http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
두경부 환자의 VMAT 시 체형변화와 환자 정렬과의 상관관계 고찰
서세정,김태우,최민호,손종기,Seo, Se Jeong,Kim, Tae Woo,Choi, Min Ho,Son, Jong Gi 대한방사선치료학회 2017 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.29 No.2
목 적: 두경부 환자가 입체적 세기변조 회전 방사선치료 시 변화하는 체형과 환자 정열 상태를 조사하고 그에 따라 치료 시 발생하는 선량분포의 변화와 적절한 재 CT 모의치료의 필요성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 근치적 목적으로 방사선 치료를 시행한 두경부암 89명에 대해 입체적 세기변조 방사선치료계획을 수립하고 치료 기간 동안의 체중을 측정하였다. 그 중 10명의 환자에 대하여 체형변화를 평가하였다. ARIA software(Offline review)를 이용하여 ramus, chin, posterior neck, clavicle 등의 landmark를 지정한 후 skin까지의 거리를 측정하여 차이를 분석하였다. 결 과: 남성 60명을 대상으로 치료시행 $17{\pm}4$회에서 re-CT 모의치료를 시행한 결과 체중 감소율이 $-6.47{\pm}3.5%$로 나타났으며, 여성 29명은 경우는 $17{\pm}5$회에서 체중 감소율이 $-5.73{\pm}2.7%$로 나타났다. 피부위축(Skin shrinkage) 변화를 관찰한 결과 대표 landmark에서의 표준편차는 C1(${\pm}0.44cm$), C3(${\pm}0.83cm$), C5(${\pm}1.35cm$)로서 0.5 kg 감소 당 약 1 mm shrinkage 발생함을 알 수 있었다. 치료 횟수에 따른 피부위축은 1~4 fx (변화 없음), 5~13 fx (-2 mm), 14~22 fx(-4 mm), 23~30 fx(-6 mm)로 나타났다. 결 론: 체형이 약 5 mm 변화하게 되면 중심부 선량은 약 3 % 이상 차이나기 시작하게 되므로 적응증치료에 필요한 CT 모의치료를 추가로 진행하여야만 한다. 또한 적극적으로 lower neck의 CT 모의치료 방법 및 set up 방법에 관하여 연구하고 새로운 고정용구(Immobilization device)의 사용도 검토할 필요가 있다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of body shape and the patient alignment state during image-guided volumetric modulated arc therapy in head and neck cancer patients, Materials and Methods: We performed a image-guided volumetric modulated arc therapy plan for 89 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent curative radiotherapy. Ten of them were evaluated for set up error. The landmarks of the ramus, chin, posterior neck, and clavicle were specified using ARIA software (Offline review), and the positional difference was analyzed. Results: The re-CT simulation therapy was performed in 60 men with $17{\pm}4$ cycles of treatment. The weight loss rate was $-6.47{\pm}3.5%$. 29 women performed re-CT simulation at $17{\pm}5$ cycles As a result, weight loss rate was $-5.73{\pm}2.7%$. The distance from skin to C1, C3, and C5 was measured, and both clavicle levels were observed to measure the skin shrinkage changes. The skin shrinkage standard deviations were C1 (${\pm}0.44cm$), C3 (${\pm}0.83cm$), and C5 (${\pm}1.35cm$), which is about 1 mm shrinkage per 0.5 kg reduction. Skin shrinkage according to the number of treatments was 1 ~ 4 fractions (no change), 5 ~ 13 fractions (-2 mm), 14 ~ 22 fractions (-4 mm) and 23 ~ 30 fractions (-6 mm). Conclusion: When the body shape changes about 5 mm, the central dose starts to differ about 3 % or more. Therefore, the CT simulation treatment for the adaptive therapy should be additionally performed. In addition, it is necessary to actively study the CT simulation therapy method and set up method of the lower neck and to examine the use of a new immobilization device.
한국어교재 지시문 분석- 교재 수준별 지시문의 어휘적, 통사적 특징 분석 -
서세정 한국언어문화교육학회 2012 언어와 문화 Vol.8 No.2
The main purpose of this study is to diagnose validity and effectiveness of directive sentence in Korean textbook for foreign learner using the corpus-based approach. It evaluates directive sentences according to textbook's level by three criteria such as structural complexity, variations of grammatical forms and words, and validity of using grammatical forms and words fit to the certain level. In structural complexity diagnosis, frequencies in use of words, clauses per directive sentence which are shown in every sentence are measured in an assumption that the level of textbook became higher; the complexity of directive sentence is higher. In variations in words and expressions diagnosis, the cumulative frequencies in use of various forms are evaluated in directive sentence. In validity of using words and expressions of communication diagnosis, it will be investigated whether the directive sentence are constructed with words and expressions which are studied and understandable, by comparing with the list of words and expressions of the textbooks. It may be expected that the result of this study can be utilized in developing textbook and language proficiency test such as TOPIK.
한국어 학습자의 숙달도별 연결어미 정확도 변이 양상 연구
서세정,어지혜 국제한국어교육학회 2011 한국어 교육 Vol.22 No.1
The aim of this study is to investigate the variation aspects of connective ending accuracy by analyzing connective ending errors in writing materials made by Korean learners. This study thus first clarifies the definition of error, and then while focusing on connective ending errors for analysis, it classifies these errors by type and calculates error rates. The analysis materials are categorized into Chinese, Japanese, Russian, and Western by the language area of learners and also by level of Korean proficiency. Using the interlanguage-based approach, this study illustrates the types and rates of learners’ connective ending errors from a perspective not attempted in previous research. In this paper, connective ending error rates are measured using two criteria: ‘UC’ (Used Connective ending) for grammaticality and ‘TC’ (Target Connective ending) for meaningfulness.