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심재환,박근조,김원기 한국환경농학회 1988 한국환경농학회지 Vol.7 No.2
大湖 防潮堤 築造 後 淡水湖의 水質을 調査하여 염농도 및 일반수질변화가 관개용수원에 미치는 영향을 糾明하고자 '84年 에서 '88年 5月 까지의 調査結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 大湖 淡水湖의 水溫分布는 암거탄구 設置地點인 -14m 상부에는 季節變化에 따른 氣溫의 영향으로 變化(6-25℃)가 많았으며, 암거탄구 이하에서는 11.9℃로 年中 變化가 없었다. 2. 防潮堤 앞 제일 깊은곳의 年度別 수질변화는 pH7.6 ECl6,800-1,472μm hos/㎝, DO 9.2-10.8ppm, BOD 1.3-2.5ppm, COD 2.4-5.3ppm, T-N 0.22-2.29pp, T-P는 0.01-0.10ppm을 나타내었다. 3. 大湖 淡水層의 평균 수질성적('88년)은 pH 7.6, EC1,745um hos/㎝, DO 10.8ppm, BOD 1.8pp, COD 2.4pp, T-N 0.52ppm, T-P 0.05ppm으로 全 地點에서 비슷한 傾向이었다. 4. 淡水層(6m)에서의 鹽度變化는 締切 前 29,000ppm에서 '84年 3月 11,000ppm '85年 3月 4,300ppm,'86年, '87年 3月에는 2,000ppm, '88년 3月에는 900ppm 까지 낮아졌다. 湖內 平均 鹽度 29,000ppm 정도에 서 '88年 3月 1,200ppm 까지 낮아졌다. 또한 암거탄구 상부의 평균염도('87年)는 1,300ppm 정도였으며, 탄구아래는 海水와 같은 30,000ppm정도였다. 5. 淡水層에서 가장 높은 염도를 나타낸 地點은 防潮堤 앞 부근이며,'84年에는 5,835ppm 이었다. 6. 調査時期別 鹽度變化는 갈수기인 '87年 5月 2,000ppm에서 홍수기 후 8月 800ppm, 풍수기인 9月에는 485ppm까지 낮아졌다. 7. 鹽分躍層 깊이는 암거탄구 地點인 -l4m까지 維持되어 淡水湖化가 進行되었다. 그러므로 大湖 淡水層의 수질은 農業用水源으로는 큰 문제가 없으며, 삽교호로부터 除鹽用水의 供給도 불필요할 것으로 사료된다. This study was designed to find out whether the water quality of Lake Daeho would be suitable for Sgricultural purposes during 1984-1988 perird. Thr results were as follows ; 1. There was an apparent seasonal temperature fluctuation(6-25℃) above the entrance of the culvert at the depth of 14m, but the temperature below remained constant at 11,9℃. 2. The yearly water qualities observed at the deepest site by the seadike were 7.4-7.5 pH, 16,800-1,472 umhos/cm EC, 9.2-10.8ppm DO, 1.3-2.5ppm DOD, 2.4-5.3ppm COD. 0.22-2.29ppm T-N, 0.01-0.l0ppm T-P. 3. The average values of water qualities at the epilimnion in 1988 were 7.6 pH, 1,745umhos/cm EC, 10.8ppm DO, 1.8ppm DOD, 2.4ppm COD, 0.52ppm T-N, 0.05ppm T-P. 4. The salinity of the epilimnion at a 6m depth was 29,000ppm before the final closure of the seadike. It was 11,000 ppm in March 1984, 4,300ppm in March 1985, 2,000ppm in March 1986 and 1987, and 900ppm in March 1988. The salinity of the whole water column decreased from 29.000ppm to 1,200 ppm in March 1988. The average salinity above and below the culvert in 1987 was about 1,300ppm, and 30,000ppm respectively reaching that of seawater. 5. The highest salinity was observed at the epilimnion by the seadike, showing about 5,835ppm in 1984. 6. The seasonal salinity fluctuation was 2,000ppm in May, 800ppm in October, and 485ppm in September 1987. 7. The halocline was observed at the depth of 14m where the entrance of the culvert was located. Therefore, the epilimnion water is suitable for agricultural purposes, and the intake of water from Lake Sapkyo seems to be unnecessary.
심재환,Sim, Jae-Hwan 한국전자통신학회 2013 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.1
The USB-IF has specified a Wireless USB (WUSB) protocol based on UWB for high speed wireless home networks and WPANs. In this paper, firstly, performance degradation due to the Private Distributed Reservation Protocol (DRP) conflict problem caused by devices' mobility is analyzed. And a novel relay transmission protocol combined with Private DRP conflict resolution is proposed to overcome the performance degradation at Private DRP conflicts. In order to give the loser device due to Private DRP conflicts another chance to maintain resources, the proposed relay transmission protocol executed at each device helps the loser device reserve another indirect link maintaining the required resources via a relay node. 본 논문에서는 UWB 기술 기반 무선 USB(WUSB) 프로토콜에서, 디바이스들의 이동성으로 인해 발생하는 Private Distributed Reservation Protocol (DRP) 예약 충돌 현상을 분석한다. 그리고 Private DRP 예약 충돌시 발생하는 성능 저하를 감소시키기 위해 Private DRP 릴레이 통신 기술을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 Private DRP 릴레이 통신 프로토콜은 충돌대상 디바이스에게 예약된 자원을 유지할 수 있도록 Direct Link 뿐만 아니라, Private DRP 예약 충돌 시 릴레이 노드를 경유하여 또 다른 Indirect Link 링크를 빠르게 예약할 수 있는 분산적인 자원 예약 프로토콜을 제안한다.
The effects of different loading doses of dexmedetomidine on sedation
심재환,유현정,김상태 대한마취통증의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.67 No.1
Background: Dexmedetomidine is a useful sedative drug with various uses. We designed this study to investigate the clinical effects and complications of different loading doses, 0.5 and 1.0 μg/kg. Methods: Forty six patients, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II, who required elective and emergency operation under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to group L or group H. Group L received a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg for 10 minutes while group H received 1.0 μg/kg. Bispectral index (BIS), systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and Ramsay score were recorded at T0 (before loading), TL (just after loading) and T10, 20, 30 (10, 20, 30 minutes after TL). Complications, drug use, lowest BIS and time to reach BIS 80 after termination of dexmedetomidine were recorded during this study. Results: In group H, BIS value decreased significantly after TL compared to the baseline (T0), while in group L after T10. Between two groups, BIS values showed a significant differences only at T10, BIS of group H was lower than that of group L. Ramsay score showed no significant differences except in TL; the score of group L was significantly lower than that of group H. Other vital signs and complications showed a minimal differences between two groups. Conclusions: Higher loading dose (1.0 μg/kg) of dexmedetomidine can lead to faster sedation without any severe complications.