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활성슬러지 공정에서 천연 clinoptilolite 가 질산화 효율에 미치는 영향
김창균,윤태일,이형술 한국화학공학회 2001 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.39 No.4
본 연구는 활성슬러지 공정에서 clinoptilolite의 첨가가 질산화에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험결과, 주입된 clinoptilolite는 시스템내 미생물 농도를 10,870 ㎎·MLVSS/ℓ까지 상승시켰다. 또한 peptone inhibition에 대해 표준 활성슬러지 공정과 달리 90% 이상의 질산화율을 나타냈고, 0.42㎏·TKN/㎥·d의 질소 부하변동에도 빠른 순응을 보이며 전체 시스템에 안정한 질산화율이 유지되었다. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of clinoptilolite addition on nitrification in activated sludge process. As a result, clinoptilolite dosage increased microbial concentration by 10,800 ㎎·MLVSS/ℓ, In addition, the application of clinoptilolite improved nitrification by 90% approximately, despite of peptone inhibition and revealed stable nitrification at 0.42 ㎏·TKN/㎥·d.
Epitypification of Prunus nudiflora (Rosaceae), a natural hybrid species in Jeju Island, Korea
김창균,김찬수,문정환,김주환 국립중앙과학관 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.12 No.4
Prunus nudiflora is an endemic species to Jeju Island, South Korea and economically important asornamentals. According to recent molecular phylogenetic and genomic studies, this species is revealed asa F1 hybrid originating from a cross between maternal Prunus pendula f. ascendens and paternal Prunusjamasakura. However, the plate specimen designated as type materials of P. nudiflora does not permit aprecise application of the name because of its poor condition. The herbarium specimens related with thatillustration were examined to clarify the identity of P. nudiflora, and an epitype is selected. Our epitypificationproposed here will ensure nomenclatural accuracy for most material from cultivation, wherethe name P. nudiflora is widely used.
전자파 흡수율(SAR) 시뮬레이션 기법과 5G 주파수 대역에서의 인공 치아가 삽입된 인체 머리 모델의 전자파 흡수율 시뮬레이션 결과
김창균,이성수,Kim, Chang-Gyun,Lee, Seongsoo 한국전기전자학회 2018 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3
다양한 무선기기가 일상화됨에 따라 전자파가 인체에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석할 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 전자파가 인체에 미치는 영향을 나타내는 파라미터가 전자파 흡수율(SAR: specific absorption rate)인데, 이는 단순히 인체 조직만 대상으로 하고 있어 인공 치아 등의 금속 인공물이 삽입된 경우에는 전자파가 미치는 영향을 평가하기가 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 SAR을 시뮬레이션하기 위한 방법을 소개하고 실제로 SAR을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 30 GHz 5세대 이동통신(5G) 주파수 대역에서 인공 치아가 삽입된 인체 머리 모델의 SAR은 최고치 $2.50{\times}10^{-3}W/kg$, 평균치 $8.58{\times}10^{-7}W/kg$으로 국내 허용 기준치 1.6 W/kg에 절대적으로 못 미침을 알 수 있다. It becomes important to analyze the effects of electromagnetic wave on human body, as various wireless equipments are widely used in daily life. SAR (specific absorption rate) is a parameter of the effects of electromagnetic wave on human body. However, it considers only human tissues, and it is difficult to evaluate the effects of electromagnetic wave when metal artifacts are inserted such as dental implants. This paper introduces a method to simulate SAR, and gets its simulated results. Simulated SAR of human head model with dental implants in 30 GHz 5th generation mobile communications (5G) frequency band is $2.50{\times}10^{-3}W/kg$ in maximum and $8.58{\times}10^{-7}W/kg$ in average. These values are absolutely below 1.6 W/kg Korean domestic SAR limit.
김창균,최홍근 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.4
Recent advances in phylogenetics indicate that reticulate evolution has played an important role in the emergence of Isoëtes species in the North Pacific region. However, the biogeographical origin of the North Pacific Isoëtes species remains contentious. We present a fossilcalibrated phylogeny of species from the North Pacific region based on molecular data. Within this framework, we discuss their ancestral areas and biogeographical history. North Pacific Isoëtes are divided into two clades: clade I, consisting of East Asian, Papua New Guinean, and Australian species, and clade II, consisting of West Beringian and western North American species. Within clade I, Australian Isoëtes species were an early divergent group, and Papua New Guinea’s species form a sister clade to the East Asian species. Biogeographical reconstructions suggest an Australasian origin for the East Asian species that arose through long-distance dispersal during the late Oligocene. Within clade II, I. asiatica from West Beringia forms a clade with I. echinospora and I. muricata from Alaska. Western North America was the area of origin for the dispersal of Isoëtes species to West Beringia via the Bering land bridge during the late Miocene. Our study identifies the biogeographic origin of the North Pacific Isoëtes and suggests long-distance dispersal as the most likely explanation for their intercontinental distribution.