Stages in the Attrition of English Passives

강상구 한국언어학회 2012 언어 Vol.37 No.4

A longitudinal study of two Korean sisters who returned to Korea after living in the U.S. for two years shows how English attrition can affect their use of passive construction. A comprehension task and a production task were used to collect data from these children for more than three years. The results show that when attrition strikes, production is likely to be affected before comprehension because their ability to understand English passives did not show signs of attrition while production was affected, which supports the regression hypothesis that suggests the path of attrition is the mirror image of the path of acquisition. Then, close examination of the younger sister's results demonstrated that attrition in production can go through some stages. The earliest signs of attrition in passives are producing various errors that did not occur when she was proficient. After that stage, she started avoiding passives, substituting her answers with actives.

Anaphoricity and Accommodation: A Comparison of Too in English and -To in Korean

강상구 한국현대언어학회 2019 언어연구 Vol.35 No.1

Previous studies of -to in Korean have assumed a certain degree of parallelism between the Korean particle and too in English. This paper presents a set of cases involving -to in Korean which stand in clear contrast with the usage of too in English. Following Kripke's observation that too in English requires an antecedent in active contexts, Geurts and van der Sandt and others treat it as an anaphoric presupposition trigger and relate the anaphoricity of the particle with its inability to accommodate its presupposition. We show that -to in Korean cannot be handled by an anaphoric approach because it can either have antecedents in non-active contexts, or no antecedent at all. We propose a non-anaphoric analysis of Korean -to and argue that the lack of anaphoricity of -to allows it to accommodate its presupposition easily, unlike too in English.

A Semantics of Korean Predicates Denoting Spontaneous Vertical Motion

강상구 언어과학회 2019 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.89

This paper aims to provide compositional analyses of Korean serial verb constructions comprised of a verb of vertical motion and a deictic verb. To identify the roles of verbs of vertical motion, Hay, Kennedy, and Levin's (1999) approach to so-called degree achievement verbs is adopted, where they are defined in terms of “difference value.” Specifically, oluta ‘rise' and naylita ‘fall' denote the differential obtained through vertical motion, and do not encode any internal phases of progression constituting the motion. This characterization is compatible with the variable telicity that the Korean vertical motion verbs exhibit. On the other hand, the deictic verb kata ‘go' is taken to be an atelic process verb. Hence, simplex oluta and naylita denote a difference value resulting from a vertical movement, while serial verb constructions ollakata ‘go up' and naylyekata ‘go down' describe the process as well as the result of the motion.

Manner-Result Complementarity and the Serial Verb Construction in Korean

강상구 대한언어학회 2019 언어학 Vol.27 No.2

The serial verb construction in Korean has been studied extensively due to the complexity and diversity of the construction. Accordingly, there hasn't been much agreement on its syntactic or semantic properties. The current paper deals with a particular set of so-called serial verb constructions in Korean, and seek to identify its semantic property by examining the behavior of its constituent verbs. The aim of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, it argues against the proposal that the manner-result complementarity espoused by Levin and Rapaport Hovav hold in Korean. While Levin and Rapaport Hovav have long been claiming that the two semantic components are not lexicalized by a single verb, Beaver and Koontz-Garboden (2017) objected that some verbs are found to entail both manner and result. In line with Beaver and Koontz-Garboden's analysis of climb, I show that some Korean verbs can have both manner and result components. Secondly, in the Korean serial verb construction, I claim that the semantic properties of verbs, such as manner and result, do not play a crucial role. I propose, given two verbs employed in the construction, a structural constraint on the relation between them: namely, the event denoted by the first verb serves as a sufficient condition for a necessary condition for the event denoted by the second verb.

The semantics and pragmatics of the focus particle -na in Korean

강상구 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2015 언어연구 Vol.32 No.2

Korean has a diverse array of post-nominal particles, from which the speaker of a sentence can select one as the most appropriate for the semantic and pragmatic imports she intends to convey. The current approach tackles the issue of identifying the semantic contribution of -na in some constructions, and explaining seemingly divergent discourse effects of utterances employing the particle. Previous major studies, such as Yang (1973) and Ryu (2013), offered univocal analyses of diverse uses of -na, but failed to offer intuitively plausible accounts of the particle. The present study limits its purview on the so-called ‘second-best’ usage of -na, and utilizes the notions of subjective pragmatic scale and addressee orientation to identify its semantic core which bears on the relevant data. More specifically, within the focus particle framework, it is proposed that the particle indicate the addressee's unfavorable view toward the focus value as the speaker sees it. Speakers may use it to contrast the addressee's attitude toward the focus value with that toward an alternative value, which can be null. Furthermore, it is claimed that the particle’s semantic contribution is better categorized as conventional implicature, rather than presupposition or assertion as previous studies have contended.

InSAR 정보 서비스 스마트폰 어플리케이션 설계 및 시험 구현

강상구,이기원 大韓遠隔探査學會 2011 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.27 No.5

스마트폰 등과 같은 다양한 모바일 단말 환경에서 공간정보를 활용하고자 하는 응용 분야와 오픈플랫폼 또는 오픈 소스를 기반으로 하는 응용 시스템 개발 요구가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 상황은 위성영상정보 분야의 응용 분야 확대와 산업적 활용을 위한 중요한 계기가 될 수 있다. 이는 전통적인 위성영상정보처리나 분석과는 다른 접근 방식이 필요하다. 본 연구는 다양한 공간정보 중에서 중요한 정보 자원으로 인식되고 있는 SAR 정보를 대상으로 한다. 우선적으로는 오픈소스를 기반으로 한 위상간섭 기법처리 응용 프로그램을 자체적으로 구현하였다. 다음 단계에서는 이를 이용하여 시험적으로 SAR 정보를 처리한 뒤, 중요 처리 결과를 데이터베이스에 구축하였다. 이와 같이 구축된 InSAR 처리 정보를 스마트폰 사용자의 단말 요구 사항에 따라 메타데이터 정보와 함께 시각적 표현 기능을 제공하는 어플리케이션 설계 및 구현을 수행하였고 주요 결과를 본 논문에서 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구는 다양한 SAR 정보를 스마트폰으로 제공하는 방식에 대한 접근 방식을 제시한 것으로 복합형 위성영상정보 자원이나 파생 콘텐츠를 스마트폰으로 서비스하고자 하는 경우 직접 활용이 가능하다. Nowadays, demands with respect to applications based on geo-based information on mobile device such as smartphone and those based on open platform or open source have been increasing. This trend can be regarded as significant opportunities to widen application fields and to expand industry business cases using satellite imagery. However, it needs a different approach from conventional remote sensing researches. This work focuses on SAR among many kinds of geo-based data resources. First, an application for Interferometric SAR processing based on open source was implemented. And using this, InSAR data was processed and stored into database. When smartphone users at any places request InSAR results, they can receive InSAR information and concerned metadata on their device. An smartphone application for this task was designed and implemented in this study. This provides a practical way for SAR service for smartphone, and can apply to build mobile service system of complex and compound types of remote sensing resources and their derived contents.

Korean -lato and the pragmatic scale

강상구 언어과학회 2023 언어과학연구 Vol.- No.105

In the literature, the Korean scalar focus particle -lato has been studied in terms of scales of ‘likelihood’ and ‘favorability.’ While these scales seem to capture the meaning of the particle in some instances, there are other cases where they are not applicable. This paper adopts a pragmatic scale of ‘satisfaction’ along with a threshold of acceptability. It claims that the speaker of the sentence containing the particle presents the prejacent as barely acceptable for a particular requirement prominent in the context. This enables us to explain the various ways –lato contributes semantically to the meaning of the entire sentence.

비정상적인 배뇨(Abnormal Mictutition) -배뇨장해, 요의 빈삭, 배뇨 곤란-

강상구 대한수의사회 1993 대한수의사회지 Vol.29 No.5

포스터 전시 발표 : 순환기, 호흡기 ; 망상 결절성 폐침윤으로 발현한 원발성 NK/T세포 폐림프종

강상구,정금모,박효숙,곽진영,김귀완 대한내과학회 2002 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.63 No.-

Scopal Variation of Korean Focus Particle -Lato

강상구 한국언어과학회 2023 언어과학 Vol.30 No.3

Previously, the Korean focus particle -lato has been studied predominantly with respect to its uses in irrealis sentences. This paper focuses on its uses in realis sentences and claims that its scope can vary depending on the context. Specifically, the particle’s scope can be either the clause containing it, which is how it has been viewed in previous research, or a verb phrase. The paper argues that when its scope is over the verb phrase, the speaker compares two properties, rather than situations or events, which belong to different persons. The paper shows that this scopal variation is not limited to realis sentences, but also found in irrealis sentences. Hence, the subclausal scope cannot be treated as an exceptional phenomenon reserved for marginal cases. The current study also finds that contrast marking of -nun plays a significant role in the cases of subclausal scope.