국제어업자원의 지속적 이용을 위한 다자간 협력방안에 관한 연구

김은채(EunChae Kim) 한국해양비즈니스학회 2003 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.2

This paper aims to show that how the multilateral fisheries agreement is made to conserve and use sustainability of the international ocean living resources. we also show that the various kinds of the international fisheries agreement is made to depend upon the specific character of the fisheries and the interests between the coastal nations and the distant water nations. The background of many of the fisheries agreements sums UP the following two factors. First, we have considered the case for which the relationship between the interested nations is asymmetric. The coastal nations as a leader in which they have a command of two strategies to the distant water nations-the followers-to achieve the agreement take the initiative the agreement. If the followers were advanced countries. the leader uses the threat strategy, and if they were less development countries, she uses the side payment strategy. Second, we have also considered the case for which if relationship between the interested nations were symmetric, the international fisheries agreement is realized on the basis of reciprocal approach.

PHMG (polyhexamethylene guanidine) 흡입독성참고치 산출을 통한 가습기살균제 노출등급 분류 및 특성

김은채(Eunchae Kim),류현수(Hyeonsu Ryu),박진현(Jinhyeon Park),최영태(Youngtae Choe),허정(Jung Heo),이슬아(Seula Lee),조은경(Eun-Kyung Jo),최윤형(Yoon-Hyeong Choi),조만수(Mansu Cho),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Objectives: The Korean Ministry of Environment has identified cases of people suspected of suffering lung disease potentially caused by polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) used in humidifier disinfectants (HDs). Exposure assessment for the HDs was conducted using a questionnaire during face-to-face interview. The main purposes of this study were to develop a methodology to effectively classify levels of exposure to HDs based on a questionnaire. Methods: We first identified the overall participants’ exposure characteristics by HD exposure levels; Second, we selected misclassified subjects and investigated characteristics of overestimated and underestimated subjects, focusing on exposure cases to PHMG-containing HDs. An inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for PHMG was produced on the basis of inhalation toxicity values. We made a cross-tabulation of the exposure classes (Exposure classes 1-to-4) by clinical classes based on the RfC. When the value of the exposure class minus the clinical class was 0 or 1, we assumed these were true values. When the value was ≥2 and ≤ −2, we assigned these cases to the overestimation group and underestimation group, respectively. Results: The overestimated group may have already recovered and responded excessively due to psychological anxiety or in order to receive compensation. On the other hand, relatively high mortality rates and surrogate responses for those under 10 years of age may have resulted in inaccurate exposure assessment for underestimated groups. For the characteristics of exposure, it was shown that for the underestimated group, the exposure was relatively weaker than the overestimated group, even though a high overall clinical rating was determined. Conclusions: This study may suggest ways to reduce bias and overcome the limitations of current HD exposure assessment.

환경영향평가서 내 건강영향평가의 누적위해성평가 방법론적 개선 - 과거 10년 국내 산업단지 개발 사례를 중심으로 -

김은채 ( Eunchae Kim ),하종식 ( Jongsik Ha ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2021 환경영향평가 Vol.30 No.6

현행 환경영향평가 내 건강영향평가는 단일 물질별 기준초과 여부를 평가하고 적정 저감방안을 수립하도록 시행된다. 이에 따라 일부 개발 대상사업의 경우, 위해성평가의 모든 물질이 기준을 만족하지만 노출농도가 기준에 매우 근사한 경우가 존재한다. 하지만 여기서 모든 물질들의 동시 노출을 고려한다면 건강영향은 단일 물질별 관리보다 상당히 크게 발생할 여지가 있다. 실제로 수용체에 노출되는 건강영향을 파악하기 위해 배출물질의 통합평가 방법론의 구체화 및 개선방안 마련이 필요하다. 본 논문은 해외 선진사례 및 국내외 문헌고찰을 통해 누적위해성평가 및 위해성의 통합기법에 대한 개념을 정의하고, 산업단지 개발 시 다물질에 대한 건강영향을 고려한 누적위해성평가 활용을 위한 방법론을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법론을 통해 산업단지에 배출되는 유해중금속 4종(Ni, Cr⁶⁺, Cd, As)에 대한 통합지표를 산출하였으며, 과거 10년(2011~2020년) 간 수행된 산업단지 개발사업에 대한 사례적용을 통해 활용성을 확보하였다. Health impact assessment in the environmental impact assessment is conducted to determine whether to exceed the standard of each single substance and to establish appropriate reduction measures. In some development projects, although all substances in risk assessment meet the standard, exposure concentration is very close to it. However, considering the cumulative exposure of all substances, health effects are likely to occur considerably severer than those of individual substances, so it is necessary to prepare a concrete and improved methodology for integrating evaluation of emissions to identify the health effects actually exposed to receptors of living things. This study established the definition of cumulative risk assessment through overseas advanced cases and domestic and foreign literature reviews, and proposed a methodology for utilizing cumulative risk assessment considering health effects on multiple substances when developing industrial complexes. Applied by the proposed methodology, integrated indicators for four types of hazardous heavy metals (Ni, Cr⁶⁺, Cd, As) emitted from industrial complexes were calculated, and applicability was tested with case of the industrial complex development projects conducted over the last decade (2011-2020).

호서지역 청동기시대 중기 토기생산체계 일고찰

김은채(Eunchae Kim) 한국고고학회 2022 한국고고학보 Vol.- No.123

본 논문에서는 호서지역 청동기시대 중기의 토기생산체계를 살피기 위해 하나의 대푯값인 변동계수를 이용하여 주거지 평면형태별/시기별, 지역별로 토기의 유사도를 검토하고 그 양상을 고찰하였다. 주거지 평면형태는 크게 방형계 주거지와 원형계 주거지, 지역은 아산만, 충청 북부서해안, 충청 남부서해안, 금강중상류, 금강중하류역으로 구분하였다. 분석대상 기종은 호형, 발형, 적색마연원저호로 주거지 평면형태별/시기별, 지역별로 다양한 양상을 보이면서 전개되며, 이는 청동기시대 중기의 사회경제적 변화와 관련있다고 생각된다. 토기생산체계는 사회적, 경제적, 정치적 요인들에 의해 조직과 성격이 결정되며 시기, 지역에 따라 다양한 형태를 보이게 된다. 청동기시대 중기는 급격한 사회 변화를 겪은 시기로 토기생산체계 또한 다양한 형태로 변화하였을 것이다. 본고는 호서지역 대규모 복합취락으로 토기가마군이 확인된 보령 관창리유적을 주목하였으며, 관련 유구·유물 분석을 통해 시기별 생산체계의 변화상을 파악하였다. 휴암리단계에는 분업 및 협업 형태의 소규모 생산체계로 운영되었으며, 송국리단계에 이르러 토기가마군이 이용되면서 보다 큰 규모로 집중적인 토기생산이 이루어졌다고 추정된다. 송국리단계에 높은 유사도를 보인 금강유역은 보령 관창리유적보다 체계적인 토기생산을 했다고 상정되며, 지역 내의 유통이 이루어진 것으로 생각된다. 청동기시대 중기 토기생산체계는 이러한 과정을 거치며 보다 표준화된 토기생산체계로 발전하였을 것으로 보인다. In an attempt to examine the pottery production system of Hoseo region in the Middle Bronze Age, the pottery similarity in terms of type and region was analyzed using the coefficient of variation. The period was sub-divided into the Huam-ri stage and the Songguk-ri stage, the region was sub-divided into the Asanman Bay, the western coast of northern Chungcheong Province, the western coast of southern Chungcheong Province, the upper and middle reaches of Geumgang River, and the middle and lower reaches of Geumgang River areas. Analysis was undertaken on jar-type, bowl-type, and red burnished round-type pottery, all of which illustrate distinctive characteristics according to sub-period and sub-region, which appear to be related to the socioeconomic changes that occurred in the Middle Bronze Age. It is proposed that the pottery production system was determined by social, economic, and political factors, and took on various forms depending on the time period and region. The Middle Bronze Age was a period of rapid social change, and the pottery production system would have also changed rapidly, accordingly. This paper examined the site of Gwanchang-ri, in Boryeong, which is a large-scale complex settlement of the Hoseo area where many archaeological features related to pottery production, including kiln clusters, were confirmed. Changes in the production system were identified through an analysis of related features and artifacts. In the Huam-ri stage, a small production system characterized by the division of labor and cooperation was in operation. With the use of the pottery kiln clusters in the Songguk-ri stage, intensive pottery production on a larger scale was carried out. In the Geumgang River Basin, pottery was found to demonstrate a high degree of similarity in the Songguk-ri stage, and it is assumed that pottery production took place in a more systematic manner, compared to that observed at Gwanchang-ri. It is also likely that distribution within the region had occurred. Though this process, the Middle Bronze Age pottery production system appears to have obtained a greater degree of standardization.

화학사고 대응을 위한 시간별 급성노출기준 참고치 산정 : 폼알데하이드 사례

김은채(Eunchae Kim),조용성(Yong-Sung Cho),이청수(Chung-Soo Lee),양원호(Wonho Yang),황승율(Seung-Ryul Hwang),박지훈(Jihoon Park) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to provide temporal Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL) for a hazardous substance as a pilot study. Methods: As one of the substances designated by the Korea Ministry of Environment as requiring preparations for potential accidents, formaldehyde was selected to estimate the AEGLs. The calculation was based on Haber’s formula (Cn ×t=k) using valid toxicity data (for humans/animals). A total of 96 points of AEGL levels were provided using an interval of five minutes over eight hours. Results: The AEGL-1 and 2 values were constant for the entire exposure duration at 0.9 ppm and 14 ppm, respectively. The values were obtained from clinical/animal tests, and the adaptation effect after a given exposure duration was also considered. AEGL-3 was based on animal toxicity data, and it was estimated from 127 ppm for the initial five minutes to 35 ppm for eight hours. Conclusions: More specific AEGL levels for formaldehyde could be obtained in this study using toxicity data with Haber’s formula. Based on this methodology, it would be also possible to estimate AEGL levels that can be used at the scene of a chemical accident for other substances requiring preparation for potential accidents.

시각 장애인을 위한 골프 중계 동영상 정보의 실시간 정보 추출 및 촉각화

김해림(Haerim Kim),정민호(Minho Jung),김은채(Eunchae Kim),유용재(Yongjae Yoo) 한국HCI학회 2024 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2024 No.1

본 연구에서는 동영상 콘텐츠에 대한 시각 장애인의 접근성 향상을 위한 자동화된 청-촉각 변환 시스템을 구현하고 이를 시각 장애인 피험자를 대상 평가를 진행하였다. 일차 목표로 설정한 골프중계는 시각 장애인의 수요는 높은 반면 시각 외 제공되는 청-촉각 정보가 부족한데, 이를 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 컴퓨터 비전 알고리즘을 활용하여 청-촉각으로 변환할 요소를 추출하고 이를 TTS 및 촉각 디스플레이 닷 패드를 활용하여 변환, 출력하였다. 사용자 평가 결과 전반적으로 높은 만족도를 보였으며, 시각 장애의 정도나 경험 여부에 따른 개인화나 정보의 다양화 등 추가적 지향점도 확인할 수 있었다.

정오 "Monte-Carlo 모의실험을 통한 부분 인구집단별 벤젠 및 PM₁₀의 노출 및 위해성 평가"

박진현,양소영,박윤경,류현수,김은채,최영태,허정,조만수,양원호,Park, Jinhyeon,Yang, So Young,Park, Yunkyung,Ryu, Hyeonsu,Kim, Eunchae,Choe, Youngtae,Heo, Jung,Cho, Mansu,Yang, Wonho 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.5

시간활동양상에 따른 주택의 시간대별 실내·실외 초미세먼지 농도비

박진현(Jinhyeon Park),김은채(Eunchae Kim),최영태(Youngtae Choe),류현수(Hyoensu Ryu),김순신(Sunshin Kim),우병렬(Byung Lyul Woo),조만수(Mansu Cho),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.5

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indoor to outdoor ratio (I/O ratio) of time activity patterns affecting PM2.5 concentrations in homes in Korea through a simulation. Methods: The time activity patterns of homemakers were analyzed based on the ‘Time-Use Survey’ data of the National Statistical Office in 2014. From September 30 to October 2, 2019, the experimenter lived in multi�family housing located in Guro-gu, Seoul. The I/O ratio of PM2.5 concentration was measured by installing sensor-based instruments. Results: The average indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations during the three days were 33.1±48.9 and 45.9±25.3 μg/m3 , respectively. The average I/O ratio was 0.75±0.60. The indoor concentration tended to increase when PM2.5 source activity such cooking and cleaning was present and outdoor PM2.5 was supplied through ventilation. Conclusions: This study could be used as basic data for estimating indoor PM2.5 concentrations with personal activity pattern and weather conditions using outdoor concentrations.

Monte-Carlo 모의실험을 이용한 초·중·고등학교의환기부족 평가

최영태(Youngtae Choe),박진현(Jinhyeon Park),김은채(Eunchae Kim),류현수(Hyoensu Ryu) 김동준(Dong Jun Kim),민기홍(Kihong Min),정다영(Dayoung Jung),우병렬(Byung Lyul Woo),조만수(Mansu Cho),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.6

Objectives: Indoor air quality has become more important aspeople spend most of their times indoors. Since students spend most of their times at home or at school, they are more likely to be exposed to indoor air pollutants. Ventilation in school classrooms can affect health and learning performance. In this study, ventilation deficiency was evaluated in school classrooms using Monte Carlo simulation. Methods: This study used sensor-based monitoring for six months to measure carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in classrooms in elementary, middle, and high schools. The volume of the classroom and the number of students were investigated, and the students’ body surface area was used to calculate the CO2 emission rate. The distribution of ventilation rates was estimated by measured CO2 concentration and a massbalance model using Monte Carlo simulation. Results: In the elementary, middle, and high schools, the average CO2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm, indicating that the ventilation rates were insufficient. The ventilation rates were deficient from July to August and in December, but showed relatively high ventilation rates in October. Forty-three percent of elementary schools, 56% of middle schools, and 62% of high schools showed insufficient ventilation rates. Conclusions: The ventilation rates calculated in elementary, middle and high schools were found to be quite insufficient. Therefore, proper management is needed to overcome the lack of ventilation and improve air quality.

지역적 특성에 따른 학교 교실의 미세먼지 농도 비교

최영태 ( Youngtae Choe ),박진현 ( Jinhyeon Park ),김은채 ( Eunchae Kim ),김동준 ( Dongjun Kim ),민기홍 ( Kihong Min ),조만수 ( Mansu Cho ),양원호 ( Wonho Yang ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2020 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1

As health problems caused by air pollutants and problems caused by air pollutants such as COVID-19 are caused, interest in air quality is growing. Modern people spend more than 80% of their day indoors, so most of them are exposed to air pollutants indoors. Also, contaminated air of indoor air may be generated indoors or introduced outdoors. If contaminated air is not properly ventilated or discharged indoors, contamination accumulates as it circulates inside, which can cause more problems than outdoor air pollution. In particular, indoor air quality is more important when spending a long time in a space such as a house, office, or school classroom. Unlike adults, children and adolescents have a higher respiratory rate per unit weight and a higher risk of exposure to pollutants heavier than air due to their relatively low height. Also, because students spend most of their day in the classroom, the quality of the school classroom air can have a greater impact on students’ health. The indoor air quality of school classrooms can change the PM10 concentration due to external influences. Therefore, the environment and characteristics of the school must be considered.