하안(何晏)의 현학(玄學)사상

이재권 한국동서철학회 1998 동서철학연구 Vol.15 No.1

장기간의 비보상성 전정기능저하를 보이는 제8뇌신경의 신경-혈관 교차압박 증례보고

이재권,추호석,정원호,고문희 대한평형의학회 2009 Research in Vestibular Science Vol.8 No.2

The neurovascular cross-compression (NVCC) of the eighth cranial nerve (CN) is a clinical entity with symptoms of recurrent vertigo or tinnitus. Although the diagnostic criteria have been defined, the precise clinical presentation and pathomechanism have not been clarified. The treatment response to the carbamazepine; drug of choice for first line medical treatment, has been considered as one of the diagnostic criteria. Herein, we present a case of chronic uncompensated unilateral vestibular hypofunction who responded dramatically to carbamazepine medication. A 55 year-old male admitted to the hospital with symptoms of recurrent oscillopsia and headache for more than 7 years. His symptoms were aggravated by positional changes. Vestibular function tests showed spontaneous nystagmus, canal paresis on caloric test and vestibular dysfunction on dynamic posturography, which represented unilateral uncompensated vestibular hypofunction. Although his symptom was not relived by vestibular rehabilitation, he was treated with carbamazepine. A long standing uncompensated unilateral vestibular hypofunction without any auditory symptoms could be one of the clinical presentations in NVCC of the eighth CN. The neurovascular cross-compression (NVCC) of the eighth cranial nerve (CN) is a clinical entity with symptoms of recurrent vertigo or tinnitus. Although the diagnostic criteria have been defined, the precise clinical presentation and pathomechanism have not been clarified. The treatment response to the carbamazepine; drug of choice for first line medical treatment, has been considered as one of the diagnostic criteria. Herein, we present a case of chronic uncompensated unilateral vestibular hypofunction who responded dramatically to carbamazepine medication. A 55 year-old male admitted to the hospital with symptoms of recurrent oscillopsia and headache for more than 7 years. His symptoms were aggravated by positional changes. Vestibular function tests showed spontaneous nystagmus, canal paresis on caloric test and vestibular dysfunction on dynamic posturography, which represented unilateral uncompensated vestibular hypofunction. Although his symptom was not relived by vestibular rehabilitation, he was treated with carbamazepine. A long standing uncompensated unilateral vestibular hypofunction without any auditory symptoms could be one of the clinical presentations in NVCC of the eighth CN.

老子哲學에서 名의 意味

이재권 범한철학회 1998 汎韓哲學 Vol.17 No.-

센서 네트워크의 데이터 수집기에 대한 프로토콜 설계 및 구현

이재권,곽윤식 한국정보기술학회 2014 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol. No.

In this paper, in order to effectively communicate with data between data collectors and sensor tags, and monitoring system, we designed and implemented the protocols of data collector in sensor network systems. Also, in order to shirk the collision of signals to be simultaneously happened by sensor tags, we implemented and adapted the algorithm of wireless collision avoided type – random delay algorithm by vibration during moving, synchronizing Beacon algorithm for collectors. As a result of experiment, we could obtain the consistency, reliability, and stability of systems. Also, through operating and deploying sensors and communication devices at apple’s farms, proposed protocols were identified the possibility for goods. 본 논문은 센서네트워크의 데이터 수집기에 대한 통신 프로토콜의 설계 및 구현에 관한 것이다. 데이터 수집기와 센서태그, 그리고 관제시스템 간의 원활한 데이터의 송수신을 위한 프로토콜을 설계, 구현하였다. 또한 다수의 센서 태그로부터 발생되는 신호의 충돌을 방지하기 위한 무선 충돌 회피형 송수신 알고리즘 –이동시 진동에 의한 랜덤 지연 알고리즘, 수집기 동기화 Beacon알고리즘- 을 개발, 적용하여 대용량 센서네트워크 시스템의 안정성 및 신뢰성을 확보 할 수 있었다. 현장시험은 사과 과수원과 저장고에 설치, 운용한 결과, 제안프로토콜의 상용화 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

노자의 유무론

이재권 한국동서철학회 2019 동서철학연구 Vol.0 No.92

The 'Theory of existence and nonexistence' is one of the major subjects of Lao-tzu’s metaphysics. In Lao-tzu, there are three instances such as chapter 2, Chapter 11, and chapter 40, which discuss both existence and non-existence. In this paper, we analyzed the meanings of existence and nonexistence appearing in these three chapters, in the order of Chapters 11, 40, and 2. The order of logical development was based on the change from concrete content to abstract content. Chapter 11 deals with the benefits of existence and the use of nonexistence as its foundation. To prove this, Lao-tzu took a wagon wheel, bowl, and house (room) as examples. This kind of existence requires an empty space to be beneficially used. Here nonexistence refers to empty space. When everyone talks about use and the usefulness of existence, Lao-tzu is the only one who has talks about the use and usefulness of nonexistence. In Chapter 40, the movement and use of Tao, and the relationships among creation, existence, and nonexistence of all things were discussed. In this paper, it is considered that the former is related to the latter, and different passages which fill the logical gap are used. Here, existence and nonexistence are abbreviations of 'Having name' and 'No having name'. As a supreme being, the flexible Tao reveals various forms while constantly exercising, and humans give them a name. All things return to Tao, after all Tao has no name. Here, 'Living' is not production or creation, it means that human beings give a name to all things, and that they have an identity. Chapter 2 refers to the problem of the concept purely. Existence and nonexistence are concepts of opposing pairs. This concept pair is relative. Without either one, the other loses meaning. Existence is there, and nonexistence is not. Therefore, this concept of pairing is relative, not absolute, since it is queuing. Lao-tzu emphasizes not to obsess over it, because one concept is not absolute. 유무론은 노자 형이상학의 중요한 문제 중의 하나이다. 『노자』에서 有와 無를 함께 거론한 것은 제2장 · 11장 · 40장 등 세 번이다. 본 논문에서는 이 세 번 등장하는 유와 무의 의미를 분석했는데, 세 가지 용례의 의미가 모두 다르다. 제11장 · 40장 · 2장의 순서로 분석을 했는데, 논리 전개의 순서는 구체적인 내용에서 추상적인 내용으로 기준을 삼았다. 제11장의 내용은 유의 이로움(유용)과 그 토대로서 무의 쓰임(효용)에 관한 것이다. 그것을 증명하기 위해서 노자는 수레의 바퀴통, 그릇, 집(방)의 예를 들었다. 유가 이롭게 사용되기 위해서는 빈 공간이 필요하다는 것이다. 여기서의 무는 빈 공간을 가리킨다. 모두가 유의 이로움과 쓰임을 말할 때 노자만이 무의 쓰임과 효용성을 말했다는 것이 획기적인 일이다. 제40장에서는 도의 움직임과 쓰임, 그리고 만물의 생성과 유 · 무의 관계를 말하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 전자와 후자가 관련이 있는 것으로 보고, 다른 구절들을 동원해서 논리적 간극을 메꾸었다. 여기서의 유와 무는 有名과 無名의 생략형이다. 궁극적 존재로서 유연한 도는 끊임없는 운동(작용)을 하면서 다양한 모습을 드러내는데, 인간이 그것들에게 이름을 부여한다. 만물은 다시 도로 복귀하는데, 도는 이름이 없는 것이다. 여기에서 ‘生’은 생산이나 창조가 아니라, 인간이 만물에게 이름을 부여하여 그것들이 정체성을 갖게 되는 것을 의미한다. 제2장에서는 순수하게 개념의 문제를 언급하고 있다. 유와 무는 대립되는 쌍 개념이다. 이런 쌍 개념은 상대적인 것이다. 이중에서 어느 하나가 없으면 다른 하나도 의미를 상실한다. 유는 있는 것이고, 무는 있지 않은 것 즉 없는 것이다. 따라서 이런 쌍 개념은 待對的이므로 절대적이지 않고 상대적이다. 노자는 하나의 개념이 절대적이지 않으므로 그것에 집착하지 말 것을 강조하는 것이다.

왕필의 무용론 - 체용론과 관련해서 -

이재권 한국동서철학회 2019 동서철학연구 Vol.0 No.93

The goal of this thesis is to consider whether the so-called 'Wang Bi's theory of things and their functions' that has been discussed much in academia and has been generally recognized and can, indeed, be established. Many scholars argue that Wang Bi established the theory of things and their functions initially in the history of the philosophy of China. But, some scholars deny such a view. They argue that the theory of things and their functions was established by Geyi during the Jin Dynasty when Buddhism became established in China. The arguer agrees with the latter position. In this thesis, the central content criticizes the view that Wang Bi is the pioneer of the theory of things and their functions is presented and that proves the argument that Wang Bi is a person professing the theory of the uselessness. The core lines that the scholars have been referencing in order to prove Wang Bi's theory of things and their functions are 'imuwibon', 'imuwiyong', and 'imuwiche'. The two initial terms are direct quotes by Wang Bi, while the latter phrase is a term devised by the researchers of Wang Bi. Scholars explain by bundling together the theory of uselessness, the theory of the beginning and the end, and the theory of the things and their functions of Wang Bi. However, the 'body‘ Wang Bi talks about means not the main body but means the form. The meanings of the use, usefulness, and utility of the 'use' are stronger than the meanings of the action and the phenomenon of the 'use'. Hence, there are the differences with the meanings of the body and the use in the theory of the things and their functions, which is a theory (category) of Buddhism and neo-Confucianism. In Wang Bi's philosophy, the nothingness is the main body and, at the same time, is the usefulness. As in Wang Bi's philosophy, the theory of things and their functions does not become established, so it is a mistake to explain his theory of uselessness, theory of the beginning and the end, and the theory of the things and their functions by bundling them together. An exception being that Wang Bi's philosophy can be interpreted in the viewpoint of the theory of things and their functions which was established later on. Wang Bi is not a person espousing the theory of things and their functions but a person maintaining the theory of uselessness. The argument by Chinese scholars arguing that Wang Bi is the pioneer of the theory of things and their functions is related to Chinese nationalism. They do not want to recognize that the theory of things and their functions, which is one of the important theories (categories) of Chinese philosophy, was established by receiving the influences of a foreign ideology. In order to argue that the theory of the things and their functions is an exclusive ideology of China, Wang Bi, who mentioned ‘the body’ and ‘the use’ often, is put forth as the pioneer of the theory of things and their functions. However, such an argument is farfetched without any feasibility. Wang Bi merely spoke about the body and the use. He did not, in fact, have any interest in the theory of the things and their functions. 이 논문의 내용은 학계에서 많이 논의되고 있고 일반적으로 인정하는 소위 ‘왕필의 체용론’이 과연 성립될 수 있는가를 따져본 것이다. 많은 학자들은 왕필이 중국철학사에서 최초로 체용론을 수립했다고 주장하는데, 일부의 학자들은 이런 견해를 부정한다. 이들은 체용론이 불교가 중국에 정착하던 晉나라 때 격의불교에서 성립된 것이라고 주장한다. 논자는 후자의 입장에 동의한다. 이 논문은 왕필이 체용론의 선구자라는 견해를 비판하고, 無用論을 주장한 학자라는 것을 입증하는 내용이 중심을 이루고 있다. 학자들이 왕필의 체용론을 논증하기 위해서 거론하는 핵심 구절은 以無爲本, 以無爲用, 以無爲體이다. 앞의 두 구절은 왕필이 직접 한 말이고, 뒤의 한 구절은 왕필 연구자들이 지어낸 말이다. 학자들은 왕필의 유무론 및 본말론과 체용론을 함께 묶어서 설명을 한다. 그러나 왕필이 말하는 體는 본체가 아니라 형체라는 의미이고, 用은 작용이나 현상이라는 의미보다는 쓰임(유용·이용‧효용)이라는 의미가 강하다. 그러므로 불교나 신유학 이론인 체용론에서의 체‧용의 의미와는 차이가 있다. 왕필철학에서는 無가 본체이며 동시에 효용성을 갖고 있다. 왕필의 철학에서는 체용론이 성립되지 않으므로 그의 유무론 및 본말론과 체용론을 함께 묶어서 설명하는 것은 잘못이다. 다만 뒷날 성립된 체용론의 관점으로 왕필의 철학을 (재)해석할 수는 있다. 왕필은 체용론자가 아니라 무용론자이다. 중국의 학자들이 왕필을 체용론의 선구자라고 주장하는 것은 중화민족주의와 관련이 있다. 그들은 중국철학에서 중요한 이론의 하나인 체용론이 외래사상인 불교의 영향을 받아서 성립됐다는 것을 인정하고 싶지 않은 것이다. 체용론이 중국의 고유사상임을 주장하기 위해서 체와 용을 많이 언급한 왕필을 체용론의 선구자로 몰아가는 것이다. 그러나 이런 주장은 타당성이 없는 억지 논리이다. 왕필은 단순히 체와 용을 말했을 뿐, 정작 체용론에는 관심이 없었다.

Phenytoin의 태아 구개열 유발과 모체 혈청 Corticosterone 증가에 대한 Dimethyl Sulfoxide 억제 작용

이재권,이창업,이문한,류판동,이영재,성하정,Lee, Jae-Kwon,Lee, Chang-Eop,Lee, Mun-Han,Ryu, Pan-Dong,Lee, Young-Jae,Sung, Ha-Jung 한국독성학회 1992 Toxicological Research Vol.8 No.2

It is well known that phenytoin (PHT), a commonly prescribed anticonvulsant, has teratogenicity in experimental animals and human. The major malformation induced by PHT in mouse is cleft palate. The mechanisms of the embryotoxic effects of PHT are unknown. However, PHT and synthetic glucocorticoids share several features with respect to their teratogenicity, and it was known that PHT increased maternal corticosterone level. Therefore PHT-induced cleft palate may be mediated indirectly by elevated maternal corticosterone. Recently it was reported that secalonic acid Dinduced cleft palate and elevated endogenous corticosterone level, and that such effects were antagonized by DMSO. The purpose of this work was to investigate whether the elevated maternal corticosterone is associated with the teratogenicity of PHT in the ICR mouse fetuses by treatment with PHT or PHT plus DMSO. PHT (74mg/kg, BW) was daily administered intraperitoneally on day 10~12 of gestation with and without DMSO(2ml/kg, BW), and the fetal malformation was observed on day 18. Maternal serum corticosterone and fetal PHT levels were determined by HPLC. The results are summarized as follows. 1)The percentage of cleft palate incidense in fetuses following treatment with PHT on day 10~12 of gestation was 51.7%. 2)There was a significant decrement in the cleft palate incidence in fetuses to 30.8% in the group treated with PHT plus DMSO compared with 51.7% in that with PHT alone. 3) Maternal serum corticosterone levels following treatment with PHT on day 10~12 of gestation increased by 116~343% compared with that of vehicle control. Such effect was antagonized by DMSO. 4)PHT concentration in the fetuses was not affected by DMSO. These results suggest that PHT-induced cleft-palate in fetuses seems to be closely associated with the elevation of maternal corticosterone level.

군 정비창 입지선정 사례

이재권 한국산업경영시스템학회 1999 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.22 No.50

노자철학에서 앎의 문제

이재권 대한철학회 1998 哲學硏究 Vol.67 No.-

MANET에서의 온-디멘드 방식의 전력 효율적인 QoS 라우팅 알고리즘

이재권,송황준,Lee, Zae-Kwun,Song, Hwang-Jun 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.9a

본 논문에서는 모바일 애드 혹 네트워크(MANET)에서 전력 효율적인 QoS 라우팅 알고리즘을 설명한다. 멀티미디어 데이터는 해당 응용 계층에 따라서 대역폭, 지연시간 등의 QoS를 필요로 한다. 그러나 모바일 애드 혹 네트워크는 토폴로지가 시간이 지남에 따라 자주 변하고, 전력 등의 자원에 제약이 많기 때문에 QoS를 보장하기 어렵다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 최소의 전체 소비전력으로 보다 지속적으로 종단 간에 요구된 QoS를 보장하는 온-디멘드 방식의 QoS 라우팅 알고리즘(MAPER)를 제안한다. 마지막으로 실험결과에서는 제안한 알고리즘의 성능을 보인다. This paper presents MAPER, a media-aware power efficient routing algorithm over mobile ad hoc networks. Generally, multimedia services need various quality of service over the network according to their characteristics and applications. But it is not easy to guarantee quality of service over mobile ad hoc networks since the resources are very limited and time-varying. Furthermore only a limited power is available at mobile nodes, which makes the problem more challenging. Now, we propose an effective routing algorithm over mobile ad hoc networks that provides the stable end-to-end quality of service with the minimum total power consumption. Finally, experimental results are provided to show the performance of the proposed algorithm.