충남지역 공중화장실의 평면유형과 시설 현황에 관한 연구

김은중 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.23 No.2

This study shows the floor plan types and the space composition of public-toilets of Choongchung-Do. The total areas of public-toilets are various from 28.52m2 to 94.57m2. and the areas of female-toilets are relatively larger than those of male-toilets. Public-toilets have several equipments such as toilet stool, urinal, washstand, change diaper, chair for baby-care, toilet stool for child, urinal for child, so on. The ratio of number of female-toilet stools versus male-toilet stools, and that of eastern-style toilet stools versus western-style toilet stools are very important and regulated in Manual of Institute of Public toilet, but they are partially kept. All the Public-toilets have toilet stool, urinal and washstand, but change diaper, chair for baby-care, toilet stool for child, urinal for child were used restrictively. There are six types of the floor plan types in public-toilets, five types of public-toilet forms, and five types how the equipments are installed in public-toilets. Opening and shutting doors were usually applied in male & female-toilets and rooms for toilet stools, and some other types of door system were used restrictively. This study offers not only the present conditions, but also the appropriate planning directions of the public-toilets.

포스트옥시덴탈리즘과 라틴아메리카 ‘이후’

김은중 서울대학교 라틴아메리카연구소 2014 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.25 No.1

라틴아메리카의 식민지 역사와 독립 이후 포스트식민 경험이 포스트식민 연구에서 제외되거나 예외로 취급된 것은 지리정치적이고 지리문화적으로 식민의 유산이 달랐기 때문이다. 지정학적이고 지리문화적인 관점에서 근대성에 대한 비판은 세 가지 방향성을 가진다. 첫째는근대성에 대한 근대-내적 비판인 포스트근대적 이성이고, 둘째는 근대성에 대한 식민적 비판인포스트식민적 이성이며, 마지막으로 근대성에 대한 라틴아메리카의 식민적 경험에 의한 비판인 포스트옥시덴탈 이성이다. 포스트옥시덴탈 이성은 유럽중심적 근대성 신화를 탈신화화하고,식민주의 이후의 권력의 식민성을 드러내며, 유럽의 근대적 경험을 지방화하고, 주변부의 경험을 세계화한다. 이러한 실천적 인식을 통해 포스트옥시덴탈 이성은 현실을 역사구조적 이질성으로 파악한다. 포스트옥시덴탈리즘과 라틴아메리카 ‘이후’라는 문제설정은 지식을 탈식민화하고 ‘많은 세계가 공존하는 하나의 세계’를 모색하는 첫 걸음이다. Despite a long history of critical reflections on modern colonialismoriginating in reaction to the conquest and colonization of the Americas, themajordiscussions on postcolonial studies barely take Latin American colonial ypostcolonial experience into account. This inadvertentmarginalization of the LatinAmerican experience is due to the distinctiveness of Latin America’s colonialhistory. It is needed to recognize the distinctiveness of Latin America’s historicalexperience that contribute to a broader programof postcolonial sociology. A setof prominent Latin American scholars recently argued for the need to distinguishamong three critiques of modernity: postmodernism (its internal expression),postcolonialism(its Asian and Africanmodality), and post-Occidentalism(its LatinAmericanmanifestation). Therefore, in order to shed light onwhat postcolonialismmeans in the Latin American context, it is necessary to focus on post-Occidentalism. Post-Occidental reason as articulation between intellectualproject and social movements can be distilled into four main points:demythologizing eurocentricmyth ofmodernity; revealing the coloniality of power;provincializing the European experience; globalizing the periphery. Post-Occidental reason conceive of reality as a historical-structural heterogeneity. Theproblematique of post-Occidental reason and ‘after’ Latin America means a firststep to decolonize knowledge and build a democratic world, ‘a world whichwould include many worlds.’

Taxonomic study on the subspecies of Cyclommatus metallifer (Boisduval, 1835) from Indonesia (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

김은중,박진영,박종균 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.4

The lucanid beetles of the subspecies of Cyclommatus metallifer from Indonesia are revised here. Five subspecies are known from Indonesia. Among them, Cyclommatus metallifer otanii Mizunuma and Nagai was confirmed to be a synonym of Cyclommatus metallifer aenomicans Parry. Moreover, a new subspecies, Cyclommatus metallifer butonensis ssp. nov., is described from Buton Island of Indonesia. The identification key, distributional data, photos of adults, genitalia, and figures for each subspecies are provided.

"중남미문화(文化)탐구" : 환상문학과 라틴아메리카 좌파

김은중 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 2005 국제지역정보 Vol.146 No.-

20 세기말에 본 중남미 500 년사와 사상가들 : 공화국 시대 2 ; 바스꼰셀로스의 문화적 민족주의

김은중 한국라틴아메리카학회 1999 한국라틴아메리카학회 하계학술대회발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

바로크와 중남미 : 중남미 비평시 ( poesia critica ) 에 관한 고찰

김은중 한국라틴아메리카학회 1998 한국라틴아메리카학회 하계학술대회발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

인터넷 환경에서 FEC 기능이 추가된 AMR음성 부호화기를 이용한 오디오 스트림 전송

김은중,이인성 한국통신학회 2001 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.26 No.12

In this paper, we present an audio stream delivery using the AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) coder that was adopted by ETSI and 3GPP as a standard vocoder for next generation IMT-2000 service in which includes combined sender (FEC) and receiver reconstruction technique in the Internet. By use of the media-specific FEC scheme, the possibility to recover lost packets can be much increased due to the addition of repair data to a main data stream, by which the contents of lost packets can be recovered. The AMR codec is based on the code-excited linear predictive (CELP) coding model. So we use a frame erasure concealment for CELP-based coders. The proposed scheme is evaluated with ITU-T G.729 (CS-ACELP) coder and AMR - 12.2 kbit/s through the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and the MOS (Mean Opinion Score) test. The proposed scheme provides 1.1 higher in Mean Opinion Score value and 5.61 dB higher than AMR - 12.2 kbit/s in terms of SNR in 10% packet loss, and maintains the communicab1e quality speech at frame erasure rates lop to 20%. 본 논문에서는 ETSI와 3GPP에서 차세대 이동통신 IMT-2000 서비스의 음성부호화기의 표준으로 채택한 AMR을 인터넷을 통한 멀티미디어 서비스에서 사용하기 위해 부가 정보를 이용한 손실 패킷 복구 방법이 첨가된 전송방법을 제시한다. 인터넷과 같은 패킷 교환 망에서의 음성 통신에서 과도한 패킷 손실은 급격한 음질 저하를 유발한다. 본 논문에서는 음성 패킷 데이터를 순방향 오류정정(FEC)의 부가 정보로 사용하고 연속 패킷 손실이 발생하였을 경우 오류 은닉방법을 사용하여 패킷 손실에 의한 음질 저하를 개선하는 방법을 제안한다. 순방향 오류정정방법 중 부가 음성 정보를 원래의 음성정보와 함께 보냄으로써 손실된 음성은 부가 음성 정보를 이용해 복구할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 AMR 음성 부호화기는 CELP기반의 음성 부호화기 이므로 음성 부호화기의 특징을 이용해 2개 이상의 군집오류가 발생했을 경우 패킷 손실이 일어나기 전후의 데이터를 이용해서 손실된 패킷으로 인한 영향을 최소로 하는 오류은닉 방법을 사용하였다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 AMR 부호화기의 고음질 압축 방법인 12.2 kbit/s 모드로 전송하는 방법과 ITU-T 표준안인 CS-ACELP로 전송하는 방법을 SNR과 MOS 측정을 통해 비교하였다. 제안된 방법이 10%의 평균 패킷 손실률에서 부호화기 자체의 오류은닉 기술을 적용한 AMR - 12.2 kbit/s 모드보다 MOS값에서는 1.1, SNR값은 5.61 dB 높았으며, 제안된 방법은 20%의 손실률에서도 통신 가능한 음질을 유지하였다.

한국인의 체위성 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증의 유병률과 특징

김은중,최환,강선묵,최지호,권순영,이승훈 대한이비인후과학회 2009 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.52 No.5

Background and Objectives:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are classified into positional patients with supine apneahypopnea index (AHI) that is at least twice as high as the non-supine AHI, and non-positional patients with a supine AHI that does not reach double values of the non-supine AHI. We determined the prevalence of positional sleep apnea and compared clinical characteristics between positional and non-positional OSA patients. Subjects and Method:This was a cross-sectional study at a tertiary rhinologic referral center. We evaluated 113 patients whose AHI were over 5 and whose sleep time of supine, nonsupine position were over 15 minutes as a result of overnight polysomnography taken from January 2007 to July 2008. The body position of patients was confirmed with sleep position sensor and direct observation. Results:Positional sleep apnea was seen in 14/22 (63.64%) with mild sleep apnea (AHI, 5 to 15/h), 16/36 (44.44%) with moderate sleep apnea (AHI, 15 to 30/h), 14/55 (25.45%) with severe sleep apnea (AHI, ≥30/h) and over all prevalence of positional sleep apnea in this study is 38.9%. The severity of OSA, weight, waist and waist to hip ratio (WHR) is related to the positional tendency. Conclusion:The result of this study revealed that positional sleep apnea was more common in patients with mild OSA and the positional tendency of OSA patients was affected by central obesity.

소비자 인식에 따른 우리나라 식품이력추적관리의 추진 방안

김은중,정지안,김미성,이성실,최준호 한국산업식품공학회 2019 산업 식품공학 Vol.23 No.4

Food traceability (FT) is being developed while food traceability system (FTS) has become the hot topic for the food safety of the food supply chain (FSC), government regulations, and customer’s satisfaction. This survey explored the Korean consumer’s awareness, preferred information, and willingness to pay for the traceability of processed food. 35.2% of the respondents were not aware of FT whereas 77.5% did not know about FTS. The customer’s perception on the purpose of FT was as a consumer's right to know (51.8%), rather than as one enhancing food safety. The customers’ awareness of FT on processed and functional food was lower than that on agricultural, livestock, and fisheries products. The important stage of FSC that the consumers perceive was manufacturing and importing (51.5%), and the preferred information was related with raw materials. Only 7.2% of the respondents perceived FT as food safety-related certifications, which is much lower than HACCP (62.9%) and GMP (17.6%). The consumers had willingness to pay for FT at a premium of 5-10% higher than the regular price. Consumers are paying attention to food safety and quality but they are still unfamiliar with FT. Stakeholders in FSC should work together to increase consumer awareness of FT/FTS and improve consumers’ behavior.

한글대장경 간행의 의의와 과제

김은중 동국대학교 전자불전연구소 2002 전자불전 Vol.4 No.-