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지속적 배양결과 감시를 통한 Cladosporium Species 가유행 검출
용동은,유수헌,김명숙,정혜선,이양순,정석훈,이경원,정윤섭 대한의료관련감염관리학회 2010 의료관련감염관리 Vol.15 No.1
Background: Cladosporium spp. are dematiaceous fungi that are commonly isolated from indoor and outdoor environments, including hospital air. This fungus is rarely pathogenic to humans, but has been reported to cause infections of the skin and toenails, as well as sinusitis and pulmonary infections. The monitoring of culture results was conducted to identify the outbreak of an unknown black fungal infection between January and March 2006 in a University hospital, and infection control activity was performed to identify the cause of the outbreak. Methods: An epidemiological investigation of 22 patients with infections caused by an unknown black fungus was conducted. Microscopic examination and molecular analysis on the internal transcript spacer (ITS) region was performed to identify the black fungus. To detect the source of contamination, a culture of environmental specimens was performed, and then, disinfection of the laboratory was implemented. Results: The patients with black fungi belonged to various departments and wards. No symptoms of fungal infection were recognized on the basis of the survey. The black fungus was identified as Cladosporium spp. on the basis of morphological features and ITS region sequencing. Culturing of environmental specimens was performed in the laboratory. Black fungi were isolated from a specimen from a rack and had the same morphological features with Cladosporium spp. from clinical specimens. After the rack was autoclaved, Cladosporium spp. from clinical specimens was no longer isolated. Conclusion: Epidemiological investigation, microscopic examination, and molecular analysis revealed that the sudden increase in the isolation rate of Cladosporium spp. from clinical specimens was the result of a pseudo-outbreak caused by the contamination of a rack. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a pseudo-outbreak of Cladosporium spp. Continuous monitoring of culture results is important to avoid unnecessary labor for nosocomial infection control.
16S rRNA 및 Internal Transcribed Spacer 염기서열 분석법을 이용한 세균 및 진균 동정
용동은,정석훈,이경원,박윤희,신희봉,김창기,노경호,염종화 대한임상미생물학회 2010 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.13 No.1
Background: Accurate and rapid identification of pathogens is one of the most important tasks of the clinical microbiology laboratory, and, in cases of rare pathogens, the identification is difficult and time-consuming upon the use of conventional methods alone. Herein, we will report our molecular work involving the identification of bacteria and fungi. Methods: Sixty bacterial isolates had been collected from November 2004 to May 2007, and 15 fungal isolates had been collected from September 2005 to May 2007. Species identifications were performed using sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA region of bacteria and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of fungi. The data were compared with those of GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) or EMBL (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/). Results: Sixty bacterial isolates included: 23 isolates with genus information (group 1), 17 isolates (group 2) that were too fastidious for genus or species identification,16 isolates (group 3) with results from identification kits having low confidence, and 4 isolates (group 4) with odd antibiograms according to the species. In 58 of 60 isolates, identification of the genus or species could be obtained using molecular genetic methods. Thirty-eight isolates (63%) and 20(33%) of 58 isolates could be identified at the species and genus levels, repectively. Among the total of 15 fungal isolates, 11 (73%) and 4 (27%) isolates were identified at the species and genus levels,respectively. Conclusion: 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing analyses are very useful for identifying the species or genus of a pathogenic microorganism in the clinical microbiology laboratory. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2010;13:34-39)
화학발광자동면역분석기 Vitros Eci? 를 이용한 TSH, Free Triiodothyronine, Free Thyroxine 및 Estradiol 검사 평가
용동은,선영규,이건수,김정호,권오헌 대한진단검사의학회 2002 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.22 No.2
배경 : 임상 검사실에서는 자동화 및 간편성의 요구가 커지는한편 정확도, 민감도 및 직선성이 우수한 검사 방법이 요구된다.
국내 대학병원 환자의 호흡기 검체에서 분리된 세균에 대한 Gatifloxacin의 시험관내 항균력
용동은,이경원,김성규,정윤섭,이일섭,김명숙,김신영 대한감염학회 2004 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.36 No.2
Background:Gatifloxacin, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, has a broad-spectrum activity with expanded potency against respiratory pathogens. In this study, we examined the in vitro activity of gatifloxacin and comparators against recently isolated bacteria from respiratory specimens of patients in Korean hospitals. Methods:Forty-nine isolates were from respiratory specimens of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic lower respiratory infections in eight university hospitals and 108 isolates were from respiratory specimens from patients of Yonsei University Hospital. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by NCCLS agar dilution method. Results:MIC90 of gatifloxacin for Streptococcus pneumoniae was 1 µg/mL, which was 8-fold and 2-fold lower than those of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, respectively. All strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis were inhibited by ≤0.06 µg/mL and ≤0.25 µg/mL of gatifloxacin, respectively, and were susceptible to all fluoroquinolones tested. MIC90 of gatifloxacin for Klebsiella pneumoniae was 0.06 µg/mL, which was 2-fold lower than those of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Conclusion:Gatifloxacin is highly active against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. (B.) catarrhalis isolated from respiratory specimens of patients of university hospitals in Korea. 목 적 : 새로 개발된 8-methoxyquinolone인 gatifloxacin은 호흡기 감염균을 포함한 광범위 세균에 항균력을 보인다. 본 연구에서 저자들은 gatifloxacin과 비교약제의 시험관내 항균력을 최근 우리나라 환자의 호흡기에서 분리된 세균에 대하여 시험하였다. 방 법 : 본 저자들은 2000-2001년에 국내 8개 대학병원에서 만성 하부기도 감염증이 급성 악화된 환자의 호흡기 검체에서 분리된 세균 49주와 연세의대 병원 환자의 호흡기 검체에서 분리된 병원균 108균주를 대상으로 하였다. 항균제 최소억제 농도는 NCCLS 한천희석법으로 시험하였다. 결 과 : Streptococcus pneumoniae에 대한 gatifloxacin의 MIC90는 1 g/mL로서 ciprofloxacin과 levofloxacin의 MIC90보다 각각 8배와 2배 낮았다. Haemophilus influenzae와 Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis는 각각 gatifloxacin ≤0.06 g/mL와 ≤0.25 g/mL에서 억제되었고 시험한 fluoroquinolones제에 모두 감수성이었다. Klebsiella pneumoniae에 대한 gatifloxacin의 MIC90는 0.06 g/mL으로 levofloxacin과 moxifloxacin의 MIC90보다 2배 낮았다. 결 론:Gatifloxacin은 국내 환자의 호흡기병원에서 분리된 세균인 S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae 및 M. (B.) catarrhalis에 대한 시험관내 항균력이 우수하였다.
Metallo-β-lactamase 생성 그람음성 간균
용동은 대한임상미생물학회 2009 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.12 No.3
Among gram-negative bacteria, rate of antibiotic resistance has been increasing. As a result, carbapenem is now considered as a last resort of therapeutic regimens for gram-negative bacterial infections. The choice of antibiotics has been impeded by the spread of organisms producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBL), which can confer resistance to nearly all β-lactams. MBLs have extremely diverse structures and are carried by various organisms including human pathogens. This review will focus on the classification and current status of MBL reported in Korea.