경피신경 자극과 미세전류신경근 자극이 β-endorphin 과 동통역치에 미치는 영향

김형남,박래준 대한물리치료학회 1997 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the amount of β-endorphin and pain threshold according to time sequences in applying experimented TENS and MENS(pre treatment, posttreatment, 25 minutes after the treatment). This test was to aim it showing the effects of the experimental β-endorphin and pain threshold applied to the randomly selected twenty healthy then in their twenties, The subjects were divided into two group(ten for TENS and the other ten MENS). The results obtained are as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in the β-endorphin between TENS and MENS(p$gt;0.05). There was no difference in the pain threshold at pretreatment and posttreatment(p$gt;0.05), but there was some difference at 25 minutes after the treatment(p$lt;0.05). 2. The group of TENS in the experimental β-endorphin had the highest level of 14.40±3.098 at posttreatment, but the level decreased a little according to time passed. And in the experimental pain threshold, the level went to the highest plateau of 2.92±0.483 at 25 minutes after the treatment. 3. The group of MENS in the experimental β-endorphin had the highest plateau of 14.20±3.967 at posttreatment, but the level decreased a bit according to time passed also. And in the experimental pain threshold, the level went to the highest plateau of 2.49±0.617 at posttreatment. 4. There were some differences of the experimental β-endorphin in TENS group at pretreatment and posttreatment(p$lt;0.05). There were some differences in the experimental pain threshold between pretreatment and posttreatment as well as between pretreatment and 25 minutes after the treatment(p$lt;0.05). MENS did not influence the experimental β-endorphin and pain threshold. This experiment showed that TENS increased the levels of the experimental β-endorphin at posttreatment and increased the levels of the experimental pain threshold untill 25 minutes after the treatment. Therefore, the time of sustaining pain in TENS group was longer than that of MENS group. Also, MENS showed hat it increased each level of to experimental β-endorphin and threshold, but these levels were not statistically meaningful.

비탈형 영구거푸집의 시공성능과 경제성 평가에 관한 실험적 연구 ( An Experimental Study on the Mock-up Efficacy and the Economic Evaluation of The Permanent Form in the Site )

김형남,김우재,김성식,정상진 대한건축학회 1999 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.15 No.4

접착층의 두께가 용사 열차폐 코팅의 열응력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김형남 대한용접접합학회 2001 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Based on the principle of complementary energy, an analytical method is developed which focuses on the end effects for determining thermal stress distributions in a three-layered beam. This method gives the stress distributions which completely satisfy the stress-free boundary conditions. A numerical example is given in order to verify this method. The results show that the present analytical solutions have the values of stress in excellent agreement with the solutions derived by other investigators. Using this method, the effects of the thickness of bond coat on the thermal stresses of a typical sprayed thermal barrier coating, which consists of IN738LC substrate, MCrAIY bond coat and ZrO$_2$-8wt%Y$_2$O$_3$top coat, were investigated.

다층보 자유단 부위의 열응력

김형남,김영호,Kim Hyung-Nam,Kim Young-Ho 대한용접접합학회 2005 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.23 No.1

An analytical method for determining the thermal stress distributions in a 3-layered beam is developed, which is focused on the end effects. This method gives the stress distributions which satisfy the stress-free boundary condition at the end completely. For verification of the method, a numerical example which was introduced by other researchers is treated. The stress distributions agree with the results of other researchers. The results show that the show and peeling stresses at the interfaces are significant near the edge and become negligible in the interior region.

클래딩 자유단의 열응력 해석

김형남,최성남,장기상 대한용접접합학회 2000 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Based on the principle of complementary energy, an analytical method is developed which focused on the end effects for determining thermal stress distributions in the clad beam. This method gives the stress distributions which completely satisfy the stress-free boundary condition at the edge. Numerical results shows that shear and peeling stress at the interface between the substrate and clad are significant near the edge and become negligible in the interior region. Even thought the relative location where the maximum or minimum stresses take place moves to interior as the length of the beam becomes smaller, the absolute location from the free end and the value of these stresses are the same in spite of the variation of the length of beam.

요막관 낭종성 종물로 오인된 폐흉충증 이소기생 1례

김형남,권동득,오봉렬,류수방,박양일,정용연,강형근 大韓泌尿器科學會 1998 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.39 No.4

사관학교 체육활동 지도자와 생도의 상호작용이 지도자 신뢰 및 운동성과에 미치는 영향

김형남,남광우 한국스포츠학회 2018 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 사관학교 체육활동 지도자와 생도의 상호작용과 지도자 신뢰 및 운동성과의 관계를 실증적으로 분석 하는 데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 위해 본 연구에서는 육군사관학교와 해군사관학교에서 체육활동에 참가하는 생도를 모집단으로 총 270명의 표본을 추출하였으며, 최종 분석에는 총 250명의 자료를 사용하였다. 분석에는 통계프 로그램인 SPSS 23.0을 이용하여 연구목적에 따라 빈도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관관계분석, 표준중다회 귀분석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 체육활동 지도자와 생도의 상호작용은 지도자 신뢰에 통계적으 로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 체육활동 지도자와 생도의 상호작용은 운동성과에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 체육활동 참여 사관생도가 지각한 지도자의 신뢰는 운동성과에 통계적으 로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interaction between physical education activity leader and cadets in military and naval academy on the leader trust and athletic performance. Questionnaires was distributed in Korea Military and Naval Academy from December 4, 2017 to April 13, 2018. Data analysis was processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program to draw frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. 250 questionnaires was used as a final analysis. The analysis results were as following. First, interaction between leader and cadet had a significant influence on leader trust. Second, interaction between leader and cadet had a significant influence on athletic performance. Third, leader trust had a significant influence on athletic performance.

비탈형 영구거푸집의 개발을 위한 품질평가에 관한 연구 ( A Study on the Quality Evaluation of Permanent Form )

김형남,김우재,김성식,김영희,정상진 대한건축학회 1999 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.15 No.11

도민의식 함양과 선진화 과제

김형남 전북대학교 지방자치연구소 1999 지방자치연구 Vol.7 No.-

제주도 개신교 교회건축의 입면 특성 연구 - 1950~1970년대를 중심으로 -

김형남,신석하 대한건축학회지회연합회 2019 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.21 No.1

In Jeju Island, Protestant churches have begun to be built mainly in coastal villages where people are crowded and traffic is convenient. The time for the establishment of a church and the construction of a church in the mid-mountain villages where access is difficult is late. The protestant church in Jeju Island rented a private house or warehouse when it was founded, and later built a church with a building in Choga(草家), Waga(瓦家) and stone. Especially, in the 1970s, cement brick or block church was built mainly, and in particular, the church began to be built with reinforced concrete. There are currently about 30 Protestant churches in Jeju Island, which were built in the 1950s and 1970s, and about 10 Catholic buildings(the Secondary Stations of Catholic church) at the same time remain. There is also a church that has a the reinforcing post for structural stability, resulting in a solid feel and a face-shaped split effect as well as a structural role. In the 1950s and 1970s, the Protestant Church in Jeju Island had the value of architectural history in connection with the dissemination of Protestants in the early Jeju. 제주도에서 개신교 교회당은 인구가 많고 교통이 편리한 해안마을에 주로 세워지기 시작하였으며, 접근성이 어려운 중산간마을은 교회 설립과 교회당 신축 시기가 늦었다. 제주도 개신교 교회는 설립 당시 개인주택이나 창고를 빌려서 예배를 드렸으며, 이후에 초가나 와가 그리고 석조 건물로 교회당을 신축하였다. 특히 1970년대가 되면 시멘트벽돌이나 블록조 교회당이 주로 건축되며, 특히 철근콘크리트조로 교회당이 건축되기 시작한다. 1950년대에서 1970년대에 건축된 제주도 개신교 교회는 현재 약 30여개 정도 남아 있으며, 같은 시기의 천주교 공소 건물 또한 10여개 정도 남아 있다. 조적조 교회당의 구조적인 안정성을 위해 측면에 돌출된 덧기둥을 설치한 교회도 있는데, 결과적으로 구조적 역할뿐만 아니라 견고한 느낌과 입면 형태의 분절효과를 나타내고 있다. 1950년대에서 1970년대 제주도 개신교 교회는 초기 제주지역의 개신교 전파와 연계하여 그 건축적인 특성을 간직하고 있기 때문에 건축 역사적인 가치가 있다.