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      • KCI등재

        美國 有限責任會社(Limited Liability Company)의 특성에 관한 硏究

        박세화 연세법학회 2002 연세법학 Vol.8 No.2

        The limited liability company("LLC") is a hybrid entity that is neither a partnership nor a corporation but combines many features of both. The LLC is the first statutory business form to offer entrepreneurs limited liability as to outsiders, pass-through tax treatment as to the government, and a decentralized governance structure among co-venturers. The LLC has become a popular business form because of the advantages on the tax and liability aspects. Given the rapid spread of statutes and the large number of business enterprises that are using the LLC in some states, some U.S. commentators have predicted the end of close corporations, S corporation, partnership. I think, however, that this combination of limited liability, pass-through tax treatment and some decentralized governance traits in LLCs is not on the firmest ground. It is necessary to examine the LLC's characteristics with a focus on the three questions. 1)Relations among co-venturers, 2)How limited is the liability?, 3)How sure is the tax benefit? The result of my study is that we have to be concerned about the application of traditional doctrines such as piercing the entity's veil. Also, I believe that the U.S. Court will tame this new beast, LLCs. I try to study on the LLC in order to root the U.S. LLC system into Korean limited liability company.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재후보

        언론기업과 경쟁질서

        박세화 한국경제법학회 2007 경제법연구 Vol.6 No.1

        Regulation over the newspaper and broadcasting business is composed on two levels; one is based on 「the commercial law」 ․ 「the monopoly regulation and fair trade act」 and the other is based on the individual special act, 「the newspaper act」 ․ 「the telecommunication act」 ․ 「the broadcasting act」. 「The commercial law」 prescribes regulations of the ownership(government) ․ marketing structure and 「the monopoly regulation and fair trade act」 regulate over the market dominant enterprises ․ unfair trades in the area of mass media. Then the special act(「the newspaper act」 ․ 「the telecommunication act」 ․ 「the broadcasting act」) has for the purpose of strengthening the competition policies in mass media. This paper deals with these violation problem of constitutional rule in the regulatory system and proposes the fair and reasonable regulation system over mass media. For reform of those provisions, it needs to be pointed out that most of mass medias are corporations, as a profit-making entity. 주식회사형태를 취하고 있는 대부분의 언론기업은 경제활동을 수행하는 사적인 경제주체임에 틀림없지만, 다른 기업들과는 달리 그 기능상 알권리의 주체인 국민들에게 정보를 제공하고 이에 통하여 국민들의 주권행사가 실질적으로 구현될 수 있다는 점에서 특별한 헌법적 보호를 받는다. 물론 이러한 언론기관의 공적 기능과 역할은 한편으로는 보호의 근거로 작용하지만 또 다른 한편으로는 엄격한 제한의 근거로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 언론기업에 대한 규제제도를 고안함에 있어서는 규제의 논리와 경쟁의 논리 사이에서 고민하지 않을 수 없다. 언론매체가 영업행위를 통해 상법상 영리를 추구하는 상인임에는 틀림없으나, 그 공익성과 사회성 때문에 고도의 공정성이 요구되고 영리 추구를 위한 영업활동의 자유를 충분히 보장받고 있지 못한 것이 사실이다. 각 언론기업은 상법과 공정거래법에 의한 공통적 제한을 비롯하여, 각기 형성된 특별한 법규에 의한 제한을 받는다. 그러면 과연 기업의 영업상 자유가 의미하는 자율적인 사업수행결정범위는 어디까지인가, 헌법적인 제한의 범주 속에서 기업의 자유가 형해화 되지 않는 한계는 어디인가? 이러한 이유에서 언론매체의 소유형태나 지배구조는 아주 중요하다. 소유나 경영의 모양에 따라서 재정충당이나 영업의 운영은 지대한 영향을 받기 때문이다. 신문 및 방송 등 언론매체에 관한 법제는 다양하게 발전되어 왔다. 이들 관련 법률들은 각각의 입법목적에 의한 규제의 논리를 발달시켜 왔기 때문에 수직적․수평적 비교 검토가 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 먼저 상법과 공정거래법 그리고 각 언론기업 특유의 특별법으로 연결되는 현행 규제 체제를 점검하고, 그 문제점과 개선방안에 관한 논의를 하고자 한다.

      • KCI등재후보

        두꺼비 (Bufo gargarizans) 난소주기에 관한 연구

        박세화,고선근 한국환경생물학회 2015 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.33 No.4

        In order to determine the ovarian cycle of Asian Toad, Bufo gargarizans, the developmental stage based on the gonadosomatic index (GSI), size of follicle oocytes in ovary and vitellogenesis for adult females were investigated all around the year. The weight of ovary and GSI were the lowest from April, and all follicle oocytes exist in the pre-vitellogenic form, indicating that the vitellogenesis was suspended. The follicle oocytes in early-vitellogenic stage appeared in ovary during may when the weight of ovary and GSI start to increased, and the follicle oocytes in midvitellogenic and pre-vitellogenic stages existed during June and the weight of ovary and GSI also increased. This indicates that vitellogenesis has been carried out actively during this period. The follicle oocytes in mid-vitellogenic stage and late-vitellogenic stage when the vitellogenesis was also completed existed on September. Post-vitellogenic follicle oocytes after vitellogenesis started to appear from October and rapidly increased from December in hibernation. The full grown follicle oocytes existed during February, indicating the ovarian cycle that all follicle oocytes in ovary are developed separately, not synchronized, during the growing period of follicle oocytes and the postvitellogenic follicle oocytes are maintained the ovulation period.

      • 美國의 會社支配構造 改善에 관한 최근 動向 : 理事會制度에 관한 논의를 중심으로

        박세화 한림대학교 법학연구소 2001 한림법학 FORUM Vol.10 No.-

        After the Monetary Crises in 1997, the Korean Government began to be concerned about the reform of corporate governance. Korean Corporate Law received "accumulated voting systemㆍcommittee system under the board of directorsㆍaudit system and outside directors system" which are classified as American corporate governance. The reform of corporate governance in the Korean Corporate Law was eventually changed to that of the U.S. I design this article as 3 parts. First, I try to examine the American corporate governance with a focus on the board of directors, such as the role of the board directorsㆍcommittee systemㆍthe corporate governance statutes of the State Corporate Law and the ALI(American Law Institute) Principles of Corporate Governance. A second part of this article is "the debate of reform of the U.S. corporate governance and recent movement". We could refer to the current trends of corporate governance reforms in the U.S. respecting to 3 points. 1)Audit Committee Reforms-Audit Committee consists solely of independent directors. 2)Institutional Shareholder Initiatives-Since the 1990s, institutional shareholders have led the corporate governance charge and are principally responsible for the governance trends in America today. I was interested in issues on which institutional shareholders have focused. 3)Models of Corporate Governance-As the tend toward active oversight has developed, many different models of corporate governance have been advanced. This article shows 2 models:Lipton/Lorsch ModelㆍQuinquennial Model. Finally, as a conclusion, I emphasize that many American corporations prefer smaller independent board and we should review and study American corporate legal principles and rules(especially board system, audit committee system, duties of directors and officers, many different models of corporate governance) in order to root American system into Korean corporate governance.

      • 불확정성 선형시스템에 대한 $H_{\inf}$ 노옴 성능 경계를 만족하는 신뢰성 제어시스템의 설계

        박세화,Zeungnam Bien 대한전자공학회 1996 전자공학회논문지-B Vol.b33 No.8

        Design of a reliable control systems is investigated for a class of uncertain linear plants. The uncertainty considered here is for the ase of uncertainty in the system matrix. A decentralized control scheme with two observer-based feedback controllers is developed, and it is shown that the resulting closed-loop system is reliable in the sense that the control scheme provides guaranteed stability and $H_{\infty}$-norm bounded performance in the event of sensor and/or actuator failures as well as in the presence of parameter uncertainties. We observed that soft-type failures were additional exogenous inputs to the closed-loop system. As a results, the sensor and/or actuator failures can be tolerated in the design, which is achieved by extending the methodology developed in.

      • KCI등재

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