결론 : 주거환경개선의 인식은 부족하였으나 중요도가 높은 것으로 보아 추후 주거환경개선의 필요성은 공 감하고 있었다. 장애인을 위한 주거환경개선에서 경제적 지원 및 작업치료사의 진출 및 제도적 지원이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness and interest rate of residential environment and to establish basic data for further development of occupational therapy through the results. Methods : This survey was conducted between April 1th and May 31st 2015 and 165 questionnaires were public. The questionnaires of 165 respondents were analyzed through Cosstabs, Descriptive statistics, Frequency study and t-test, ANOVA analysis using SPSS ver. 18.0 Results : Looking for recognition percentage of residential environment improvement, 44.8% of people reply the changing the house structure and 26.8% of people reply the cure method. in contrast to 28.5% of people reply the architect, the only 9.1% of people reply occupation therapist. the most people agree that residential environment improvement is important. but there is no difference about answer between sex and age. 5.9% of people reply that improving live environments may be good for improving life quality but 7.6% of people reply independency may increase, it is not important because it must need lot of money for improving live environments Conclusion : The awareness of the residential environment improvement in short supply, but Things that are significant in the distance, the need for further residential environment improvement was broad consensus. residential environment improvement for people with disabilities in economic assistance and occupational therapists and incursion of correlated to require institutional support.

재활병원에 입원중인 뇌졸중 환자의 고통체험: Parse의 인간 되어감 연구방법 적용

장종식,최성열 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2016 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.6 No.7

Objective : Applied human becoming research method, intend to understand stroke patients’ lives and pain by drawing the conflicts they get to experience. Methods : I conversed with 10 patients being hospitalized after having a stroke once or twice for two months from September till October, 2013. I collected data until I didn’t get any new or repeated episodes about the pain they experienced from the stroke patients as the participants. The data collection and analysis were done according to the procedure of Parse’s human becoming theory. Results : The pain that the stroke patients did experience included pain resulted from their physical disability and social isolation, overcoming of difficulties through the rehabilitation process, and also the process to find their lives full of vigor having hopes for their positive changes. Though this pain may make the stroke patients helpless, it is a process that they re-create their lives by overcoming hardships through self-transcendence. Conclusion : To stroke patients, it seems that intervention with Occupational therapy will be very important in the process that they find energy and helpless for their lives and also a new life. 목적 : Parse의 인간되어감 연구방법을 적용하여 뇌졸중 환자들이 겪는 갈등 체험을 도출해내어 뇌졸중 환자들의 생활과 고통을 이해하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 뇌졸중 발병 후 병원에서 입원중인 10명과 2013년 9월부터 10월까지 두달 간 1~2회 대화를 실시하였다. 참여자들이 뇌졸중 환자로 경험하는 고통에 관해 반복되는 이야기나 더 이상 새로운 내용이 나오지 않는 포화상태까지 자료를 수집하였다. 자료수집 및 분석은 Parse의 인간되어감 이론의 절차에 따라 이루어졌다. 결과 : 뇌졸중 환자들이 겪었던 고통은 신체장애와 사회적 고립으로 인한 고통, 재활과정을 통해 어려움을 극복, 긍정적 변화에 희망을 갖고 활력 있는 삶을 찾아가는 과정으로 나타났다. 이 고통들은 뇌졸중 환자들에게 무력감이 있으나 자기초월적 극복을 하면서 삶을 재창조 하는 과정으로 확인되었다. 결론 : 뇌졸중 환자에게 작업치료 중재는 삶의 에너지를 찾으며 새로운 삶에 희망을 갖고 활력을 찾아가는 과정에 매우 중요할 것으로 보여 진다.

Green tea ameliorates recognition memory defects in acute radiation syndrome caused by gamma irradiation

장종식,문창종,김종춘,정우희,조성기,김성호 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.2

An evidence suggests that even low-dose irradia- tion can lead to progressive cognitive decline as well as memory deficits in both humans and experimental animals in part due to hippocampal dysfunction. To determine whether or not green tea (GT) and epigallo- catechin gallate (EGCG) could attenuate memory im- pairment as well as suppress hippocampal neurogen- esis, passive avoidance and object recognition memory test as well as TUNEL assay and immunohistochemi- cal detection with markers of neurogenesis (Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX)) were performed using adult mice treated with relatively low-dose gamma irradiation (2.0 Gy). GT was administered intraperitonially at a dos- age of 50 mg/kg of body weight at 36 and 12 hr pre- irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation, or oral- ly at a dosage of 250 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days before autopsy. EGCG (25 mg/kg of body weight) was administered intraperitonially at 36 and 12 hr pre-irradiation and at 30 minutes post-irradiation. In the passive avoidance and object recognition memory test, mice trained for 1 day after acute irradiation (2 Gy) showed significant memory deficits compared with sham controls. The number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus increased by 12 h after irradiation. In addition, the numbers of Ki- 67- and DCX-positive cells significantly decreased. GT treatment prior to irradiation attenuated memory defects, blocked apoptotic death, as well as reduced the number of DCX-positive cells. Therefore, GT may attenuate memory defects in adult mice exposed to a relatively low dose of radiation possibly by inhibiting the detrimental effects of irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis.

ALTERATION OF RADIATION-INDUCED HEMATOTOXICITY BY BU-ZHONG-YI-QI-TANG IN MOUSE

장종식,김성호 대한방사선방어학회 2008 방사선방어학회지 Vol.33 No.3

The purpose of this study reported here was to investigate the ability of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT), known to elevate hematopoietic functions, to protect mice undergoing treatment with whole body single gamma-irradiation. BZYQT was given (25 mg/kg B.W.) intraperitoneally at 36 and 12 hours before irradiation and 30 minute and 24 hours after irradiation. Recovery of neutrophil and lymphocyte counts was significantly stimulated by extract of BZYQT. Stimulated recovery by the extract from the BZYQT was also observed in thrombocyte. However, the anti-radiation effect of erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit was not as significant as that of leukocyte. Further studies are needed to better characterize the protective nature of BZYQT extract and its ingredients.

척수손상환자의 작업균형 조사연구

장종식 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.2

This study aims to collect time use information of people with spinal cord injury(SCI) and develop an intervention guideline at community-level. 23 subjects were collected to obtain time use information of people with SCI using ‘2014 daily activity time form’ from September 2016 to June 2017 at five provinces in Korea. The subjects were asked to record their time use information for 2 days on the form. This study compares the time use information of people with SCI and ordinary people. The findings are that people with SCI spend more time (15 hours 51minutes) at home and majority of people with SCI use private vehicle or handy call taxi with rarely using public transportation. Regarding self-care activity, one more hour in needed for people with SCI however less time is consumed for leisure and media activities. As a result of this study, it is suggested that the public transportation is required more accessibility and leisure time and media activity for people with SCI. 본 연구는 척수손상 환자들의 사용시간을 파악하여 작업균형에 필요한 기초자료를 마련하고 지역사회 현장에서 필요한 중재가이드라인을 마련하고자 한다. 척수손상환자를 대상으로 ‘2014 생활시간 조사표’를 활용하여 2016년 9월부터 2017년 06월까지 총 5개의 시·도에서 23명의 척수손상의 환자를 대상으로 2일간의 시간사용 자료수집 후 46일의 자료를 바탕으로 일반인과 비교하였다. 척수손상환자의 경우 오랜 시간 집에서 시간을 보내는 것으로(15시간 51분) 나타났으며, 대부분 개인교통이나 기타교통(장애인 콜택시)을 사용하고 있으며 대중교통은 이용하는 경우가 극히 드물었다. 척수손상환자들은 개인유지에 1시간가량 더 쓰고 있으며 여가 및 미디어 활동에 사용하는 시간은 적은 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과로 살펴볼 때 척수손상 장애인에게 대중교통의 확충으로 접근성을 증진시켜주어야 할 것으로 보여 지며, 척수손상 환자의 작업균형 접근 시 여가생활과 미디어 매체와 관련하여 시간사용을 늘려줄 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

시간차회상과 오류배제학습 병행 훈련에 따른 치매환자의 인지기능과 우울의 변화

장종식,이재신,김수경,전병진 대한작업치료학회 2012 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.20 No.4

목적 : 본 연구에서는 혈관성 치매환자와 알츠하이머 치매환자에게 시간차 회상훈련과 오류배제학습에 대한 훈련을 적용했을 때 인지기능과 우울에 어떠한 변화를 나타내는지 비교해 보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 대전·충남에 2개의 요양병원에서 재활치료를 받고 있는 알츠하이머 치매, 발병 후 6개월이 경과한혈관성 치매환자 31명을 대상으로 1주일에 5회기씩 총 4주간 실시하였다. 치료 중재 전·후 인지기능을 비교하기위해 신경심리평가(The Korean Version of Consortium to Establish a Registry of Alzheimer's Disease; CERAD-K)를 시행하였고, 우울에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 한국판 노인우울척도 검사(Geriatric Depression Scale-K; GDS-K)를 실시하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 두 집단 모두 중재 후 구성회상과 길 만들기 항목을 제외한 모든 항목에서 인지기능이 유의하게 증가되었고, 특히 경도치매, 혈관성 치매환자에게서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 우울은 중재 후 경도치매와 혈관성 치매에게서 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.05). 결론 : 혈관성치매환자와 경도치매환자에게 인지기능의 증진이 우울에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 치매환자에게 인지치료에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

도살견의 체조직내 카드뮴 함량에 관한 조사 연구

장종식,이현범,이근우,Jang Jong-Sik,Lee Huyn-Beom,Lee Keun-Woo 대한수의사회 1993 대한수의사회지 Vol.29 No.3

In order to clarify the cadmium contents of normal dogs, tissue samples including liver, kidney, muscle, skin and hair were collected from 50 dogs which were slaughtered in Dae Gu area. All samples were dry ashed and analyzed for cadmium content by atomic

실험적 납 중독견의 임상병리학적 및 조직병리학적 소견

장종식,이현범 한국임상수의학회 1997 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The study of present study was to determine the valuable laboratory tests for the differential diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs. Sixteen mongrel dogs were divided into 2 experimental groups (A and B) and a control group (C). The A and B groups were administered orally 2 mg and 20 mg of lead per kilogram of body weight for 49 days, respectively. In addition to clinical observation, blood, urine and hair samples were collected on appointed day and examined for hematological changes, lead content of serum, whole blood and hair, and urinary $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid concentrations. All dogs were necropside on 49th day and examined for the lead content and histological changes of organs. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The group B showed digestive and nervous signs, and weight loss. The group A showed no significant hematological changes except polychromatophilla on the 7th day. But group B showed polychromatophilia as well as mild anemia and nucleated erythrocyte on the 7th and 35th day. Basophlic stippling erythrocytes were observed in some of the group B on the 14th day. The lead content of whole blood was increased significantly in both A and B groups on the 21the day. The urinary $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid content was increased in both A and B groups on the 7th day. The hair lead content of A and B groups was increased significantly on the 49th and 21th day, respectively. The lead contents of organs including liver, kidney, spleen, muscle and bone were increased significantly in group B. Histopathologic changes were characterized by hemorrhages, necrosis and intranuclear inclusion body in the epithelial cells of convoluted tubles of kidney, cloudy swelling and degeneration and/or necrosis of liver, enlargement of Virchow-Robin space, and swelling of endothelial cells and hyperplasia of the pericytes of brain. From these results it may be concluded that examination of nucleated erythrocyte/polychromatophilia, urinary $\delta$ -aminolevulinic acid, and whole blood and hair lead contents is a reliable clinico-pathological diagnostic methods, and that examination of the Virchow-Robin space, endothelial cells and pericytes of brain as well as intranuclear inclusion body in the epithelial cells of convoluted tubles of kidney is valualble postmortem diagnostic methods for lead poisoning in dogs.

근위축성측삭경화증 클라이언트의 생애사적 연구 : 발병 전과 후를 중심으로

장종식,송병남,전병진,임재호 대한작업치료학회 2014 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.22 No.4

목적 : 생애사적 연구방법을 사용하여 근위축성측삭경화증 클라이언트의 삶을 이해하고 발병 후 겪게 되는 신체적, 심리적 경험들을 심도 있게 이해하고자 하였다. 이를 바탕으로 클라이언트에게 효과적인 작업치 료 중재방법을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 근위축성측삭경화증이 진행되는 과정에서 변화하는 신체적 기능과 심리적 변화를 구술할 수 있 는 참여자 2명을 대상으로 하였다. 더 이상 새로운 것이 나오지 않을 때까지 심층면접을 30분씩 7~10 회 실시하였다. 결과 : 두 명의 참여자들은 체중의 변화, 사지의 변화, 호흡근의 변화와 연하장애 등 신체적인 경험은 같았 다. 심리적인 경험은 차이가 있었는데 진단을 받은 후 가족의 지지가 없던 참여자 김은 희망보다는 죽음 을 무덤덤하게 받아들였으나, 가족의 지지를 받고 있던 참여자 최는 죽음보다는 희망을 가지고 살아갔지 만 시간이 지남에 따라 죽음에 대해 준비하는 모습을 보였다. 결론 : 근위축성측삭경화증을 가지고 있는 클라이언트에게 작업치료사의 역할은 초기에는 신체적・심리・사 회적 기능 등의 변화에 대한 공감과 이해를 할 수 있는 재활전문가로서 수행을 하고, 말기로 진행되면서 호스피스 전문가로서의 역할을 수행해야 한다. Objective : By making use of a life history research method, this research described understanding what life is for clients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We were able to have an in-depth understanding of the physical and psychological experiences after the disease occurred. Based on these data, we should utilize effective work treatment arbitration with other clients. Methods : To explain the physical functions and psychological changes from the management of ALS, in-depth interviews were conducted with two clients for thirty minutes, 7 to 10 times each. We carried out the experiment until no more additional findings occurred. Results : Thus far, the two participants who took part in the research have had some physical experiences in common; such as a change in weight, limbs, and respiratory muscles, as well as dysphagia. However, they went through a different psychological experience; more precisely, One participant, Mr. Kim, who did not have his family members' support, accepted his death calmly rather holding onto hope. On the other hand, the other participant, Mr. Choi, who had his family members’ support at first lived with hope for life rather than with fear of death, but he also seemed to prepare for his death as time passed. Conclusion : From the above results, we can conclude that there are two different roles of an occupational therapist for their clients suffering from ALS. In full, at the early stage of the disease, the therapist should act as a rehabilitation expert who can comprehend and sympathize with the patient about the changes to their body, For the psychological and social functions, and during the terminal stage of the disease, the therapist should act as a hospice expert.

A Case of Cutaneous Fibroma in a Korean Indigenous Cattle

장종식,김재훈,신태균,조길재,권오덕 한국임상수의학회 2008 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.25 No.3

A case of cutaneous fibroma was diagnosed in the skin of the right hindlimb of a Korean indigenous cattle in Kyungpook province, Korea. Grossly, the protruding skin nodules consisted of a solitary mass (1.5×1.5~3.0×3.0 cm) above large grapelike warty nodules (11.0×11.0 cm) on the leg. These masses were firm and rubbery, and the cut surface was gray to white. Histopathologically, the benign neoplastic nodules consisted of spindle-type fibroblasts with collagen. Melanoma, sarcoma, and fibropapilloma were excluded because there was no sign of melanin, muscle type cells, or epidermal proliferation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cutaneous fibroma in a Korean indigenous cattle in Korea.