효모의 재조합 변이주를 이용한 인간 Centromeric Alphoid DNA Repeat의 안정성에 관한 연구

김광섭,신영선,이상엽,안은경,도은주,박인호,임선희,선우양일,Kim, Kwang-Sup,Shin, Young-Sun,Lee, Sang-Yeop,Ahn, Eun-Kyung,Do, Eun-Ju,Park, In-Ho,Leem, Sun-Hee,SunWoo, Yang-Il 한국미생물학회 2007 미생물학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Centromere는 채세포분열과 생식세포분열 등 맡은 주요 기능을 담당하는 고도로 분화된 구조이다. Alphoid DNA (${\alpha}$-satellite)는 인간뿐 아니라 모든 영장류의 염색체 내 centromere에서 발견되는 반복서열의 대부분을 차지한다. 인간 인공염색체(Human Artificial Chromosome, HAC)의 개발에서 가장 핵심적인 부분은 centromere의 분리 및 안정적인 유지에 있다. 이 영역은 출아효모에서 alphoid DNA 반복서열을 hook으로 이용하여 Transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning법을 사용하여 선택적으로 분리할 수 있다. 이러한 실험방법으로 먼저 repeat array를 rolling-circle amplication (RCA)를 통하여 약 5 kb까지 길이를 연장시킨 후, 효모내에서 상동성재 조합을 이용한 TAR cloning법을 사용하여 분리할 수 있다. 이렇게 분리된 35 kb-50 kb 길이의 4종류의 centromeric DNA repeat arrays (2,4,5,6 mer)를 사용하여, 반복서열의 안정성 유지를 조사하기 위해 상동성재조 합 변이주인 rad51, rad52, rad54를 사용하여 비교 분석하였다. 야생주, rad51과 rad54 변이주를 이용하여 형질전환을 수행한 결과, 반복서열의 크기에 있어서 많은 변화를 나타내었다. 반면, rad52 변이주는 야생주와 다르게 형질전환빈도가 매우 낮은 비율로 나타났으나, centromeric DNA repeat array의 안정성은 3배 이상으로 높게 나타냈다. 이러한 결과들을 미루어, rad52 변이주를 사용하여 centromeric DNA repeat arrays의 형질전환실험에서 발생하는 맡은 변이를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 이러한 유전적 방법은 HAC 제작에서 반복서열의 유지에 훨씬 효율적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The centromere is a highly differentiated structure of the chromosome that fulfills a multitude of essential mitotic and meiotic functions. Alphoid DNA (${\alpha}$-satellite) is the most abundant family of repeated DNA found at the centromere of all human chromosomes, and chromosomes of primates in general. The most important parts in the development of Human Artificial Chromosomes (HACs), are the isolation and maintenance of stability of centromeric region. For isolation of this region, we could use the targeting hook with alphoid DNA repeat and cloned by Transformation-Associated Recombination (TAR) cloning technique in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The method includes rolling-circle amplification (RCA) of repeats in vitro to 5 kb-length and elongation of the RCA products by homologous recombination in yeast. Four types of $35\;kb{\sim}50\;kb$ of centromeric DNA repeat arrays (2, 4, 5, 6 mer) are used to examine the stability of repeats in homologous recombination mutant strains (rad51, rad52, and rad54). Following the transformation into wild type, rad51 and rad54 mutant strains, there were frequent changes in inserted size. A rad52 mutant strain showed extremely low transformation frequency, but increased stability of centromeric DNA repeat arrays at least 3 times higher than other strains. Based on these results, the incidence of large mutations could be reduced using a rad52 mutant strain in maintenance of centromeric DNA repeat arrays. This genetic method may use more general application in the maintenance of tandem repeats in construction of HAC.

(Photosensitive Polymers VII) Mechanism of Photosensitized Curing Reaction of Cinnamoylated Polymers

김광섭,심정섭,Kim, Kwang-Sup,Shim, Jyong-Sup Korean Chemical Society 1966 대한화학회지 Vol.10 No.4

cinnamoylated photosensitive polymer의 광증감 경화반응기구를 반응속도론적으로 연구했다. Cinnamic acid(C)와 증감제(S)의 first excited singlet and lowest triplet energy level diagram과 증감제의 농도증가에 따른 sensitivity의 포화 등의 사실로부터 이 반응의 주요과정은 C와 S의 광 energy흡수에 의한 $C^{*(1)}$ 및 $S^{*(1)}$로의 여기, $S^{*(1)}{\to}S^{*(3)}$ intersystem crossing, S의 excimer 형성, $S^{*(3)}{\to}C^{*(3)}$ energy transfer 그리고 $C^{*(3)}$와 C의 termination 등임을 가정하고 다음 반응속도를 구했다. $-\frac{d[C]}{dt} = \frac{K_1[C]}{K_2 + [C]}[\frac{I^c_{abs}}{K_3 + [S]} + \frac{K_4[C]}{(K_5 + [C])(K_6 + [S])}(I^s_{abs} + \frac{K_7I^c_{abs}[S]}{K_8 + [S]})]$ $I^c_{abs}$와 $I^s_{abs}$ ;C 및 S의 광흡수율 $K_n$;상수 적외선 흡수스펙트럼 분석의 결과, Cinnamoyl 에스테르화도와 sensitivity의 관계 및 증감제의 농도와 sensitivity의 관계에 대하여 발표된 실험 data는 윗식을 만족시키므로 가정한 반응기구에 대한 뒷받침을 얻었다. The multistep mechanism of photosensitized curing reaction cinnamoylated photosensitive polymer is proposed from the energy level diagram of cinnamic acid and sensitizer, and from the fact that excess of sensitizer brings the sensitivity to a limiting value etc. Various factors which have effects on the ability of sensitizer are also discussed. The mechanism involves following steps: activation to the first excited singlet states of cinnamoyl group(C) and sensitizer(S) by their absorption of photon, their intersystem crossing to the lowest triplet state, bimolecular internal quenching by formation of excimer of sensitizer, triplet excitation energy transfer and intermolecular addition between cinnamoyl group in ground state and that in triplet state. The rate equation derived from this mechanism is $-\frac{d[C]}{dt} = \frac{K_1[C]}{K_2 + [C]}[\frac{I^c_{abs}}{K_3 + [S]} + \frac{K_4[C]}{(K_5 + [C])(K_6 + [S])}(I^s_{abs} + \frac{K_7I^c_{abs}[S]}{K_8 + [S]})]$ where $I^c_{abs}\;and\;I^s_{abs}$: the rates of absorption of photon by cinnamoyl group and sensitizer $K_n$: Constants. It is proved with the cinnamate of poly(glyceryl phthalate)(PGC) in the absence of sensitizer using the infrared analytical method and successfully applied for the experimental data reported on the effects of the degree of cinnamoyl esterification and the concentration of sensitizer upon the sensitivity.

DNS 정보 검색 연동 기법을 이용한 침해 사고 예방 시스템 설계

김광섭,박영길,노승환,김봉현,Kim, Kwang-Sup,Park, Young-Gil,Ro, Soong-Hwan,Kim, Bong-Hyun 한국정보통신학회 2012 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.16 No.9

최근 정보보안의 흐름은 사용자 중심으로 변화가 되고 있다. 이는 사용자가 인터넷을 하는 동안 정상적 및 비정상적으로 유입되는 유해한 파일에 의한 보안사고가 대부분이라는 의미이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 DNS에 대한 신뢰성을 향상시키고 DNS를 이용한 시스템 제어를 통해 침해사고를 사전에 예방할 수 있는 보안 시스템을 설계하고자 한다. 즉 사용자 중심의 정보보안 시스템으로 사용자 컴퓨터에 감염된 유해 파일이 임의로 사이트를 접속하는 행위에 대하여 차단할 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. Recently the flow of information security has become a user-centered change. This is mostly breach of security by the normal and abnormal entering harmful files during user internet. Therefore, we would like to design security system that breach of security can be prevented in advance to improve using the reliability of DNS and system control in this paper. In other words, we would like to suggest method can be block randomly to access the site which information security system of user-centric is breached harmful files infected in user computer.

결정론(determinism)과 비결정론(non-determinism)에 대한 소고

김광섭(Kim Kwang sup)(金光燮) 형태론 2016 형태론 Vol.18 No.1

병합과 관련하여 제기되는 중요한 쟁점 중의 하나는 병합이 자유롭게 발생하느냐 아니면 자질점검 때문에 발생하느냐 하는 것이다. 최근에 출판된 양동휘(2015)의 저서 『신최소주의 이론: 비결정론』에서는 모든 병합은 자유롭게 발생한다는 강력한 비결정론을 옹호하고 있다. 그에 따르면 선택적 이동이나 중간지점으로의 이동은 자유로운 병합을 활용하지 않으면 설명할 수 없으며, 더 나아가 의무적 이동을 포함한 모든 이동은 자유롭게 발생한다고 주장한다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 양동휘(2015)의 주장을 비판적으로 검토한 뒤, 양동휘의 주장과는 반대로 모든 종류의 이동은 자질점검 때문에 발생한다는 것을 입증함으로써 결정론이 옳음을 보이고 있다. One of the issues revolving around ‘merge’ is whether it is free or it is induced by an edge feature, as Chomsky(2008) argues. Recently, Yang(2015) proposes that every instance of merge is free, favoring non-determinism over determinism. He argues that optional movement and movement into intermediate positions cannot be explained without recourse to free merge, and taking it one step further, he proposes that every instance of merge, including obligatory movement, is free. According to him, his theory of non-determinism leads to the null hypothesis in generative grammar. However, this article critically reviews Yang(2015), proposing that all types of movement turn out to provide evidence in favor of determinism, contra Yang.

부정형(infinitive) 관계절과 외현적(overt) 관계대명사의 분포에 관한 연구

김광섭 ( Kwang Sup Kim ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2011 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.53

One of the remarkable differences between finite relative clauses and infinitive relative clauses lies in the presence of overt relative pronouns. Unlike finite relative clauses, infinitive relative clauses do not permit overt relative pronouns except the case in which prepositions are pied-piped. This paper proposes that the distribution of overt relative pronouns can be captured by the constraint that both the relative pronoun and the modifying marker to must be adjacent to its antecedent. If there is an overt relative pronoun, to cannot be adjacent to the antecedent, which results in ungrammaticality. This paper extends this Adjacency approach to the phenomenon that there is no overt relative pronoun in Korean. I argue that if there were an overt relative pronoun in Korean, no grammatical sentence could be generated, for it could not be adjacent to the antecedent or would prevent the modifying marker (n)un from being adjacent to the antecedent.

Korean IHRC Has a Gap

Kwang-sup Kim(김광섭) 한국언어학회 2022 언어 Vol.47 No.2

A Note on Control Shift

김광섭(Kwang-Sup Kim) 한국생성문법학회 2021 생성문법연구 Vol.31 No.1

This squib is concerned with control shift: the phenomenon that subject control predicates turn into object control predicates, and vice versa (Larson 1991). Control shift appears to cast doubt on the Movement Theory of Control, but this squib shows that the phenomenon does not pose a threat to the Movement Theory of Control but rather supports it. It is shown that control shift arises only when the predicate permits a double object construction (DOC) , and hence the to-infinitive can be taken to be a nominal complement. If the to-infinitive is not a nominal, extraction out of it is permitted and hence the closest DP serves as the controller, provided that control is movement, and if, on the other hand, it is a nominal, extraction out of a nominal to-infinitive is not permitted and so the closest DP may not be the controller. This squib shows that control shift takes place when a predicate allows a DOC, which opens up the possibility that the to-infinitive can be the direct object—a nominal.

Mobile IP 구현과 핸드오프 성능

김광섭(Kwang Sup Kim),이영탁(Young Tak Lee) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2007 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.12 No.1

In this thesis, the Mobile IP Protocol for Internet Service was implemented and proved. Mobile IP is a mechanism for maintaining transparent network connectivity to mobile hosts. We implemented Mobile WebCam with the service which the Mobile Node offers and We make prearrangement due to MIPv4 in a Portable Device for Internet service at a protocol implementation plan to the reference. We expect that we will do the practical use possible to QoS a measurement test bed of a multimedia service.

A Minimalist Analysis of Asymmetries in A/A"-movement: Focusing on Reconstruction effects

Kwang-sup Kim(김광섭) 한국생성문법학회 2006 생성문법연구 Vol.16 No.1

  It is quite well-known that there are A/A" asymmetries in reconstruction effects. The main claim of this paper is that A-movement is a movement into the SPEC of a potential predicate, while A"-movement is a movement into the SPEC of a non-predicate. Movement produces multiple copies and one copy must be associated with a predicate at LF, but the copy in A"-position cannot. Therefore, a copy in A-position must be interpreted, which triggers A/A" asymmetries in reconstruction effects. This paper also attempts to explain the operator/variable asymmetries and the complement/adjunct asymmetries. In an attempt to explain these asymmetries, I propose that the scope effects of movement must be preserved at LF, and that interpreting more than one copies is permitted at LF as well as at PF, if required by grammatical principles like the Principle of Full Interpretation.

표제달기 모순

김광섭 ( Kwang Sup Kim ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2010 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.47

Some lexical items like and are heads but they cannot determine the grammatical category of their projection, whereas some lexical items like what can determine the grammatical category of the whole projection in a certain configuration even though they are not heads. These are referred to as labeling paradoxes. This paper explores the possibility of explaining the two types of labeling paradox by assuming that the label is not a lexical item but a bundle of features. It is proposed that the first type of labeling paradox arises from the fact that the words like and do not have grammatical category features, and the second type of paradox takes place because the internal merge can be an adjunction.