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김명신,조영주 대한천식알레르기학회 2012 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.4 No.3
Purpose: Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ASA/NSAIDs) are common causes of drug hypersensitivity. An oral provocation test is the only definitive diagnostic test. This study assessed the reliability of a flow cytometry-assisted basophil activation test (FAST) as a safe diagnostic method for ASA/NSAID-induced hypersensitivity, as its high sensitivity and specificity have been demonstrated for many other drugs. Methods: Eighteen patients and 11 controls were enrolled. Using a Flow-CAST kit® (Bühlmann Laboratories AG, Schönenbuch, Switzerland), 29 analyses with aspirin,ibuprofen, and diclofenac were performed by flow cytometry to detect double-positive staining of anti-IgE and anti-CD63. The stimulation index was defined as the activated basophil percentage after drug stimulation/basally active basophil percentage. A stimulation index≥2 and an absolute activated basophil percentage≥5 were considered positive. Results: Patients with hypersensitivity to ASA/NSAIDs were predominantly female, and the prevalence of atopy was higher in patients than in controls. A sensitivity of 61%, specificity of 91%, positive predictive value of 92%, and negative predictive value of 59% were achieved. Conclusions: FAST is a useful additional method for diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions to ASA/NSAIDs. Further development is required to increase the sensitivity of the test.
《綠牡丹》의 인물형상 연구: 《조웅전》과의 비교를 중심으로
김명신 한국중국소설학회 2008 中國小說論叢 Vol.28 No.-
≪綠牡丹≫和≪趙雄傳≫兩部作品都是英雄小說之類的. 這兩部作品就有時代和空間之區分. ≪綠牡丹≫是淸代的作品, ≪趙雄傳≫是朝鮮時代的作品. 這些英雄小說的作者差不多都是中下層的知識分子. 英雄人物需要所謂混亂的時代情況. ≪綠牡丹≫的背景是唐代則天武后時期, ≪趙雄傳≫的背景是宋代文皇帝時期. 這樣的時代背景使英雄容易出現, 所以亂世的英雄駱宏勛和趙雄在登場着. ≪綠牡丹≫的男主角駱宏勛雖然是受到幇民間英雄的幇助, 但是他基本上自己的能力來完成英雄的行爲. 趙雄本來是從懦弱的孩子開始, 通過超越者的敎習或者贈與, 變成眞正的英雄了. 駱宏勛是在愛情問題上比較消極的, 但趙雄是非常積極的人物. 從古典小說的觀點來看, 趙雄可以說是自由戀愛的頂上. 代表惡行者是王倫和李斗柄. 王倫主要是在色慾上代表惡行, 李斗柄是以有關權力的狀況來代表着惡行. 女主角花碧蓮和張小姐是比較相對的人物. 花碧蓮是在愛情方面上非常積極的熱血女, 但張小姐是遵守儒家傳統的淑女. 補助人物有盜俠和道士. 盜俠是以鮑自安․花振芳來代表, 盜俠具有民間英雄的色彩, 他們雖然是盜賊的身分, 但是以國家的忠心來除去奸人. 道士是使趙雄造成英雄, 就是像月鏡道士·天官道士之類的人物.
Effects of Interleukin-9 Blockade on Chronic Airway Inflammation in Murine Asthma Models
김명신,조경아,조영주,우소연 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.4
Purpose: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways associated with structural changes and airway remodeling. Interleukin (IL)-9 haspleiotropic effects on both inflammatory cells and airway structural cells, which are involved in asthma pathogenesis. We evaluated the effects ofIL-9 blockade on chronic airway inflammation. Methods: Acute airway inflammation was induced in Balb/c mice using aerosolized ovalbumin (OVA),whereas chronic asthma was induced by OVA exposure for 5 weeks with anti-IL-9 or isotype-matched antibody (Ab) treatment during the OVA challenge. Inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted and lung tissues were stained to detect cellular infiltration, mucus deposition,and collagen accumulation. The levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in BALF were measured usingenzyme linked immunosorbent assays, and profiles of inflammatory cells and subsets of T helper (Th) cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results:IL-9, IL-17, and IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in the chronic group compared to the acute asthma group. However, the number of IL-9-positive cells was not affected, with a decrease in Th17 cells in OVA-challenged caspase-1 knockout mice. Numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, Bcells, mast cells, and Th17 cells decreased after administration of anti-IL-9 Ab. Total IgE, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-17 levels were also lower in the anti-IL-9group. Conclusions: Our results suggest that anti-IL-9 Ab treatment inhibits pulmonary infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokine production,especially IL-17. These results provide a basis for the use of an anti-IL-9 Ab to combat IL-17-mediated airway inflammation.