응급의료센터 성과 평가 기준개발과 적용

강철환,김윤,이평수,권영대,김창엽,신영수,Kang, Chul-Hwan,Kim, Yoon,Lee, Pyung-Soo,Kwon, Young-Dae,Kim, Chang-Yup,Shin, Young-Soo 대한예방의학회 1997 예방의학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Currently, there are 100 community emergency centers which expect to provide professional emergency care like Level 1 trauma centers in U.S.A. To evaluate perforance of emergency centers, most studies have been widely adopted death rate based methods such as Trauma and Injury Severity Score(TRISS) and A Severity Characterization of Trauma(ASCOT). However, these methods are only applicable in situation where registration process of trauma patients is well established. Therefore, an alternative method should be applied to evaluate performance of emergency centers in Korea which does not have well-developed registration scheme. This study aims to develop new performance measures which are applicable to Korea and evaluate performance of 35 community emergency centers through new measures. The new measures are included that 'W-statistic' ; death rate calculated on the basis of International Classification based Injury Severity Score(ICISS), and 'the degree of severity' ; rate of severe trauma patients of each emergency medical centers. The study results can be summarized as follows. First, about 34% of sample emergency centers show they provide proper care in terms of their function. Second, tertiary hospitals, university hospitals, and hospitals located in Seoul show higher severity degree of patients and lower severity-adjusted death rate.

참깨의 비닐피복 기계화 일관작업 체계 연구

강철환,이병규,안병옥,박충범,노재환,이성우,이승택,홍종태,이선호,김석현,이상철,김완석,Kang, Chul-Whan,Lee, Byoung-Kyu,Ahn, Byoung-Ok,Park, Choong-Bum,Roh, Jae-Hwan,Lee, Seong-Woo,Lee, Seung-Tack,Hong, Jong-Tae,Lee, Sun-Ho,Kim, Seok-Hyeon 한국작물학회 1997 한국작물학회지 Vol.42 No.5

This study was carried out to develop and investigate integrated mechanization system on polyethylene(P.E.) film mulching culture in sesame. Field trials were carried out to develop optimum mechanics for each step of manual operation in sesame culture and demonstrated those developed mechanics of sesame dibbling vinyl mulcher, sesame binder, sesame thresher and sesame grader at the farmer, s field of Hwasong (Kyunggi-do) in 1994 and 1995. Newly developed sesame dibbling vinyl mulcher brought saving manpower 280 hrs /ha for sowing and P.E. film mulching with it's 98% of labour saving for the harvesting operation of sesame. Sesame Binder showed 93% labour saving for cutting and binding with only 22 hrs /ha compared to 330 hrs /ha that of conventional. Sesame thresher was appeared to have 85% effects of labour saving for threshing with completely dry sesame bundles at one time by 23 hrs /ha compared to 151 hrs /ha that of conventional. Sesame grader was appeared to have 72% effects for sesame grain grading with 12 hrs /ha compared to that of conventional 54 hrs /ha. Grain yield of integrated mechanization culture system showed 6% higher than that of coventional. Integrated mechanization culture system (sesame dibbling vinyl mulcher + sesame binder + sesame thresher + sasame grader) showed 62% of labour saving effects through whole steps of sesame culture by 472 hrs /ha compared to that of conventional 1, 230 hrs /ha.

중환자실의 중증도 보정 사망률 변이

강철환 ( Chul Hwan Kang ),김용익 ( Yong Ik Kim ),이은정 ( Eun Jung Lee ),박건희 ( Kun Hee Park ),이진석 ( Jin Seok Lee ),김윤 ( Yoon Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.6

Background: This study aimed to estimate risk adjusted mortality rate in the ICUs (Intensive care units) by APACHE (Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation) III for revealing the performance variation in ICUs. Methods: This study focused on 1,090 patients in the ICUs of 18 hospitals. For establishing risk adjusted mortality predictive model, logistic regression analysis was performed. APACHE III, surgery experience, admission route, and major disease categories were used as independent variables. The performance of each model was evaluated by c-statistic and goodness-of-fit test of Hosmer-Lemeshow. Using this predictive model, the performance of each ICU was tested as ratio of predictive mortality rate and observed mortality rate. Results: The average observed mortality rate was 24.1%. The model including APACHE III score, admission route, and major disease categories was signified as the fittest one. After risk adjustment, the ratio of predictive mortality rate and observed mortality rate was distributed from 0.49 to 1.55. Conclusions: The variation in risk adjusted mortality among ICUs was wide. The effort to reduce this quality difference is needed. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57: 698∼703)

참깨의 開花 및 登熟에 관한 硏究 Ⅸ. 참깨 有限開花性의 遺傳分析

Bong Ho Lee(李奉鎬),Jung Il Lee(李正日),Nak Sul Seong(成洛戌),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬),Sung Il Kim(金成日),Chul Whan Kang(姜哲煥) 한국육종학회 1990 한국육종학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Breeding of determinate-flowering type in sesame is being attempted in Crop Experiment Station. In an attempt to make a gene analysis of the determinate-flowering characteristics, two set of F₁, F₂, BC₁F₁, BC₂F₁ which made using Ahnsan and Hanseom as an indeterminate parent and SIGH8705-2 as a determinate parent were applied in the experiment in 1989. Among the characteristics of determinate parent, number of capsules per plant were lesser than those of the indeterminate varieties which is important characteristics to be improved in determinate-flowering type. Inheritance of determinate-flowering characteristics is recognized to be controlled by the single recessive gene, from the segregation ratio of indeterminate and determinate as 3:1 in F₂ population of indeterminate and determinate cross, and 1:1 in test cross of BC₂F₁ population.

참깨의 種間雜種育成에 관한 硏究 Ⅰ. 참깨 野生種의 特性과 交雜親和性

Jung Il Lee(李正日),Bong Ho Lee(李奉鎬),Nak Sul Seong(成洛戌),Chui Whan Kang(姜哲煥) 한국육종학회 1990 한국육종학회지 Vol.22 No.4

To utilize wild alien gene sources for multi-resistance to several major diseases of sesame, two wild species, Sesamum alatum (2n=26) and S. radiatum (2n=64) were examined on the agronomical characters and cross affinities with cultivated species. S. radiatum showed perennial habit while S. alatum appeared on annual plant habitate like cultivated species. Both species are branched and late maturing with light grain weight. They were highly resistance to seedling blight, phytophthora blight, fusarium wilt and leaf blight. Their cross affinities with cultivated species were very high with bearing capsules from 8 to 70% in the almost all the crosses. However, those seeds were not germinated mainly due to immaturity. Therefore it may be necessary to rescue fertilized-embryos by in vitro technique.

참깨 品質 改良에 關한 硏究 Ⅴ. 참깨 種實 蛋白質 아미노酸 組成의 品種間 差異

Jung Il Lee(李正日),Chul Whan Kang(姜哲煥),Bong Ho Lee(李奉鎬),Jin Ki Bang(方鎭淇) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Amino-acid composition of sesame seed protein was analyzed for 46 varieties of the domestic and introduced germplasms. Total essential amino-acid content including arginine, histidine, lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine was the highest in korean local varieties while the korean improved varieties showed the lowest content of total essential amino-acid. Among the seed-coat colors, black seed-coat varieties were better than white seed-coat varieties in total amino-acid content of the 15 analyzed components. Among the varieties analyzed, Baekpokojong, Samcheog, Early russian, Japanese black, and PI 258372 showed relatively high total essential amino-acid content. Therefore those varieties were expected as an available gene source for the improvement of essential amino-acid composition in protein of sesame seed. From the results obtained, it was prospected to improve amino-acid composition in protein of sesame seed through appropriate recurrent selection using higher total amino-acid germplasm of sesame.

참깨의 種間雜種 育成에 관한 硏究 Ⅱ. S. indicum × S. radiatum間의 種間雜種 育成

Bong Ho Lee(李奉鎬),Jung Il Lee(李正日),Nak Sul Seong(成洛戌),Chul Whan Kang(姜哲煥),Chung Hun Park(朴忠獻) 한국육종학회 1991 한국육종학회지 Vol.23 No.1

To breed a multi-resistant midparent for several major diseases in sesame, interspecific hybridization between S. indicum (2n=26) and S. radiatum(2n=64) was attempted by the premature embryo culture method in 1988 at the green house and culture room of the Crop Experiment Station. Before the hybrid embryo culture attempted, pre-experiments were performed with selfed seed embryo in each S. indicum and S. radiatum to confirm the optimum culture time, seed part and media of which applied in premature embryo culture of the interspecific hybridization. With the application of the pre-experiment results, premature hybrid embryos were cultured on MS medium with 16-20 days old embryo. Six plants of which 2.52% of the cultured embryo were induced from the premature hybrid embryo culture of S. indicum×S. radiatum. The six plants showed intermediate of the parents in plant characteristics with 2n=45 somatic chromosomes and semi-sterility. The progenies derived from the interspecific cross is being tested of their characteristics and disease resistance in field condition.

참깨 開花 登熟에 關한 硏究 Ⅹ. 참깨 有限 新草型의 開花 및 착삭習性

Chul Whan Kang(姜哲煥),Jung Il Lee(李定日),Bong Ho Lee(李奉鎬),Nak Sul Seong(成洛戌),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1991 한국육종학회지 Vol.23 No.4

This experiment was performed to investigate the flowering and capsule setting habit of newly developed determinate mutant in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Varieties tested could be classified into new plant type by it’s morphological trait of determinance with capsule shape, capsule setting and branching habit compared to reported 9 different plant types in this series. Flowers were appeared progressively toward the tip of the main stem and also toward the tips of branches except the terminal flower flowering at the 2nd day on each main stem and branchs of DBTB terminal (Determinate, Branches, Tricapsules, Bicarpels Quadriloculi) type. Flowers and capsules were beared on secondary branches in DBTB type which is contrasted with unbearing secondary branches in indeterminate type. Flowering order of DBTB type was the earliest on main stem, intermediate on primary branches and the latest on secondary branches, and flowers were appeared progressively from upper part toward lower part in primary branches. DBTB type showed higher inflorescence due to 12 days shorter flowering period compared to that of indeterminate type therefore this will be idealistic character for the purpose of breeding combining harvester adapting varieties in sesame. Capsule bearing ratio was the highest on main stem, intermediate on primary branches and the lowest on secondary branches in DBTB type. Capsule bearing ratio of DBTB type showed decreasing tendancy day by day after first flowering. DBTB type was considered as ideal plant type for labour saving combining harvesting with higher yield ability due to it’s higher inflorescence, flowering and capsule bearing on even secondary branches which do not develop in indeterminate plant types.

참깨 품질 개량에 관한 연구 제1보 참깨 유질평가와 지방산조성의 품질간 차이

이정일,강철환,Jung-Il Lee 한국작물학회 1980 Korean journal of crop science Vol.25 No.1

참깨의 유질을 개량하기 위한 기초연구로 참깨유구성지방산 종류별 함량의 품종간 차리와 조성의 특성을 밝히고자 시험을 하였는 바 기 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 불포화지방산인 Olieic acid는 평균 39% 함유 되어 있으며 최저함량은 32.6%에서 최고함량은47.3%까지 14.7%의 변이복을 가지적 주지방산인 Linoleic acid의 함량은 평균적으로 45.8%이며 최w저 31.1%에서 최고 54.9%까지 무려 23.8%의 품종간 차를 보였다. 2. 포화지방산인 Palmitic acid와 Stearic acid의 함량에서는 Palmitic acid의 평균함량은 9.5% 최저 4.6%, 최고 18%로서 13.4%의 품종간 차이가 있으며 Stearic acid 평균함량 4.8%, 최저 1%에서 최고 9%까지 8%의 품종간 변이를 보였다. 3. 품종 유래에 따른 지방산 조성 차이를 보면 한국품종과 미국품종들이 Palmitic, Stearic acid 함량이 가장 낮고 필수지방산인 Linoleic acid 함량이 가장 높았는데 특히 한국품종은 가장 양질유 품종들이었다. 대체로 재배기간의 온도가 높을수록 포화 지방산 함량이 높은 경향이었다. 4. 특히 한국재래종은 불포화양질유지방산 함량이 세계적으로 가장 높았으며 재래종인 만성종은 Linoleic acid 함량이 54.9%이며 Oleic + Linoleic acid 함량이 92%에 이르러 참깨 지방산 개량육종에 중요한 유전자원이라 할 수 있다. 5. 참깨 종피색별 지방산조성 차이에서는 양질지방산인 Linoleic acid 함량과 Oleic acid함량이 가장 높았던 것은 황색 종피종(47.5%)이었으며 그다음이 갈색 종피종이었다. 6. 지방산 조성의 숙기별 차를 보면 포화지방산에서는 숙기별 차이가 거의 없으나 불포화지방산중 Oleic acid는 조숙에서 만숙으로 갈수록 함량이 감소하는데 반해서 Linoleic acid는 만숙일수록 함량이 증가하는 경향이었다. 특히 조숙종에서는 Oleic acid 함량이 Linoleic acid 함량보다 약간 더 높아서 중ㆍ만숙종과 조성 패턴이 다름을 보여 주었다. 7 착과습성에 따른 지방산조성 차이에서는 1과성은 포화지방산이 높고 3과성은 불포화지방산중 Linoleic acid 함량이 1과성보다 월등히 높았으나 Oleic acid 함량은 1과성보다 약관 낮은 편이었다. 8. 실방수 차이에서는 3과성 2실4수이 불포화지방산이 가장 높았고 포화지방산에서는 1과성 2실4수이 가장 높았다. 4실8수에서는 일정한 영향이 보이지 않았다. 9. 지방산 간의 상관관계를 보면 불포화지방산과 포화지방산 간에는 r =-0.955**의 높은 부의 상관을 보여 지방산 개량육종의 전망을 밝게 해주며 O1eic과 Linoleic acid간에도 에우 높은 부상관을 나타내고 있어 필수지방산 함량을 높이는 개량 육종도 가능하다. The 165 collections originated from domestic and foreign countries were tested to evaluate the fatty acid composition of sesame for using as a basic research for oil quality improvement. The Korean and American varieties were lower content in saturated fatty acid and higher especially in unsaturated fatty acids (Oleic and Linoleic acid) than those of other regions. Varieties from temperate areas were higher in unsaturated fatty acid than that of varieties from tropical areas. On the other hand, the varieties which were late matured and had yellow seed coat color and set three capsules showed higher in unsaturated fatty acids than those of early matured, white seed coat and one capsules. Since there was significantly negative correlation between unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid contents, it was possible to improve the fatty acid composition of sesame.

비닐被覆期間이 雜草群落形成과 참깨의 競合力에 미치는 影響

李正日(Lee, J. I),姜哲煥(C. W. Kang),權容雄(Y. W. Kwon) 韓國雜草學會 1986 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.6 No.1