하악 영구치아의 발육과 연령과의 관계 및 치아 발육에 따른 치아의 위치 변화

김현미,양승덕,김현정,김영진,남순현,Kim, Hyun-Mi,Yang, Seung-Duck,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun 대한소아치과학회 2002 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

연령과 치아 발육상태 단계와의 상관관계, 치아의 발육에 따른 치아의 이동상태를 평가하기 위하여 최근 5년 이내에 경북대학교 병원에 내원한 아동(남아 446명, 여아 326명)의 파노라마 방사선사진을 대상으로 하여, Moorrees의 기준에 의하여 하악 영구치아의 발육단계를 평가한 후, 발육단계와 연령, 치조골내 치아의 위치를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 치아의 발육시기는 치관이 완료될 때까지 남, 여의 차이가 없었으나, 치근형성이 되면서 부터는 남아보다 여아에서 더 빨리 발육되는 경향을 나타내었다. 치관형성의 완료시점의 평균연령은 남아 여아 각각에서 중절치 3.71, 4.05세, 측절치 4.44, 4.60세, 견치 5.35, 5.11세, 제1소구치 6.62, 6.36세, 제2소구치 7.36, 7.17세, 제1대구치 3.51, 3.69세, 제2대구치 7.90, 7.64세 이었고, 치근단이 폐쇄되기 전단계인 $A_{1/2}$는 중절치 8.70, 8.18세, 측절치 9.55, 8.99세, 견치 12.48, 11.60세, 제1소구치 12.30, 12.01세, 제2소구치 12.19, 12.26세, 제1대구치 912, 8.87세, 제2대구치 12.59, 12.45세 이었다. 치조골내의 교두점 위치는 치관형성 완료시까지는 거의 변화가 없었으나, 치근이 형성됨에 따라 빠르게 교합평면을 향해 이동하였고, 치근형성 완료단계(Rc)에서 다시 움직임 없이 정체되었다. 치근단의 위치는 치관형성 시작부터 치근 1/4 형성 시까지 일정한 위치에 유지되었으나, 그 후에 급격하게 교합면 쪽으로 이동하였고, 치근 3/4 형성시점부터 비교적 일정한 위치에 유지되었다. 치아의 석회화가 시작되는 초기의 치배 위치는 견치가 가장 하방에 위치하였으며, 그 다음이 제2소구치, 제1소구치, 측절치 제2대구치, 제1대구치 순이었고, 중절치가 가장 상방에 위치하였다. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the timing of tooth calcification and the change of tooth position with tooth developmental stage on the mandibular teeth. Seven hundred seventy two children(male:446, female:326), 3 to 12 years of age were examined radiographically with panoramic film. Dental development was determined by inspecting radiographs and assigning a rating according to consecutive stages defined by Moorrees, and tooth cusp position and root terminus position were measured from the lower border of mandibular body and calculated the position index to evaluate the movement of tooth with developmental stage. The results were as follows. 1. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in the timing of calcification until crown completion, but timing of calcification tend to be faster in girls than in boys after root initiation stage. 2. In terms of mean age, crown completion of central incisor in boys and girls occurred at the age of 3.71, 4.05 years, at 4.44, 4.60 years for the lateral incisor, at 5.35, 5.11 years for the canine, at 6.62, 6.36 years for the first premolar, at 7.36, 7.17 years of second premolar, at 3.51, 3.69 years of first molar, and at 7.90, 7.64 years for the second molar respectively. Apex 1/2 closed stage of central incisor occurred at the age of 8.70 in boys, 8.18 in girls, at 9.55, 8.99 years for the lateral incisor, at 12.48, 11.60 years for the canine, at 12.30, 12.01 years for the first premolar, at 12.19, 12.26 years of second premolar, at 9.12, 8.87 years of first molar, and at 12.59, 12.45 years for the second molar respectively. 3. There was no noticeable movement of cusp tip until crown completion (Crc), but showed rapid movement toward occlusion plane after root initiation(Ri) and again maintain stable position after root completion stage(Rc). 4. Root terminus position was stable until root 1/4 formation stage(R1/4), followed by rapid movement toward occlusal plane and was stable again after root 3/4 formation stage(R3/4). 5. Developmental stage at the time of alveolar bone penetration by cusp tip varied with each of the permanent teeth. 6. Canine tooth follicle was at the lowest position in the mandibular body during the early stage of calcification, followed by second premolar, first premolar, lateral incisor, second molar, first molar and central incisor in order.

만1세 영아반에서의 베이비사인에 관한 실행연구

김현미(Hyun Mi Kim),권귀염(Kyee Yum Kwon) 한국열린유아교육학회 2014 열린유아교육연구 Vol.19 No.4

본 연구는 실행연구를 통해 만1세 영아반에서 베이비사인 활용에 관한 어려움의 개선 및 실천 전략 그리고 교사의 내면적 변화과정을 살펴보고자 하였다· 참여교사는 총 9년의 교육경력을 가지고 있었으며 자신이 베이비사인을 사용하면서 느끼는 어려움과 문제점을 개선하고 더 나은 학급 활용을 고민하고자 본 연구에 참여하였다· 자료 수집은 총 6개월간 이루어졌으며 참여교사와의 심층면담, 참여관찰 및 협의, 문서자료 수집 등이 이루어졌다· 이 과정에서 교사가 인식한 문제 및 실천 전략은 ‘획일적인 수업에서 다양하고 재미있는 활동으로’ ‘무조건적인 집중에서 관심에 기반을 둔 집중으로’ ‘독립활동에서 교육과정과의 통합으로’ 나타났다· 이를 통해 참여교사는 수업준비의 필요성에 대해 다시 한 번 생각하는 계기가 되었고 영아의 특성을 반영한 수업의 재구성 및 가정과의 연계 강화가 이루어졌다. Using an action research method, this study investigates the process of utilizing baby signs in a class for 1-year-olds and the participant teacher``s (Ms. Kim``s) experiences. Ms. Kim, working at H daycare center in M city, willingly participated in the study. Data collection consisted of 3 in-depth interviews conducted over six months, more than 10 participatory observations, 7 discussions with the teacher. Then, using analytical induction, the collected data were categorized, analyzed, and interpreted. The findings are as follows: The focuses of the first phase are making the teacher``s baby sign activities more fun and developing diverse teaching strategies. The second phase, included the emerging problem of the teacher``s anxiety concerning the children``s concentration levels. The teacher tried to keep in mind the children``s developmental characteristics and to reflect them in the classroom practices. The third phase, integrates baby sign activities into the theme-based standardized curriculum. While experiencing this action research, the teacher experienced such important changes in her beliefs and practices as becoming more serious about preparing class activities, re-constructing her teaching methods by reflecting on the developmental characteristics of infants, and strengthening the relationships with the parents.

소아 Graves병의 임상적 고찰 : 사춘기 이전군과 사춘기군의 비교

김현미,윤주연,정민호,서병규,이병철,Kim, Hyun Mi,Yoon, Ju Yun,Jung, Min Ho,Suh, Byung Kyu,Lee, Byung Churl 대한소아청소년과학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.46 No.1

목 적 : 소아 Graves병의 진단 시 발병 연령에 따른 갑상선 기능, 임상 양상, 갑상선 항체가 및 치료 기간 등이 어떻게 다른지 알아보고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방 법 : 1989년 1월 1일부터 1995년 12월 31일까지 7년간 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원과 강남성모병원 소아과에서 Graves병으로 진단 받고 3년 이상 추적관찰이 가능하였던 환아 52명을 대상으로 Tanner의 성 성숙도를 기준으로 사춘기 이전에 발병한 군(사춘기전군)과 사춘기 시작 후 발병한 군(사춘기군)으로 나누어 갑상선 기능상태, 갑상선 항체, TSH 수용체 항체, 치료 후 갑상선 기능검사치가 정상화되는 시기 및 치료 기간 등을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) 전체 52명 중 남녀간의 성비는 1 : 12로 주로 여아에서 발병하였다. 2) 사춘기전군은 14명(남아 2명), 사춘기군은 38명(남아 2명)으로 각각 평균연령은 $7.2{\pm}0.9$세, $12.4{\pm}1.5$세이었다. 3) 치료 전 사춘기전군과 사춘기군에서 $T_3$는 $3.98{\pm}1.70$과 $3.82{\pm}1.63ng/mL$, $T_4$는 $17.49{\pm}5.56$과 $19.23{\pm}6.01{\mu}g/dL$, TSH는 $0.07{\pm}0.11$과 $0.07{\pm}0.24mIU/L$ 등으로 서로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 4) 치료 전 사춘기전군과 사춘기군에서 AMA 양성률은 85%와 89%이었고, 평균 항체가는 사춘기군이 사춘기전군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). ATA 양성율은 각각 57.1%와 72.2%였으나 평균 항체가의 차이는 없었으며 TBII의 양성율은 각각 92.9%와 84.2%였고 평균 항체가는 사춘기전군에서 사춘기군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 5) 치료 후 사춘기전군과 사춘기군에서 $T_3$, $T_4$, TSH, TBII가 정상화되는 소요되는 기간은 $T_3$는 각각 $6.8{\pm}5.0$과 $5.4{\pm}13.2$개월, $T_4$는 각각 $2.3{\pm}1.9$와 $2.1{\pm}2.2$개월, TSH는 각각 $14.6{\pm}11.0$과 $6.8{\pm}7.8$개월, TBII는 각각 $26.7{\pm}24.0$과 $20.8{\pm}12.1$개월로 사춘기전군에서 TSH가 정상화되는 기간이 사춘기군보다 더 길었다(P<0.05). 두 군 모두 $T_4$, $T_3$, TSH, TBII 순으로 정상화되었다. 6) 치료 기간은 사춘기전군($53.3{\pm}19.3$개월)이 사춘기군($37.9{\pm}16.3$개월)보다 유의하게 길었다(P<0.01). 7) 약물 치료 3년 동안 관해는 사춘기전군에서 8례(57.1%), 사춘기군에서 26례(68.4%)였고 재발율은 각각 6례(75%) 및 17례(65.3%)였다. 8) Graves병의 진단 시 연령과 치료 기간 사이에는 역상관관계가 있었다(P=0.03). 결 론 : 소아에서 사춘기 이전에 발병하는 Graves병은 사춘기 이후에 발병하는 경우보다 항갑상선제 치료기간이 더 필요하다는 사실을 알 수 있었으며 앞으로 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 장기간의 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다. Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine whether differences exist in the presentation, clinical course, and outcome of Graves' disease between prepubertal children and adolescents. Methods : A retrospective chart review of 14 prepubertal(PREPUB, $7.2{\pm}0.9yr) and 38 pubertal (PUB, $12.4{\pm}1.5yr$) children with Graves' disease between January 1989 and November 1995 at St. Mary's Hospital and Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital was undertaken. Results : There were no significant differences in $T_3$, $T_4$, TSH between two the groups at diagnosis. The PUB group had significantly higher titers of antimicrosomal antibody(positive dilution factor $11,727.3{\pm}22,888.4$) than did the PREPUB group($2,111.5{\pm}2,285.0$, P<0.001). The PREPUB group had significantly higher titers of TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin(TBII, $62.5{\pm}39.6$) than did the PUB group($44.9{\pm}10.4$, P<0.05) before treatment started. The duration(months) of medical therapy before thyroid function tests were normalized was longer in the PREPUB group than in the PUB group($T_3:6.8{\pm}5.0$ vs. $5.4{\pm}13.2$, $T_4:2.3{\pm}1.9$ vs. $2.1{\pm}2.2$, $TBII:26.7{\pm}24.0$ vs. $20.8{\pm}12.1$), especially that of TSH was significantly longer in the PREPUB group($14.6{\pm}11.0$ vs. $6.8{\pm}7.8$, P< 0.05). Total length of medical therapy was significantly longer in the PREPUB group than the PUB group($52.3{\pm}19.3$ vs. $37.9{\pm}16.3months$, P<0.01). During three years of antithyroid drug therapy, in the PREPUB group, the remission rate was lower and the relapse rate was higher than in the PUB group. Total length of treatment correlated negatively with chronological age(P=0.03). Conclusion : Prepubertal children require longer medical therapy to achieve a remission than do pubertal children. But there is an obvious need for more studies because of the small number of patients and the short duration of the follow-up.

컨조인트 분석을 이용한 혼밥 소비자의 외식업체 선택속성에 관한 연구

김현미,이지현,정라나,Kim, Hyunmi,Lee, Jihyeon,Chung, Lana 한국식생활문화학회 2017 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

This study analyzed the comparative importance of the selection of a restaurant for solo diners, and suggests a solution for the ideal type of the restaurant that are appealing to solo diners using conjoint analysis techniques. A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed to consumers who had experience dining alone from June $7^{th}$, 2017 to June $14^{th}$, 2017, and 261 were completed (93.21%). As a result, the importance of the attributes of the restaurant was found to be the menu for solo diners (36.92%), price (30.29%), seating for solo diners (20.87%), and serving time of food (11.91%). The ideal combination of selection attributes was found to be having a menu for a solo diner, having a seat for a solo diner, meal service time of less than 10 minutes, and a low price of 2,500won. These results will form a database that contributes to the development of differentiated products and is building marketing strategies that can satisfy the needs of solo diners.

Isocitrate Lyase Positive Serine Pathway 의 Key Enzyme 으로서의 Isocitrate Lyase

김현미,김유삼 ( Hyun Mi Kim,Yu Sam Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1984 BMB Reports Vol.17 No.4

Isocitrate lyase as a key enzyme of isocitrate lyase positive serine pathway was purified by the combination of DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-150 gel filtration chromatography from Pseudomonas MA grown on methylamine as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. Molecular size of the enzyme was determined to be 158,000 dalton composed of four subunits, two 40,000 and two 38,000 dalton. Optimal pH for the enzyme was 7.6. Km and Vmax were 0.2 mM and 80 μmoles/min/㎎ protein, respectively. Anions, such as SO₄^(2-), NO₃^-, HPO₄^(2-), Cl^-, and CH₃COO^- were competitive inhibitors for the enzyme activity. Succinate and its analogs, malonate and itaconate, were noncompetitive inhibitors, whereas glyoxylate and oxalate were competitive inhibitors. 3-Bromopyruvate was a strong inhibitor, indicating that sulfhydryl group is localized on or near the active site of this enzyme. Phosphoenolpyruvate known as a regulatory molecule of anaplerotic glyoxylate cycle was also a noncompetitive inhibitor for this enzyme. It suggests that phosphoenolpyruvate may play regulatory role for the induced isocitrate lyase positive serine pathway.

중환자실 간호사의 외상성 사건 경험이 이직의도에 미치는 영향 : 감성지능의 조절효과

김현미,박지영,Kim, Hyunmi,Park, Jiyoung 한국중환자간호학회 2021 중환자간호학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating effects of emotional intelligence on the relationship between traumatic events and turnover intention among nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs). Method : In this predictive correlation study, the convenience sample included 133 ICU nurses. Data were collected using an online, structured self-report survey. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, an analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results : The most frequently experienced traumatic events in ICUs were "nursing patients with abnormal behavior, including shouting and delirium," "end-of-life care," and "nursing patients with a risk of disease transmission, including AIDS and tuberculosis." The moderating effect of emotional intelligence was found to be statistically significant on the relationship between traumatic events and turnover intentions (𝛽=-0.15, p =.029). Conclusion : Intervention to improve the emotional intelligence of ICU nurses can be a salient strategy to reduce turnover intention resulting from traumatic events.

소형화된 Ka-대역 주파수 합성기 모듈 설계 및 제작

김현미,양승식,이만희,염경환,Kim, Hyun-Mi,Yang, Seong-Sik,Lee, Man-Hee,Yeom, Kyung-Whan 한국전자파학회 2007 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.18 No.5

본 논문에서는 복합 소형화된 Ka-대역 주파수 합성기 모듈을 제작하였다. 본 논문을 통하여 소형화 구성시 배치 방법과 체계적인 검증 방법을 제시하였다. 제작된 주파수 합성기는 X-대역 전압 제어 발진기(VCO: Voltage Controlled Oscillator)의 주파수를 3체배하여 구성하였으며, 제작된 모듈은 500 MHz 주파수 가변 범위와 약 14 dBm의 출력 전력, 그리고 100 kHz 오프셋 주파수에서 -96.17 dBc/Hz의 위상 잡음 특성을 보여주고 있다. In this paper, we designed and fabricated a Ka-band synthesizer module. In addition, the systematic layout procedure and the test procedure were presented for the construction of compact synthesizer. To implement the Ka-band synthesizer, X-band VCO is employed as VCO and its frequency was multiplied by 3 with frequency tripler. The fabricated frequency synthesizer shows a frequency tuning range of 500 MHz, output power of about 14 dBm, and a phase noise of -96.17 dBc/Hz at the 100 kHz offset frequency.

소고기 전문식당 선택속성에 대한 소비자 선호도 연구

김현미,정라나,Kim, Hyunmi,Chung, Lana 한국식품조리과학회 2017 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: This study investigated beef restaurant's selection attributes using conjoint analysis in order to provide useful information to marketers and managers. Methods: A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed to consumers who visited a beef restaurant in August 2016, and 284 were completed (96.90%). Statistical analyses of data were performed using SPSS/Windows 22.0 for descriptive statistics and conjoint analysis. Results: The results of this study demonstrate the relative importance and level of each attribute for selecting beef restaurants. Price showed the greatest importance (34.86%), followed by origin of beef (27.52%), level of support services (25.72%), and variety of side dishes (11.90%). The optimum attribute combination was various side dishes (0.059), Korean beef (0.385), Very high service level (-0.291), and price of 8,000 won (-0.782). The most preferred beef restaurant gained 37.60% potential market share from choice simulation. There were significant differences in importance of attributes related to age of respondents. For respondents in their 20s and older than 50s, the first consideration was price. Respondents in their 30s considered the level of support services first while those in their 40s considered origin of beef first. Importance of attributes based on companion of respondents revealed that all respondents considered price first. Conclusion: This study contributes to development of marketing plans based on a customer's involvement level focusing on their primary selection criteria when choosing a beef restaurant. Additionally, marketers who manage beef restaurants can estimate the market share of imaginary beef restaurants from these results.

칼럼 & 축사 - 시대가 원하는 건축 컨텐츠를 만들어가는 데 선도적 역할 해주길

김현미,Kim, Hyeon-Mi 대한건축사협회 2019 建築士 Vol.600 No.-

기고 - 전시와 축제의 한마당으로 초대합니다

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