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잔디 토양전염성병원진균에 대한 길항미생물의 분리 및 길항효과
이용세 ( Lee Yong-se ),전하준 ( Jun Ha-joon ),이창호 ( Lee Chang-ho ),송치현 ( Song Chi-hyun ) 한국유기농업학회 1997 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.6 No.1
Recently, the importance of management and cultivation of grasses has been increased in Korea. Among these cultural practices, the appropriate control of diseases is considered more important than other cultivation techniques such as fertilization and irrigation. The damages of brown patch and large patch caused by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pythium blight caused by Pythium spp. are serious in the major cultivation area of turfgrass in Korea. Since these diseases are difficult to control by agrochemicals, the damages are very serious if these diseases are occured. The periodic spray of agrochemicals to protect and control these diseases could make some problems of toxicity and environmental pollution as well as rising of non-target diseases. Therefore, the biological methods to control diseases have been required to decrease problems resulted from overuse of agrochemicals, to conserve natural ecosystem, and to control effectively diseases of grasses in the long period. The number of studies about biological control using antagonistic microorganisms have been increased for last half century. However, the application of biological control method has been very limited. In this study, thirteen isolates of R. cerealis, 8 isolates of R. solani and 3 isolates of Pythym spp. have been isolated from diseased turfgrass in golf course and grass-culture area that have patch and wilting symptoms of zoysia grass and creeping bentgrass. Isolation frequency of R. cerealis and R. solani was high in especially zoysiagrass, while Pythym spp. was isolated from bent grass at low frequency but showed high pathogenicity. Totally, 205 isolates of soil microorganisms were isolated in this study as primary antagonistic microorganism by Herr's triple agar layer plate and dual culture method using rhizosphere of grasses, soil of crop field as the source of antagonistic microorganisms. Among the 205 isolates, 23 isolates were actinomycetes and 182 isolates were bacteria. All of the actinomycetes were isolated by Herr's method. Antagonistic effect of primary isolated microorganisms was tested for in vitro mycelial growth inhibition against pathogenic fungi isolated from grasses and for inhibition of disease occurrence in 24 well tissue culture plate and pot experiment. Then, four isolates of bacteria which are BG23, BG74, BG136 and BG171 were selected as antagonistic microorganisms against soil-born pathogenic fungi of bentgrass.
이용현(LEE Yong-hyeon) 고구려발해학회 2006 고구려발해연구 Vol.22 No.-
East Asia countries of surround of Koguryo appeared in Stele of King Gwanggaeto. I pan from the group where King Gwanggaeto is dispatched by oneself in the group which is not so when I observe military activity of Koguryo about them. The group where King is dispatched by oneself is divided into three again. The first is a group doing tribute to Koguryo. For example, Silla, Sugsin(肅愼) and East Buyo(東夫餘) are them. The second group is a slavery visitor(奴客) temporarily. Baegje is it. Bagje was intensely attacked' by Koguryo promised to be a slavary visitor. But it did not continue, and, in addition, Bagje was not to be tributary. Third group is an object of the subjugation of Koguryo, but without a trace influenced by control of Koguryo. Wae(倭) and Biryo(稗麗) is it. These were tribute countries, but not a slavery visitor. The purpose of military attack of Koguryo on the third group was exclusion of them from sphere of influence of Koguryo, not the conquest of them. The symbolic expression that Wa invades sphere of influenceof Koguryo! and conquest Silla and Bagje in so-called article of year of Sinmyo is should pay attention to, judging from this point of view.