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백승환 서강대학교 철학연구소 2023 철학논집 Vol.74 No.-
The aim of this paper lies in examining the significance and limits of the Anticipations of Perception from Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason (A166~176 / B207~218), based on their details gone through. Kant there presents a series of arguments showing that the very material character of representations is intensive magnitude, but some exegetical work is needed basically because the arguments are difficult to fathom and complex. The discussion will proceed as follows. Firstly, I give a schematic approach of this paper to the structure of the Anticipations of Perception. Secondly, I divide the key argument into four distinct and consecutive steps and analyze each of them thoroughly. Thirdly, I wish to focus on three systematic problems among others: the confused use of the concepts of sensation and object, the difficulty in specifying to which kind of representations intensive magnitude belongs, and an empirical threat to the material continuity thesis. Fourthly, I close this paper by suggesting that Kant’s system of Critical Philosophy is forced by its internal dynamics to give up much of its radical purism continually in response to them. 본고의 목표는 칸트의 『순수이성비판』 내의 <지각의 예취들> 절(A166~176 / B207~218)을 살펴 검토한 후에 그것이 갖는 의의와 한계를 밝히는 것이다. 칸트는 여기에서 표상의 질적 성격을 밀도적 크기로 보면서 일련의 복잡한 논증을 꾸미는데 그것의 독해에는 상당한 해석적 노력이 수반된다. 따라서 우선 필자는, 첫째, 칸트의 사유에 대해 일관된 접근을 기도하는 본고의 커다란 얼개를 제시한다. 다음으로 칸트의 핵심 논증을 재구성해 구분된 네 단계로 보이면서 각 단계들에 논설을 더할 것이다. 셋째, 그렇게 구조화된 논증에 내재하는 체계 내적 어려움들 가운데 특히 중요한 세 가지를 살필 것이다: ‘감각 및 대상’ 개념 사용의 혼란, 밀도적 크기가 귀속되는 표상의 불일치, 표상의 질료적 연속성에 스며든 경험성. 그리고 마지막으로 이러한 문제들을 떨쳐 내는 과정에서 칸트의 비판철학 체계가 시나브로 기존의 극단적 순수주의 기조를 상당히 포기하는 새로운 모습으로 실제로 나타나는 것임을 지적한다.
미각 장애 환자 5례를 대상으로 한 대한 한방 치료의 효과
백승환,김진성,장승원,손지영,최제인,한성준,이엄지,류봉하,Baek, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Jin-Sung,Jang, Seung-Won,Son, Ji-Yeong,Choi, Jane,Han, Seong-Jun,Lee, Eom-Jee,Ryu, Bong-Ha 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the effect of traditional Korean medical therapy such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture and herbal medicine in taste disorder patients. Methods: We surveyed 5 taste disorder patients visiting the Oral Diseases Clinic in the Kyung Hee University Oriental Medicine Hospital from January, 2014 to June, 2014. Before starting traditional Korean medical therapy such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture and herbal medicine, the subjects were evaluated on severity of discomfort using visual analogue scale (VAS), salivary flow rate (SFR), quality of life about oral health (based on the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile-14) and qi-stagnation condition (based on the 23-item qi-stagnation Questionnaire). Visual analogue scale was re-evaluated during the treatment period. Results: There was no relationship between diminished SFR and severity of discomfort. Also change or loss of taste did not influence the quality of life about oral health. However, stress which refers to qi-stagnation could be one of the reasons taste disorder occurs. After receiving traditional Korean medical therapy, all 5 patients' visual analogue scale score decreased. Conclusions: Traditional Korean medical therapy may potentially be an option for taste disorder. Further evaluations including pre-post comparison with larger number of cases will be needed in the future.
백승환 서양근대철학회 2024 근대철학 Vol.23 No.-
본고는 오늘날의 철학적 화두인 인공지능 문제를 계산주의자들과 연결주의 자들이 어떻게 상반되게 다루는 것인지를 검토한 후에 칸트의 건축술적 방 법론에 기초해서 양자의 유의미한 절충을 기도한다. 첫째, 필자는 서양근대 철학사에서 완전히 반대됐던 두 입장들인 이성주의와 경험주의가 계산주의 와 연결주의가 형성하는 긴장에 드러나고 있음에 주목하여, 비판기 칸트의 사유가 이성주의와 경험주의의 절충에서 실효를 보였듯이 크게 다르지 않 게 계산주의와 연결주의의 절충에도 실효를 보일 것임을 주장한다. 둘째, 필자는 특히 양자에 공유되는 체계성과 조합성을 중심으로 삼아서 실제로 계산주의와 연결주의가 맞서는 상황을 단계별로 꼼꼼히 검토한다. 셋째, 칸 트의 비판철학적 통찰을 구현하는 방법론인 건축술이 경험의 가능성 개념 을 통해 어떻게 계산주의적 독단주의와 연결주의적 회의주의를 떨치는 길 을 열 수 있는 것인지에 대해 논설한다. 넷째, 칸트의 비판철학 체계가 끊임없이 변화를 겪는 역동적 모습에 필자는 시선을 두고서 결국 표준화된 계산주의 대 연결주의 논의에서 비판기 칸트의 사유에 의해 새겨질 의의와 한계를 음미하는 것으로 논의를 끝맺는다. This paper aims to explore how computationalists and connectionists convey their opposing views about today’s important philosophical topic A.I. and then to come up with a feasible compromise between them by referring to Kant’s architectonic methodology. Firstly, from the fact that rationalism and empiricism run directly counter to each other in the history of modern western philosophy, and the fact that the conflict between them has been mirrored in the conflict between computationalism and connectionism, I argue that the critical Kant’s thinking would be effective in the treatment of the latter (computationalism versus connectionism) conflict, as already quite effective in the treatment of the former (rationalism versus empiricism) conflict. Secondly, I address it concretely in a step-by-step way with a particular emphasis on ‘systematicity’ and ‘compositionality’, both of which are shared by the two parties. Thirdly, I show how Kant’s architectonic methodology, supposed to embody his critical-philosophical insight, with its very key term the ‘possibility of experience’, can prepare the ground for overcoming the pitfalls of both computationalist dogmatism and connectionist skepticism. Fourthly, I close this paper by seeking to appraise what contributions the dynamics of Kant’s critical-philosophical system does make to the future discussion of computationalism versus connectionism.
백승환 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1990 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.23 No.3
We experienced thymolipoma which is a rare benign mediastinal tumor, an admixture of atrophic thymic tissue and matured adipose tissue. The patient was, 13 years old boy, admitted due to anterior mediastinal mass on routine chest X-ray and complained of mild exertional dyspnea. The physical examination revealed percussion dullness, decreased breathing sound at right anterior hemithorax. The chest PA and lateral views showed both paracardiac mass density and obliteration of retrosternal clear space. The chest CT Scan showed tubular structure containing of thymic tissue and enhanced fatty tissue, suggested thymolipoma. Operation was performed under the impression of thymolipoma. Through median sternotomy, the huge mass was resected. Grossly, the mass was yellowish fatty colored, measured 15X12X10cm, weighed 600gm. Light microscopic examination showed that thymic tissue containing of Hassal`s corpuscles were surrounded by matured adipose tissue, as the characteristic finding of thymolipoma. The postoperative course was uneventful.
사용자 안전요소를 고려한 상지 재활치료용 2축 델타로봇 개발
백승환,이준식 한국산업융합학회 2023 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.1
In this study, an end-effector robot which is a two-axis delta robot type for upper-limb rehabilitation is designed. It is not only rehabilitation functions that has designed robot but also mechanical and electrical safety devices were constructed to ensure patient safety. By constructing the two-axis delta robot is combined with an LM guide, the operating range and rigidity required for rehabilitation were secured. The electrical safety system which is required for the medical robot was designed, and a safety strategy was established to ensure patient safety and it is applied in the integrated safety circuit. The safety is considered in whole design process from the robot's mechanical design to the electric control unit.