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임상민 한국항공우주산업진흥협회 2005 航空宇宙 Vol.87 No.-
일본의 항공기 산업은 군수부문이 차지하는 비율이 높다. 하지만 장기간의 경기불황으로 인해 당분간 방위비 증가를 기대하기는 어려우며 그 규모도 축소할 계획이다. 민수부문에서의 특징으로는 미국과 여객기 공동개발사업을 지속적으로 추진했다는 점을 꼽을 수 있으며, 최근의 주요 사업으로는 보잉 787 여객기 공동개발사업과 소형 제트여객기 개발사업이 추진되고 있다. 또한 위성분야는 전부문에 걸쳐 활발한 개발이 이루어지고 있다.
역도산과 내파하는 쇼와천황 내셔널리즘 ―미야모토 데루 「역도산 동생」론
임상민 동국대학교 일본학연구소 2013 일본학 Vol.36 No.-
宮本輝の短編「力道山の弟」は、昭和天皇が亡くなった1989年1月7日前後に書かれ、天皇が亡くなった後の1989年3月号の「小説新潮」に掲載された作品である。勿論、単なる時期的な一致だけではなく、「力道山」という戦後日本を象徴する人物をはじめ、小説の中に登場する戦争世代と戦後世代、中国と日本、父の死と次の世代の門出、過去の回想と評価などは同時代の天皇と天皇制を議論する時に出てくるキーワードと多くの接点を確認することができる。しかし、同時代に天皇の戦争責任を追及する人やその家族までに脅迫が相次いでいたことを考えれば、小説の中に天皇を直接に登場させることなく、むしろ「天皇の次に有名」だった力道山を登場させたことはとても興味深い。小説は1988年の現在の「私」が父の遺品の中で発見した「力道粉末」の封筒をきっかけに、1958年に「力道山の弟」を名乗りながら、秘薬を売る香具師をめぐる思い出を戦後世代の「私」と戦争体験世代の父の視点を交差させながら描いている。大事なことは戦後世代の「私」にとっては、力道山の弟はパワーを象徴する戦後日本の身体である反面、戦争体験世代の父にとっては中国人の友達である「高万寿」を忘却させる存在として描かれている点である。そして、こうした世代間の認識の差は、昭和天皇が亡くなった後に見られる戦争体験世代と戦後世代の共通の天皇観を沸騰させる。体験の差はあるものの、両方の世代における天皇とは、「病気の家族(父親/おじいさん)」として受容されており、このような図式は「天皇の拒否=非日本人」という排除の図式を内包している。従って、こうした天皇観は、結果的に日本の戦争責任問題を忘却させることになる。しかし、小説「力道山の弟」は中国人「高万寿」と結婚した日本人の女性が戦後日本の高度経済成長を象徴する力道山の弟と関係を持つことを批判的に描くことにより、日本の高度成長と引き替えに戦争責任を忘却しようとする問題を追及しようとした。そして、これを同時代の文脈から考えれば、昭和天皇の死を前後にして沸騰する「天皇の受容=日本人」という昭和天皇ナショナリズムを内破しようとしたとも言えるのである。そして、小説の中には力道山の国籍に関する具体的な記述はないものの、特定の人物が発するメッセージを特定の人達が受信できるシークレットメッセージという側面からすれば、小説の中で日本人の中にさりげなく登場する「朝鮮人の老婆」と力道山がよく行く店が戦後の在日朝鮮人を強く連想させる「ホルモン焼き屋」だったという設定は、力道山の両犠牲を浮上させる記号として機能しているとも言える。シークレットメッセージの両犠牲は戦後世代の「私」には「五寸釘」のトリックが分からなかったのに、戦争体験世代の父にはそのトリックが分かってしまうというエピソードにも見られる。すなわち、小説「力道山の弟」はシークレットメッセージに見られる受信/切断という構造を作品の様々なところに配置することにより、同時代の昭和天皇ナショナリズムに内包されている「天皇の受容=日本人」という排除の図式のトリックを内破しようとしたのである。
단체협약 잠정합의안에 대한 인준투표와 절차적 공정대표의무 -대법원 2020. 10. 29. 선고 2017다263192 판결을 중심으로
임상민 사법발전재단 2023 사법 Vol.1 No.65
대법원은 2020. 10. 29. 선고 2017다263192 판결(대상판결)을 통해 절차적 공정대표의무에 관하여 중요한 법리를 판시하였다. 대상판결에서 정보제공 및 의견수렴의무가 절차적 공정대표의무에 해당하고 그 위반에 대하여 불법행위에 기한 손해배상(위자료)책임을 인정한 것은 그 의의가 크다. 그러나 대상판결에서는 교섭창구 단일화 절차에 참여한 다른 노동조합(소수노동조합) 소속 조합원을 배제한 채 교섭대표노동조합 조합원만으로 단체협약 잠정합의안에 대한 인준투표를 거쳤다 하더라도 절차적 공정대표의무 위반이 아니라고 판단하였다. 이러한 판단은 다음과 같은 이유로 받아들이기 어렵지 않나 생각한다. 1) 교섭대표노동조합 대표자의 독자적인 단체협약체결권 등 대상판결이 열거한 사유들은 차별의 존부 내지 차별에 대한 합리적인 이유의 존부와는 무관한 별개의 사정이다. 2) 단체협약은 규범적 효력을 가지는 것이므로 단체협약의 실질적인 귀속주체는 조합원인 근로자이다. 따라서 조합원들이 관여하여 형성한 노동조합의 의사에 기초하여 단체협약을 체결하는 것이 단체교섭의 기본적 요청이다. 교섭창구 단일화 제도하에서는 단체협약이 소수노동조합 조합원에게도 규범적 효력을 가지므로 소수노동조합 조합원도 교섭대표노동조합 조합원과 마찬가지로 의사형성참여권 내지 절차참여권을 보장받아야 한다. 3) 만일 대상판결과 같이 단체협약 잠정합의안에 대한 인준투표 관련 절차적 공정대표의무를 부정한다면, 공정대표의무를 통해 소수노동조합 및 그 조합원들의 노동3권을 최대한 보장함으로써 교섭창구 단일화 절차의 합헌성을 담보하고자 하는 취지 자체가 사실상 몰각될 우려가 크다. The Supreme Court of Korea ruled an important legal principle on the procedural duties of fair representation through Supreme Court Decision 2017Da263192 decided October 29, 2020. In the subject case, it is significant that the obligation to provide information and collect opinions constitutes procedural duties of fair representation, and that the liability for non-property damages based on illegal acts in relation to a violation thereof is recognized. However, the Supreme Court, through Supreme Court Decision 2017Da263192, determined that even if a tentative collective agreement is drawn up without giving minority trade union members an equal opportunity to vote for or against the collective agreement, it does not violate procedural duties of fair representation. Such judgment is difficult to accept for the following reasons: 1) The grounds listed by the subject case, such as the right of the representative of a representative bargaining trade union to conclude an independent collective agreement, are unrelated to the existence of discrimination or the existence of rational reasons for discrimination; 2) The collective agreement has normative effect, and it applies to workers who are union members. Thus, the basic request for collective bargaining is to conclude a collective agreement based on the will of the trade union formed by the involvement of the members. Under the simplification of bargaining windows, a collective agreement has normative effect on minority union members, and thus minority union members, such as bargaining representative trade union members, must be guaranteed the right to participate in decision-making or procedures; 3) If the procedural duty of fair representation related to the confirmation vote for the tentative collective agreement is denied as in Supreme Court Decision 2017Da263192, the purpose of ensuring the constitutionality of the simplification of bargaining windows by guaranteeing the three labor rights of minority labor unions and their members is likely to be virtually lost.
일제강점기 <옥중소설>과 조선인 간수 연구 ―나카니시 이노스케 『붉은 흙에 싹트는 것』을 중심으로―
임상민 한국일본문화학회 2024 日本文化學報 Vol.- No.100
This study analyzes the control mechanism of colonial Joseon prisons, focusing on Nakanishi Inosuke’s debut work “Sprouts from Red Earth” (1922). As Japan’s representative proletarian writer, this work is considered to have had a considerable impact on professional literature in Japanese colonial era Joseon. In particular, this study examined the representation of Korean guards in the novel, the specific status of the Joseon Governor-General’s examination to become guards at the time, and how the punishment model introduced from the West after modern times was transplanted to colonial Joseon through Japan. Previous studies positively evaluate the Japanese empire, capitalism, and solidarity with Koreans outside the colony, but for this solidarity, the Korean guards are overlaid with a villain/pro-Japanese frame, which results in a depression in the binomial scheme of ethnicity, thereby concealing differences in class and occupation within the nation. In addition, focusing on the Korean guards in the novel through the test and model answers organized by the Korean Government-General of Korea, the Korean guards often lose control of Japanese prisoners, even though they can speak fluent Japanese. This unequal relationship between Korean guards and Japanese prisoners was the result of the prison system outside of colonial Joseon at the time. Furthermore, Koreans outside of Korea were living in a dual and paradoxical structure in which prisoners trapped in prison were controlled by “Japanese guards” and “native guards.” 本稿では日本を代表するプロレタリア作家であり、植民地朝鮮のプロ文学にも多大な影響を及ぼしたと評価されている中西伊之助のデビュー作『赫土に芽ぐむもの』(1922年)を中心に、植民地朝鮮における監獄の統制メカニズムを分析することを目的とした。特に、小説の中に登場する朝鮮人看守の表象と当時看守になるための朝鮮総督府試験の実態調査、そして近代以後に西欧から入ってきた処罰モデルが日本を経由して植民地朝鮮にどのように移植されたのかについて分析を試みた。 その結果、先行研究では日本帝国と資本主義の批判、そして外地朝鮮人との連帯を強調した作品として肯定的に評価するものの、このような連帯のために朝鮮人看守を悪人/親日フレームで囲い込み、結果的に民族内部の階層及び職業の違いを隠蔽させ、民族という二項対立的図式に陥没する結果を招くことになる。 また、同時代の朝鮮総督府主管の看守試験及び模範答案を経由しながら小説の中の朝鮮人看守に注目してみると、朝鮮人看守は流暢な日本語を駆使できるにもかかわらず、日本人収監者に対しては統制不能の状態に陥る場合が多い。このような朝鮮人看守と日本人収監者の非対称的な関係性は当時の植民地朝鮮外地の監獄システムが作り出した結果であり、外地の朝鮮人看守は「日本人看守」と「土着民看守」に分節される形で監獄の囚人を統制し統制される、いわば二重的で逆説的な構造の中に置かれていたことが分かる。
멜론 수확과 크기 예측을 위한 최적의 생육모델 비교에 관한 연구
임상민,정수호,이명훈 한국지식정보기술학회 2023 한국지식정보기술학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.6
Improving crop productivity and providing food security are currently emerging as important topics around the world. Among these, melon is a fruit loved by many consumers around the world, and predictions of its production and quality have great significance in the agricultural field. In particular, accurately predicting melon growth is an important factor in increasing agricultural economics and productivity. The purpose of this study is to utilize various machine learning techniques to accurately predict melon growth. The study was conducted based on melon growth and greenhouse environment data provided by the Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services. Initial data was collected in minutes, which were preprocessed and converted to daily averages. Additionally, because growth data were not measured at regular intervals, linear interpolation was used to fill in missing values. After completing data preprocessing and feature selection, learning was conducted using Linear Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LSTM, and GRU among several machine learning models. The performance of each model was evaluated by MSE and R² values. As a result, the random forest model showed the best performance. The brute-force method was used to select the optimal parameters for this model, and the MSE value of the random forest model using the optimal parameters derived through this was 2.33, showing high prediction accuracy. The results of this study are expected to significantly improve agricultural efficiency and productivity, and in the future, we plan to conduct research to further improve the accuracy of the prediction model by including more diverse variables and utilizing more data.
퍼블리시티권에 관한 일본의 동향: 最高裁2012. 2. 2. 핑크레이디 사건과 最高裁2004. 2. 13. 경주마 사건을 중심으로
임상민 한국지식재산연구원 2012 지식재산연구 Vol.7 No.4
Publicity right can be described as the right of every human being to use one’s identity such as name or likeness in a commercial way in order to gain economic benefits. There are many issues over the requirements and effects of publicity right. Lots of theories and decisions over publicity right have been accumulated in Korea. However, there are neither grounds in statutes nor a decision issued by the Korean Supreme Court, and there is no unified standards in actual practice. In Japan where the judicial system is similar to Korea, the Japanese Supreme Court has recently rendered two judgments over publicity right in the “Racehorse” case and “Pink-Lady” case. The points of the two Japanese Supreme Court judgments are as follows :First, the legal character of publicity right was found to not an independent property right but a type of personal right. Second, as the standard of judgment for infringement against publicity right, the Court adopted ‘attracting customers only standard’for the sake of keeping balance with the other constitutionally protected right of freedom of . Third, despite attracting customers, the Court denied publicity right over property because it is not of human elements. The interpretations of the Supreme Court in Japan over publicity right may be useful references in Korea in terms of the legal character and the object of publicity right and interpreting the standard of judgment for infringement against publicity right. 퍼블리시티권이란, 사람의 초상, 성명 등 그 사람의 정체성을 상업적으로 이용하여 경제적 이익을 얻을 수 있는 권리라고 말할 수 있다. 퍼블리시티권의 요건과그 효과에 관하여는 다양한 쟁점에 있다. 한편, 기존의 우리나라 학설과 판례가상당수 집적되어 있으나 그 법령상 근거도 없고 대법원의 판단도 없어, 실무상 통일된 기준이 없다. 우리나라와 사법체계가 비슷한 일본에서는 최근 경주마 사건과 핑크레이디 사건을 통하여 최상급법원인 최고재판소가 퍼블리시티권에 관하여 판시한 바 있다. 두 최고재판소 판결을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 퍼블리시티권의 법적 성격을 독립한 재산권이 아니라 인격권으로 판단하였다. 둘째, 퍼블리시티권 침해에 관한 판단 기준으로서‘오로지 기준설’을 채택하여, 표현의 자유, 언론·출판의 자유라는 또 다른 헌법상 기본권과의 조화를유지한다. 셋째, 고객흡인력이 있음에도 불구하고 인적요소가 아닌 물건에 대하여는 그 소유자의 퍼블리시티권을 부정하였다. 이러한 최고재판소의 해석은, 퍼블리시티권의 법적 성격, 그 침해 판단 기준,객체와 관련하여 우리나라에서의 퍼블리시티권의 해석에 유용한 참고자료가 될수 있을 것이다.