단파장 자외선(254nm)에 노출된 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 수지의 카르보닐 지수(CI)와 기계적 물성 변화의 관계에 관한 연구

김창환 ( Chang Hwan Kim ),신진용 ( Jin Yong Shin ) 한국공업화학회 2013 공업화학 Vol.24 No.2

This paper studied the possibility to predict a mechanical property variation from changes in created carbonyl bands by irradiating the surface of high-density polyethylene with short-wavelength ultraviolet radiation of 254nm to induce a fast chemical degradation. The meaning of this study lies in checking whether a mechanical property change with the same chemical property as the induced optical deterioration is caused by using a UVC lamp with high photon energy instead of optical deterioration via xenon arc light source and outdoor exposure test via natural sunlight requiring a long time. The mechanical strength of high-density polyethylene checked by a tensile test and a creep destruction test showed a similar tendency with CI changes. In particular, the yield strength and elongation had a close relationship with the exposure time to ultraviolet radiation. Accordingly, this paper presented a method to grasp the mechanical property change outdoors requiring a long time more fast through the relationship between the mechanical property change and the carbonyl index using a UVC lamp causing the fast surface degradation.

後鼻漏를 主訴로 한 慢性 副鼻洞炎 患者의 治驗 1例

김창환,선영재,임웅경,김현기,Kim, Chang-hwan,Sun, Young-jae,Lim, Woong-kyoung,Kim, Hyun-gi 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2003 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Paranasal sinusitis is a common disease in the otorhinolaryngology area. It is the change of inflammation at the mucous membrane which surrounds paranasal sinus. Chronic paranasal sinusitis is a chronic inflammation disease with purulent, mucous rhinorrhea, postnasal drip and cough. The attacked period continues above three months and it repeats exacerbation and remission. We diagnosed and treated an outpatient who complains postnasal drip of chronic paranasal drip of chronic paranasal sinusitis based on the Oriental medical theories and had good result.

안면신경마비에 대한 안륜근 미소안면침 증례보고

조아름,김지현,주경옥,원재선,김창환,Cho, Ah-Reum,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Chou, Ching-Yu,Won, Jae-Sun,Kim, Chang-Hwan 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2010 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Miso Facial Acupuncture on Orbicularis Oculi muscle. Methods : Two men and four women with Facial nerve palsy were recruited. Miso Facial Acupuncture on Orbicularis Oculi muscle was performed two times a week for three weeks. The effects of the treatment were evaluated by H-B scale, Y-system and clinical symptom. Results : Before treatment with Miso Facial Acupuncture, three patients showed H-B scale improvement and the other three patients had no change. and four patients showed Y-system improvement and the other two patients had no change. In six cases, the patients had improvement in clinical symptom related with Orbicularis Oculi muscle function. Conclusion : Miso Facial Acupuncture on Orbicularis Oculi muscle showed significant improvement in facial nerve palsy.

독도 화산체 정상부해역의 정밀해저지형 및 지구물리학적 특성 연구

김창환,박찬홍,이명훈,최순영,주형태,Kim, Chang Hwan,Park, Chan Hong,Lee, Myoung Hoon,Choi, Soon Young,Jou, Hyeong Tae 대한자원환경지질학회 2012 자원환경지질 Vol.45 No.6

본 연구는 현재까지 수행된 독도 화산체 정상부 해역의 정밀수심 및 지구물리 조사 자료를 종합하고 분석하여 정상부 해역의 정밀해저지형 및 지구물리학적 특성을 연구하였다. 독도 연안역 동도와 서도 사이 연결 수로는 약 10 m 이내의 얕은 수심을 이루고 있다. 독도 화산체 정상부해역의 전체적인 수심은 동도와 서도의 육지부부터 수면 아래 약 30 m 까지는 불규칙하며 급한 경사면을 가지고, 그 후 수심 약 30 m부터 수심 약 80 m 까지는 경사가 점차 낮아지다가 수심 약 80 m 이하로 완만한 경사를 보이면서 외해역으로 깊어진다. 독도 육지부와 그 북동쪽 및 북서쪽으로 연장되는 암반들은 독도를 생성시킨 화구륜의 잔해로 판단되며 동도와 서도는 화구륜의 남쪽 한부분일 가능성이 큰 것으로 생각된다. 또한 정상부 해역의 해저지형에서는 소규모의 움푹 패인 지형들이 나타나는데 이는 독도 형성 후 나중에 생성된 소규모 분화구의 흔적들로 추정된다. 독도 정상부 해역은 주로 암반이 많이 분포하지만 곳곳에서는 모래 퇴적층들도 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있다. 독도 화산체 정상부에는 계단형의 경사면들이 나타나는데 이는 제4 기에 나타난 해침, 해퇴 등 해수면변화에 의해 만들어진 해저단구로 유추되며, 지역별로 차이가 있기는 하지만 주로 약 30 m, 60 m, 80 m 및 약 100 m의 수심대를 위주로 하여 몇 개의 주요 해저단구가 나타나는 것으로 판단된다. 자기이상도 및 아날니틱신호도를 살펴보면 수면 위 독도에서 연장되는 북동 및 북서쪽의 이상대들은 화구륜의 잔해로 예상되는 암반들의 위치와 유사하게 나타난다. We studied the detailed bathymetry and the geophysical characteristics of the summit of the Dokdo volcano using mutibeam echosounding and geophysical survey data. The bathymetry around the main east and west islets of the Dokdo volcano shows very shallow within about 10 m water depth. From near islets to about 30 m b.s.l., the shallow water area has very steep slope and many irregular sunken rocks. The area from about 30 m to about 80 m b.s.l. shows gentle rises and falls, and less steep slope. The area from 80 m b.s.l. has gradually flat undulation and smooth slope seabaed and is extended to offshore. The main islets of the Dokdo volcano and the rocky sea bottom elongated from the islets might be the residual part of the eroded and collapsed main crater of the Dokdo volcano. The bathymetry and the seafloor image(from backscattering) data show small craters, assumed to be formed by the eruption of later volcanism. The seafloor images propose that, except some areas with shallow sand sedimentary deposits, there are typical rocky bottom such as rocky protrusions and lack of sediments in the main morphology of the survey area. The stepped slopes of the seabed are deduced to be submarine terraces. The several prominent submarine terraces are found at the summit of the Dokdo volcano, suggesting repetition of sea level changes(transgressions and regressions) in the Quaternary. The results of the magnetic anomaly and the analytic signal have a good coherence with other geophysical consequences regarding to the location of the residual crater.

동해 후포퇴 왕돌초 주변의 정밀해저지형 및 해저면 특성 분석

김창환,박찬홍,Kim, Chang Hwan,Park, Chan Hong 대한자원환경지질학회 2014 자원환경지질 Vol.47 No.5

동해의 주요 어장이고 레저 관광과 동해 해양환경 연구 등에서 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있는 후포퇴 왕돌초 주변해역에 대한 정밀해저지형을 분석하고, 해저면 영상 자료 및 퇴적물 입도 결과를 이용하여 해저면 특성을 분류하였다. 후포퇴는 동해의 해안선과 평행하게 나타나며 가장 수심이 얕은 지역은 후포항 동쪽에 위치하고 있는 왕돌초 지역이다. 이 왕돌초는 셋잠(북쪽), 중간잠(중간), 맞잠(남쪽)이라는 3개의 봉우리로 구성되어 있다. 세 개의 봉우리 중 가장 수심이 낮은 지역은 중간잠으로 약 6 m의 가장 얕은 수심을 보이고, 북쪽의 셋잠은 약 8 m, 남쪽의 맞잠은 약 9 m의 수심에서 가장 얕은 지역이 나타난다. 왕돌초의 세 봉우리 주변으로는 얕은 해저지형을 보이며 복잡한 지형 기복과 많은 암반들이 산재한다. 그 암반들 사이 및 북동쪽의 평탄면과 급경사면의 서쪽 주변부로는 모래질자갈/자갈질모래 등의 비교적 굵은 조립질 퇴적물이 관측된다. 왕돌초 서쪽으로는 불규칙한 지형보다는 지형 기복이 감소하고 급격한 경사면이 존재하며 후포분지와 연결되는데 이 후포분지 지역은 니질/실트질 모래류의 퇴적물이 나타난다. 왕돌초 주변의 정밀해저지형과 해저면 특성 분석자료는 향후 왕돌초 해역의 해양환경연구 및 생태계의 지속적 이용을 위한 관리에 기여할 것으로 판단된다. The Wangdol-cho area, in the Hupo Bank, plays a very important role in main fishing grounds, leisure tourism and marine environmental researches of the East Sea. We analyzed the detailed bathymetry and classified the seabed characteristics of the Wangdol-cho area, based on seafloor backscattering images and sediment grain size. The Hupo Bank is developed in parallel with the eastern coastal line of Korean peninsula, and the shallowest area (Wangdol-cho) of the Hupo Bank is located along the eastern part of Hupo Port. The Wangdol-cho comprises three summits; north summit, middle summit, and south summit. The middle summit area among the three summits has the most shallow water depth with minimum about 6 m. The north summit shows about 8 m minimum depth and the south summit about 9 m. The bathymetry data around three summits represent undulating seabeds with many scattered underwater reefs and shallow water depth. The area between the underwater reefs, the flat seafloor in the northeastern part of the survey site, and the western steep slope area have relatively coarse sediments such as sandy gravel and gravelly sand. The bathymetry in the western side of the Wangdol-cho shows steep slope seabed, extending to the Hupo Basin. Fine sediments including mud and silty sand occur in the Hupo Basin area of the survey site. The submarine detailed topography and the analysis of the seafloor characteristics of the survey area are expected to contribute to management for marine environmental researches and sustainable use of ecosystems in the Wangdol-cho.

양혈사물탕가미방(凉血四物湯加味方)이 Allergy성(性) 접촉(接觸) 피부염(皮膚炎)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김창환,김경준,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Kyung-Jun 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2005 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Experimental drug was applied to a white male mouse taken ill with allergic contact dermatitis to investigate the effects of Yanghyulsamultanggamibang. 1. In case of skin moisture, when it was checked 72 hours later, there showed up meaningful differences among the normal, control, and sample groups. Especially, the moisture increased more noticeably in the sample group than in the control group. 2. With regards to RBC count in blood, it increased more in the control and sample groups than in the normal group when it was checked both in 24 hours and 72 hours. When it was checked in 48 hours, the number of RBC in the sample group increased the most, and the count in the control group increased more than in the normal group. 3. About the neutrophil rate in WBC count, it increased meaningfully more both on the control and sample groups than in the normal group in 24 hours. When the rate was checked in 48 hours, it increased the most in the sample group, and it increased more in the control group than in the normal group. When in checked72 hours later, it increased substantially more in the control group than both the sample and normal group. 4. As of the lymphocyte rate in WBC count, when measured in 24 hours, it increased in the normal group than in the control and sample groups. In 48 hours, it increased the most in the normal group, and it increased meaningfully more in the control group than in the sample group. 5. Regarding the total IgE, when measured 24 hours later, it increased noticeably more in the normal group than in the control and sample groups. In 48 hours, there showed up substantial differences among the normal, control and sample groups. In particular, it increased meaningfully more in the control group than in the sample group. 6. When the sample of skin tissue was examined, the corneal layer restoration increased more in the sample group than in the normal group. The above-mentioned results prove that Yanghyulsamultanggamibang can be taken when allergic contact dermatitis develops on the skin. Long-term observation afterward is also advised.

농외소득개발저책의 현황과 장기발전방향

김창환,Kim, Chang-Hwan 한국조경수협회 1991 造景樹 Vol.5 No.11

과개교합 환자에서 Dahl concept을 적용한 가철성 보철 치료

김창환,고경호,허윤혁,박찬진,조리라,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Ko, Kyung-Ho,Huh, Yoon-Hyuk,Park, Chan-Jin,Cho, Lee-Ra 대한치과보철학회 2020 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.58 No.2

모든 과개교합을 가진 환자를 병적인 상태로 판단할 수는 없지만 전치부에 교합접촉이 불안정하거나, 전반적인 교합 부조화가 동반된다면 과개교합은 하악 전치에 대한 지속적인 마모와 정출을 일으킬 수 있다. 이 증례는 72세 남성환자로 상악과 하악의 전치가 잔존해 있지만 골격성 2급 부정교합으로 인하여 안정위 상태에서 교합접촉이 불가능하고 교합지지가 완전히 상실되어 수직고경의 증가가 필요한 환자였다. 이 증례는 보철 수복을 위해 수직고경의 증가가 필요한 경우로 수평피개를 더욱 심화시켜 교합의 부조화를 유발할 수 있기에 정밀한 진단을 통한 수직고경 증가량 결정이 필요하였다. 이 증례에서는 Dahl concept를 응용한 가철성 국소의치 보철물을 이용하여 안정적인 교합을 완성하였으며 적절한 치료 결과를 보였기에 이를 보고하고자 한다. Although not all kinds of deep bite occlusions are considered pathological states, they can cause persistent wear and eruption of the anterior mandibular teeth if the anterior occlusal contact is unstable or accompanied by an occlusal disharmony. The patient was a 72-year-old man with no occlusal contact of the remaining anterior teeth in the centric relation position because of a skeletal class II malocclusion and loss of occlusal support. If the vertical dimension needs to be increased for prosthetic restoration in a patient with a deep bite, the amount of vertical dimension increase must be determined through precise diagnosis. This is because the overjet may increase and cause an unstable occlusion. In this review, we report the case of a patient with a stable occlusion and good treatment results achieved by using a removable partial denture prosthesis and applying the Dahl concept.

腦出血을 동반한 慢性 두드러기 患者의 治驗 1例

김창환,선영재,김현기,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Sun, Young-Jae,Kim, Hyun-Gi 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2002 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Urticaria is classified as Eunjin in Oriental Medicine. The intrinsic causes include digestive system disorder, food poison, parasite, female reproductive health problem, nervous breakdown, and disorder of endocrine hormone. The extrinsic sources include all kinds of insect bites or stings, medications, pollen, dirt, and toxic smells. Some unknown sources also produce urticaria. The urticaria that lasts for more than six weeks, is categorized as chronic urticaria which is not very different from acute urticaria that occurs rapid but for a short period. The chronic urticaria may come every day, and its symptoms can even get worse at irregular or regular intervals. The cycle is hard to predict. It could be weeks or years. In clinical treatments, the syndromes of patient's chronic urticaria with cerebral hemorrhage have been analyzed and identified as follows: The diagnosis by asking the patient's case history showed that the root cause was retention of food resulting from dysfunction of the spleen and stomach. First, Pyeongwisan was dosed. From the syndrome differentiation with four diagnostic methods, we diagnosed the symptoms as Poong yoel (wind-heat). Then, Hyeongbangpaedocksangamibang was prescribed to get very effective results.

원격측정장치를 이용한 설치류의 생체신호 측정 및 분석

김창환,허경행,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Hur, Gyeong-Haeng 한국군사과학기술학회 2011 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.14 No.6

Telemetry techniques of rats have been used for assessing safety pharmacology of drugs and chemicals. Biological signals including blood pressure and heart rate measured under anesthesia were significantly different from those obtained under normal conditions. The stress of restraint in awake animals can also affect the accuracy of physiological evaluation. This paper details the surgery required to allow key cardiovascular parameters to be determined. The telemetric measurement of cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiograph(ECG) established. We carried out the continuous monitoring of cardiovascular parameters using the telemetry system in F344 rats. During the measurement, no significant changes were observed in the heart rate and blood pressure. ECG signals and body temperature were also constant during the measurement of biological signals. With the results of this study, we conclude that this telemetry system can be applied usefully for the assesment of biological parameters in the rats.