헨리 본의 종교시에 나타나는 자성 (磁性) 의 이미지

장인수 한국문학과종교학회 1999 문학과종교 Vol.4 No.1

Henry Vaughan's mature poems employ the concept of magnetism. There are three kinds of magnetic attractions in his religious poems. The first signifies the commerce kept between God and his creatures and the mutual attraction between the visible temporal universe and its eternal counterpart in the mind of God. It achieves that by making special imagery the action of the soul. The second is the influence of macrocosm on microcosm that originated with the Renaissance hermetist. The third is an influence operating through the senses and flowing along certain well-defined lines by means of which individual souls can pin themselves to the harmony of the world-soul and through its medium communicate. though separated by wide distances. Of Vaughan's several references to magnetism in Silex Scintrllans, one of them is demonstrably metaphoric compared to the others, because they occur in contexts containing other hermetic references and suggest an approach to the idea of the hermetic universal magnetism. However Vaughan's uses of magnetic imagery are specialized, occuring as a substitute for his more usual light imagery when he wishes to write of the commerce between inferiors and superiors continuing during the hours of darkness. Henry Vaughan's magnetic philosophy, compared with that of his hermetist brother Thomas, reinforces the impression that he was the more orthodox thinker of the two.

중증급성호흡기증후군(SARS) 치료에 사용된 한약 처방에 대한 고찰 - WHO 보고서(2004)에 사용된 처방을 중심으로

장인수,백유상,배선재,선승호,이재성,한창호,Jang, In-Soo,Baik, You-Sang,Bae, Sun-Jae,Sun, Seung-Ho,Lee, Jae-Sung,Han, Chang-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.3

Background : Early in November 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) began to spread throughout thirty-two countries around the world. A total of 5,327 cases were reported in China, including 1,755 cases in Hong Kong and 655 in Taiwan. The total number of cases reported from Canada and Singapore was more than 200. The total number of SARS cases world-wide reached 8,437 with incidences. Mortality from SARS is estimated at around 11%. Under the guidance of the World Health Organization (WHO), clinical studies on the use of integrated herbal medicine and western medicine for treating SARS were carried out in China and Hong Kong. The official report suggested that integrated treatment was more effective than western medicine alone in clinical symptoms, lung inflammation, blood oxygen saturation, immunological functions and others. Objective : To overview the treatment principle and the prescriptions according to the regimens and the stages for SARS of the reports, and further to broaden our knowledge of treatment of acute infectious diseases using natural herbal medicine. Methods : We reviewed nine of WHO SARS reports that comprehensively described the principles and methods of treatment and summarized them into eight treatment methods. We analyzed the herbal formulae on the basis of their treatment principles, evaluated them in accordance with warm disease study, listed frequently used herbs, and assessed patent prescriptions and herbal injections that were mentioned in the reports. Results and Conclusion : The reports divided the course of SARS into 3 to 6 stages such as high fever stage, fastigium stage, and convalescent stage. Frequently used herbs were Radix Scutellariae, Radix Paeoniae, Radix Astragali, Semen Armeniacae, Radix Pseudostellariae, Radix Ophiopogonis, and Fructus Schizandrae. Herbal decoctions were the primary method of treatment, while extracts or injections were secondary. Prescriptions were mainly based on the warm disease study. SARS is a viral disease caused by corona virus, and herbal medicine is proven to be effective against it. We believe that evidences and experiences from SARS cases can be a good reference to further researches on acute infectious diseases.

중증급성호흡기증후군(SARS)의 한약 치료에 관련된 WHO 임상논문 보고에 대한 개관

장인수,형례창,한창호,Jang, In-Soo,Hsing, Li-Chang,Han, Chang-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Objective: In the winter of 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) began to spread throughout the world. More than 5,000 cases were reported in China, including over 1,700 cases in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(Hong Kong SAR). The total number of cases reported from Canada and Singapore was more than 200. The total number of SARS cases world-wide reached 8,437 with incidences in 29 counties. Mortality from SARS is estimated at $10{\sim}12%$. When the SARS outbreak occurred in China, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China immediately initiated clinical research projects on the use of integrated herbal medicine and Western medicine for treating SARS. and, in Hong Kong SAR, research on the use of herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of SARS. Reports were released during convalescence. The objective of this study is to overview twelve clinical SARS reports of WHO on the treatment of SARS with herbal medicine and evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment of SARS with herbal medicine, and further to share experiences and knowledge of the treatment of SARS. Methods: Twelve clinical reports about SARS from the WHO were selected, overviewed and evaluated for efficacy and safety of treatments of SARS. Results and Conclusion: Twelve clinical reports about SARS showed that the integrated treatment may have advantages, and the advantages are reflected in the following findings: Firstly, herbal medicine is not targeted only at a specific etiology or a certain pathological link, but also at the pathological status of the patients at that particular time. Therefore, comprehensive readjustment was made through various angles, targets and channels to restore the balance of the body. Secondly, there are advantages in the differentiation of the disease and the treatment. Based on the various symptoms, herbal medicine enables the physician to adopt the most suitable principle, provide individual treatment, and to administer medicine in accordance with the actual process and nature of the illness. Thirdly, there are advantages in the results of the treatment; herbal medicine can relieve symptoms, promote absorption of lung inflammation, improve the degree of blood oxygen saturation, regulate immunological functions, reduce the required dosage of glucocorticoid and other Western medicines, and reduce case fatality rate, in addition to lowering the cost of treatment.

²⁵²Cf 중성자장에서 열형광선량계(TLD)를 이용한 중성자 방사선량 측정

장인수,김상인,이정일,김장렬,김봉환,Chang, Insu,Kim, Sang In,Lee, Jung Il,Kim, Jang Lyurl,Kim, Bong Hwan 대한방사선방어학회 2013 방사선방어학회지 Vol.38 No.1

TLD를 이용하여 중성자 선량을 측정할 경우, TLD는 중성자 에너지에 대한 반응도 차이가 크기 때문에 현장 중성자장의 스펙트럼 특성에 맞는 에너지 반응도 보정이 반드시 필요하다. 본 실험에는 소형으로 가공된 TLD 소자를 사용하여 $^{252}Cf$ 중성자장에 설치된 내부구조가 복잡하고 좁은 Long-Counter (중성자 검출기) 내외부에서의 중성자 주위선량당량(ambient dose equivalent)을 측정하였다. 측정결과는 입자수송해석코드(MCNPX)를 이용한 계산결과와 비교하였다. 기존의 TLD 교정 선원인 $D_2O$ 감속 $^{252}Cf$만으로 교정하여 판독한 결과값은 전산모사 계산값과 많은 차이를 보였다. 그러나 bare 및 $D_2O$ 감속 $^{252}Cf$ 선원을 사용하여 생산한 두 교정인자를 혼용한 판독값은 계산값과 비슷하였다. 결과적으로, TLD 소자는 사용 현장과 비슷한 특성을 가지는 중성자장에서 교정되어야지만 올바른 선량평가가 가능함을 확인하였다. In case of neutron dose measurement using TLDs (thermo-luminescence dosimeters), because the neutron energy dependence of the TLD is very high, the calibration of the energy response according to the characteristics of the neutron spectrum of workplace is required. In the present study, the ambient dose equivalent rates inside and around the Long-Counter (neutron detector) with narrow and complex inside in the neutron field of $^{252}Cf$ were evaluated. The calibration factors to account for the neutron energy dependence of TLDs were established for both the bare and $D_2O$ modulated $^{252}Cf$ neutron beams, respectively. The values of the TLD's measurement were compared with the computational results of the MCNPX (Monte Carlo N-Particles transport code). When using the two calibration factors of the TLD than a single calibration factor, the measured and the calculated values at the point of verification outside and inside the Long-Counter were in more good agreement. This results show that TLD should be calibrated in the reference neutron field similar to workplace situation.

학병의 신체와 전쟁 기억 - 『1․20 학병사기』를 중심으로 -

장인수 한민족문화학회 2016 한민족문화연구 Vol.53 No.-

During the pacific war, 1․20 student soldiers became the japan imperial army by compulsion, even if on the surface they were volunteers. They were free themselves from bondage of the colonial subaltern temporarily by being a soldier. But after enlisting their bodies were redesigned the subaltern of the japan army. And even though they were under pressure of the japan army, they were in the place that japanese soldiers murdered prisoners of war and innocent people. It was accompanied by nausea and pain to see. They defined themselves as morally superior beings by otherizing japanese soldiers in The Memoirs of 1․20 Student Soldiers, but sometimes they got along with japanese soldiers to keep their own security. 1․20 student soldiers made their own community based in elitism. They kept company with japanese elite soldiers. 1․20 student soldiers and japanese elite soldiers share with the symbolic capital from the student. According to The Memoirs of 1․20 Student Soldiers, student soldiers' liberalism was a deferentiation strategy. A strange aspect of questionable friendships with japanese soldiers spun off from their academic elitism. The japan military exploited their academic elitism for a stable management of unit. They imagined wrong that they became friends with japanese elite soldiers. An escape from unit was an evidence of anti-japanese to 1․20 student soldiers. They had a great notion that their escape was an anti-japanese movement, but in many cases their idea on a escape was an imaginative. Their escape plan often ended in failure, and they were sent to trial. On the ground that they were sent to jail, they claimed that they had participated in anti- japanese movement. But they subtly awared the problem of responsibility for war. Even though they were just a simple soldier, they were at the scene of destruction. 태평양전쟁 시기 학병들은 일제 관헌의 강요에 의해 지원병 형식으로 황군이 되었다. 황군이 됨으로써 그들은 식민지 하위주체에서 ‘일시적으로’ 벗어나 반항적인 모습을 보이기도 했지만, 입대 후 그들의 신체는 다시 일본군 내부의 하위주체로 재편됐다. 그리고 일제의 강압에 의한 것이라고는 해도, 전쟁 포로를 살해하고 양민을 유린하는 자리에 끼기도 했다. 그것은 ‘보는 고통’과 신체적인 메스꺼움을 동반하는 경험이었다. 『1․20학병사기』에서 그들은 일본 병사들을 타자화함으로써 스스로를 윤리적으로 우월한 존재로 그리지만, 때로는 안위를 위해 일본 병사들과 타협하기도 했다. 학병들은 학생 출신 엘리트라는 점을 자긍심으로 한 차별화 전략을 통해 학병공동체를 형성했다. 학생 출신이라는 상징자본은 같은 처지의 일본인 간부나 병사와의 접점이 됐다. 그들의 학벌주의는 일본인과의 수상한 ‘우정’으로 이어졌다. 군부는 부대의 안정적인 운영을 위해 학병들의 인텔리 의식을 이용했다. 학병들은 자주 폐쇄적인 부대 내에서 학생 출신 일본 군인과의 거리를 실제보다 가까운 것으로 잘못 상상했다. 학병들에게 ‘탈영’은 그 자체로 반일의 증표였다. 물론 개중에는 실제로 항일운동에 이른 경우도 있지만, 모두가 그런 것은 아니었다. 탈영은 번번이 실패로 끝났고, 재판과 투옥으로 이어졌으며, 그 투옥체험을 근거로 ‘항일운동’이라는 상상이 강화됐다. 그러나 그들은 전후 책임의 문제를 미묘하게 의식하고 있었다. 그들은 ‘졸병’에 불과했지만, 분명히 일본 군인이었고 살상이 일어난 장소에 있었다.

Henry Vaughan 의 종교시와 세속시에 나타난 사랑의 모형

장인수 한국문학과종교학회 1998 문학과종교 Vol.3 No.1

The subject of postmodern tragedy and religion will be well discussed in terms of romantic pragmatism. In this paper, the romantic sense signifies postmodern pleasure, while the pragmatic sense reserves modernistic signification. In other words, the ultimate desire of the self should be realized in the world of life. This assumes that the self feels a crisis when it is not satisfying in the world, then desire will move toward satisfaction. Here, language will be a means of telling such experience, containing human desire and worldly symbols. So, romantic pragmatism looks as though it is seeking a comic sense of postmodernism, but it paradoxically preserves a tragic sense of modernism. For romantic pragmatism shows a transcendent spirit which is trying to get over the tragedy of the world. Religion is here shaped as a new form. The religious form is the spiritual experience of transcendence getting through such worldly tragedy. Also, it seeks a self-freedom to be achieved in the world and also a positive reaction to the world. First of ail, romantic transcendence is not just to avoid tragedy in that it transcends tragic experience in real life, but it receives a sense of pragmatism. This is to say that such a pragmatic attitude experiences tragedy as a power to change it in society. Here, romantic transcendence signifies religious experience, that is, human sublime and pious life experience. This paper aims to show the justification of tragedy to be able to express seriousness and tension in postmodern life by putting subliming materialism, postmodern pleasure and its sensibility into religiousness.

에세네 종파에 대한 연구

장인수 한국성서고고학회 2009 성경과 고고학 Vol.- No.63

전후 모더니스트들의 언어적 정체성 -박인환, 조향, 김수영의 경우

장인수 국제어문학회 2011 국제어문학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2011 No.1

성찬경과 그의 영문학 연구

장인수 현대문학이론학회 2019 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.78

이 논문에서는 성찬경 시 연구에서 그동안 거의 논의 되지 않은 그의 영문학 논문들을 검토함으로써 성찬경 시론 형성의 비밀을 밝혀보고자 한다. 딜런 토머스는 작시 상 많은 이미지를 활용하고, 이미지들을 변증법적으로 확장하는 방식을 취한다. 그는 이미지에 많은 에너지를 투입하여 시적 밀도를 높이고자 한다. 성찬경은 토머스의 이미지들이 막대한 에너지의 투입이 필요한 시 자체의 ‘기구’와 같은 것에 의해 점점 확장해간다고 본다. 그 ‘기구’ 같은 것을 성찬경은 ‘밀핵’이라는 조어로 구체화한다. 성찬경의 ‘반투명’이라는 개념은 윌리엄 블레이크의 ‘상상력’에서 착안한 것이다. 블레이크에게 상상력이란 하느님의 존재, 영원성을 느끼게 해주는 정신적인 감각이다. 상상력이야말로 유한한 인간이 신을 느낄 수 있게 하는 매개라는 것이다. 그런 점에서 상상력은 블레이크에게 예수 그리스도였다. 성찬경은 이 상상력 개념을 ‘반투명’으로 바꾸어 부른다. 그의 그리스도에 대한 희구로서 ‘반투명’은 1980년대의 정치적 상황과도 겹쳐서 읽어볼 만한 지점이 있다. 성찬경의 ‘요소시’는 의미의 밀도를 추구한 ‘밀핵시론’을 형태상의 밀도 추구로 혁신하고자 한 시도이다. ‘밀핵시’와 ‘요소시’를 그가 연속선상에서 파악할 수 있었던 것은 제라드 맨리 홉킨스의 일기에서 발견한 어휘들의 나열 덕택이었다. 홉킨스의 어휘들은 가공하지 않은 질료 자체만으로도 충분히 아름다울 수 있다는 점을 성찬경에게 알려주었다. 또 일상 회화와 작성된 산문의 중간 형태의 리듬인 홉킨스의 돌발 리듬을 성찬경은 ‘우주율’이라는 조어로 변형하여 수용한다. 성찬경의 영문학 논문들은 이 복잡한 창작 개념들을 한데 묶어 자기만의 시적 체계를 세우려고 한 그의 강한 지성과 의지의 편린들을 담고 있거니와, 그의 시와 시론을 이해하기 위해서는 그의 영문학 논문들을 검토하는 것이 반드시 필요하다.

주사전자현미경(SEM)을 이용한 일회용침 끝의 미세 형태에 대한 관찰(2)

장인수,박종배,송범용,이창현,김현수,Jang, In-soo,Park, Jong-bae,Song, Beom-yong,Lee, Chang-hyun,Kim, Hyun-soo 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.5

Objective: There have not been so many study about the quality of acupuncture needle tip. In order to ensure safe acupuncture treatment, the quality of needle tip is essential. Therefore we investigated the current condition of the tip of the acupuncture needles in Korea. Methods: We have selected the needles that made by 8 companies in Korea, and selected 50 pieces from 1000 pieces each company by randomized methods. and observed the tip of each needle using a scanning electron microscope at ${\times}800$ magnification. Results & Discussion: We found that needles had several defects such as scratch marks on the surface, metallic scuff, lumps and irregularities of the needle tips, stubbed or malformed tips, tips of point off-center, peeled off coated tips. There was much difference on the quality of needle among the manufacturer, and some needles seem to need to do- thorough quality control. It is necessary to intensify quality management and a concentrated control on manufacturing process of acupuncture needles.