外資導入과 韓國經濟 : 외자도입과 한국경제

최태열 釜山大學校 商科大學 1975 釜山商大學報 : 부산대 Vol.20 No.-

Shell Vail Culture를 이용한 단순포진 바이러스 분리

최태열,이규택,박해일,강정옥 대한진단검사의학회 2003 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.23 No.5

목적 : 세포배양을 이용한 Herpes simplex virus (HSV)의 진단은 가장 좋은 방법이기는 하지만, 일부 검체에서는 세포병리효과(cytophathic effect, CPE)를 관찰하기까지 많은 시간이 요구된다. 이에 연구자들은 HSV의 진단을 위하여 신속하고 예민한 배양 방법을 개발하였다.방법 : HSV 감염이 의심되는 13명의 환자에서 채취된 검체를연구에 사용하였다. Shell vial 내의 Vero 단층세포에 검체를 원침하여 접종한 후 배양하였으며, CPE는 도립-위상차 현미경으로5일간 매일 관찰하였다. 검체 접종 2일만에 HSV에 특이한 단클론항체를 이용하여 직접면역형광염색(direct immunofluorescencestain, DIF)을실시하였으며, DIF 염색에 음성인 검체는 shell vial내에 단층세포을 분쇄하여 새로운 shell vial에 재접종을 실시하였다. 중합효소연쇄반응(polymerase chanin reaction, PCR)법은모든 검체에서 실시하였다.결과 : CPE는 접종 후 1, 2, 3, 4 및 5일에 각기 30 (64%), 39(83%), 43 (92%), 44 (94%) 및 46 (98%)예에서 관찰되었다.DIF염색에서는 접종 2일 만에 46 (98%)예가 양성으로 발견되었다. DIF 음성인 검체를 재 접종한 결과 1일 만에 새로운 7예에서328 최태열이규택박해일 외 1인CPE를 관찰할 수가 있었다. PCR법에서 47 (100%)예가 양성으로 나타났다.

裡里農樂을 通한 農樂舞의 指導資料 開發에 關한 硏究

崔泰烈 全北大學校附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1987 논문집 Vol.- No.4

This paper examines some characteristics of the instrumental music of peasants in Iri area through the research of oral reports by the arts possessor. This is a successive study of the topic discussed in my Masters thesis, " A Study on the Dance Accompanied by Instrumental Music in Chonbuk Province," in which I traced the artistic value of peasant music and proposed the urgent need to cultivate male dance performance through comparing the differences between eastern( or right) and western (or left) peasant music. The purpose of this study is two-field: to regionnalize the curricula and to cultivate some materials for the instruction of traditional dance. In this study, the origin and transition of peasant music in Iri area is examined in the context of regional and environmental characteristics, and the change of economical situation accompanied to the social development. I, in the main discourse, studied the formation, color and style of attire, rhythm, contents, and forms of Iri peasant music, especially, the superiority of Seol-jang-gu dance, one of the characteristics of Iri peasant music, and the marching dance with diversity and peculiarity. I found the outstanding arts of Seol-jang-gu dance enabled itself to be appointed as one of the essential intangible cultural properties in the field of Korean folk dance, and the diversity of marching dance was very valuable so as to be cultivated as the essential materials for dance performance. In conclusion, I asserted that the systematic study of Iri peasant music should be pursued in order to hand it down as an important material of folk culture, to materialize it for the curricula from the elementary school to the high scool, and to regionalize the curricula. I also insisted that an appropriate hall should be constructed in order to continue further physical, emotional, aesthetical, and physiological study and to hand it down effectively. And I highly confirmed that investment in the education and cultivation of dance performance are indispensable to the development of Korean athletic dance. Finally, I asserted that the instruction of Iri peasant music should be a kind of local cultural materials so that it might be used as an essential material to cultivate patriotism, host spirit, honor, and frontier spirit.

비임균성 뇨도염 환자에서 Chlamydia trachomatis 검출방법에 관한 연구 (배양법, 효소면역법 및 직접면역형광법의 비교 관찰)

최태열,김춘원,김중환,Choi, Tae-Yeal,Kim, Choon-Won,Kim, Jung-Hwan 대한미생물학회 1986 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common cause in non-gonococcal urethritis. There are several diagnostic methods for Chlamydia trachomatis; culture method using McCoy cell, enzyme immunoassay and direct immunofluorescence staining etc. We have studied a sensitivities of culture, chlamydiazyme and direct immunofluorescence staining(DIF). 85 male patients previously conformed to non-gonococcal urethritis have been selected in this study. Three samples were concurrently collected in the same patient. First sample was used to inoculation in McCoy cell, 2'nd sample was used to Chlamydiazyme test and 3'rd sample was used to direct immunofluorescence staining method. The results are following. 1. All culture, Chlamydiazyme and DIF positive cases are 15/85(17.7%). 2. Culture and Chlamydiazyme positive but DIF negative cases absent. 3. Culture and DIF positive, but Chlamydiazyme negative cases are 2/85(2.4%). 4. Chlamydiazyme and DIF positive, but culture negative cases are 9/85(10.6%). 5. Culture positive, but Chlamydiazyme and DIF negative cases are 6/85(7.1%). 6. Chlamydiazyme positive, but culture and DIF negative cases are 7/85(8.2%). 7. DIF positive, but culture and Chlamydiazyme negative cases are 3/85(3.5%). 8. All culture, Chlamydiazyme and DIF negative cases are 43/85(50.1%). In summarized, anyone positive cases of culture, Chlamydiazymc and DIF are 42/85(49.9%).

중증 감염증에 대한 Mobactam의 임상효과

손정일,최일영,정태준,최태열 대한감염학회 1993 감염 Vol.25 No.2

Mobactam,a new synthetic monobactam, was administered to 27 aptients with severe infections. Clinical evaluations were made after monotherapy according to UTI criteria, as excellent in 5 patients, moderate in 14 patients and poor in 8 patients. Overall clinical effectiveness rate was 70.4%. For those who did not completely cured with mobactam monotherapy (22 patients), addition of ceftriaxone brought 18 more patients including 11 cure patients in clinical effectiveness group. Antibiotic sensitivity tests was performed using 96 gram-negative strains isolated from patients in intensive care units. Mobactam has shown sensitivity of 78% to Pseudomonas spp. which was comparable to amikacin and superior to other available antibiotics tested. For Klebsiella pnaeumoniae, mobactam was the most effective and the prevalence of resistant strains. Overall, mobactam was an effective antibiotic for eradicating gram-nega tive bacilli such as Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., and Proteus spp. Based on this results, we conclude that mobactam can be safely used as a primary antibiotic in patients with severe infections.

폐염구균에 대한 종특이 단세포군 항체의 생산과 임상적 응용에 관한 연구

김덕언,서헌석,김홍석,최태열 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.1

Streptococcal pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonka, meningitis, and otitis media in children. The emergency of penicillin-resistant strain has made difficulty in the management of pneumococcal infection, and rapid and accurate identification become more important. The accurate identification of S. pneumoniae in the clinical microbiology laboratory can be accomplished in many ways. Although the Quellung reaction with polyvalent antiserum is the most accurate and specific test for identifying and typing of pneumococci, it is no longer used routinely in the diagnostic laboratory. Other serologic tests, such as latex agglutination and coagglutination, provide simple and more rapid serological identification of S. pneumoniae from culture. However, pnemococcal strains lacking the same capsular polysaccharide in the capsule cannot be identified by serological tests, and false-positive results may occur because of cross-reactions with other bacteria which possess and antigen similar to pneumococcal polysaccharide, and equivocal serological reactions amy occur when older colonies for mixed cultures are used. Authors tried to make a species-specific monoclonal antibody to S. pneumoniae, and assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the monoclonal antibody for diagnosis of pneumococcal infection. Female Balb/c mice were immunized two times with whole-cell suspension of clinically isolated S. pneumoniae (3×10 ) colony forming unit/0.1ml) by means of intravenous injection. Cell fusion was performed on 10day after 1st immunization using 50.%PEG 1,5000. Culture fluids of the growing hybridomas were tested for antibodies to S. pneumoniae whole cells in an ELISA. Two monoclonal antibodies HMPnl and HMPn2 were 1gM respectively. To evaluate the sensitivity of a specised-specific monoclonal antibodies HMPn1 and HMPn2, 24strains of S. pneumoniae (target) and 11miscellaneous bacteria (Streptococcus group A, B, C ,D ,F ,G ,Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichea coli, Psludomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans) were tested by ELISA. Isolates of S. pneumoniae mainly form the respiratory tract, blood, and spinal fluid were cultured. Miscellaneus 11 bacteria representing of those found in the respiratory tract were selected as nontarget organisms. None of the strains (non-target) tested reacted with monoclonal antibody HMPn1, thus yielding a specificity of 100%, but monoclonal antibody HMPn2 cross reacted with group C Streptococci. The monoclonal antibodies HMPn1 and HMPn2 reacted with all pneumococcal strain tested to yield a sensitivity of 100%. Monoclonal antibodies HMPn1 and HMPn2 can be reacted until 3×10³ CFU S. pneumoniae in dot-ELISA. Immunoglobulin class of monoclonal antibodies HMPn1 and HMPn2 are 1gM respectively. No Quellung reaction was observed in 5 cases of pneumococci with covered with capsule. The monoclonal antibodies HMPn1 and HMPn2 can be reacted with cell membrane of S. pneumoniae to yield positive test result in indirect immunofluorescent assay. The monoclonal antibody HMPn1 reacted with 35KD antigen by Western immunoblot, and the monoclonal antibody HMPn2 reacted with 30 and 35KD protein of S. pneumoniae. In conclusion, the author made a monoclone whose supernatant HMPn1 reacted with 35KD protein of S. pneumoniae, and both of the sensitivity and the specificity of the species-specific monoclonal antibody HMPn1 turned out to be 100%, which suggest the monoclonal antibody HMPn1 can be used for research and diagnosis of S. pneumoniae in clinical laboratory.

HIV 검사

최태열 한양대학교 의과대학 1997 한양의대 학술지 Vol.17 No.2

Detection of HIV antibodies is still the most efficient and most common way to determine whether an individual has been exposed to HIV and to screen blood and blood products for this infections agent. A test is considered positive when assay such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and western blots (immunoblots)are considered reactive. A positive test result indicates exposure and, outside of the perinatal and neonatal period, is presumed to indicate infection by teh virus. The ELISA is the most commonly used to screen for HIV because of its relatively low cost, standardized procedure, high reliability, and ability to give rapid result. Under optimal laboratory conditions, the sensitivity and specificity in most cases are>99%. The Western blot assay is the test most commonly used for confirming the presence of HIV-specific antibodies. However, western blots are more expensive and more time consuming than ELISAs, and they require more technical expertise owing to subjective interpretations, Specificity and sensitivity are high but are some what dependent on the interpretive criteria employed. A definitive test for an active infection is the recovery of HIV from cells or cell-free fluids of the infected individual by using the solid-phase capture technique, indirect immunofluorescence assay, ploymerase chain reaction... etc. Surrogate markers (CD4+ -CEll count, P24 antigen in plasma, 2-microglobulin... etc.) are not only important in predicting the out come of HIV infection but also useful in determining when treatment should be administered. Inconclusion, while awaiting the development of more-effective antiviral therapies, early testing for HIV in potentially infected individuals is recommended to allow prompt medical treatment and surveillance and to prevent the spread of the virus to other individuals.

전국 주요 병원에서 분리된 호기성 그람음성 간균의 항균제 감수성

정윤섭,이경원,서진태,김의종,배직현,이규만,최태열 대한감염학회 1996 감염 Vol.28 No.2

목 적 : 우리나라의 항균제 내성 연구는 대부분이 일부 3차 진료 병원에서 분리된 세균에 대한 것이므로 지방이나 작은 병원 혹은 외래환자에서 분리된 세균의 내성률은 확실치 않으므로, 여러 지역에 위치한 병상수가 많고 적은 여러 병원에서 분리된 세균의 내성률을 파악하고자 하였고, 또한 근래 증가되기 시작한 fluoroquinolone 내성 E. coli, cepha-3 내성 K. pneumoniae, imipenem 내성 P. aeruginosa가 지방이나 작은 병원에서도 분리되고 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 방 법 : 전국 72개 병원에서 1994년 11월부터 1995년 2월사이에 분리하여 감수성이 시험된 자료를 조사하여, 그 중 67개병원에서 분리된 호기성 그람음성 간균 13종 30,599주에 대한 내성률을 지역별, 병상수별로 분석하였다. 결 과 : Enterobacteriaceae의 흔히 사용되는 항균제에 대한 평균 내성률은 높아서 ampicillin에 대해 83%, cephalothin 50%, gentamicin 31%, tobramycin 30%, cotrimoxazole 40%, tetracycline 54%이었다. P. aeruginosa의 평균 내성률은 carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, gentamicin, tobramycin 에 대해서 30% 이상이었으나, 다른 항균제에 대해서는 낮아서 amikacin 26%, aztreonam 17%, ceftazidime 12%, imipenem 11% 이었다. 작은 병원에서 분리된 세균의 내성률은 큰 병원 분리 세균의 내성률과 현저한 차이가 없었으나, E. coli의 fluoroquinolone 내성률은 큰 병원에서 높았고, P. aeruginosa의 imipenem 내성률은 중간 규모 병원에서 높았다. 결 론 : 병원의 소재지나 병상수에 따른 내성률의 차이는 크지 않으며, ampicillin이나 cepha-1 내성균은 전국적으로 대단히 흔하고, ceftazidime 등 cepha-3, aztreonam, amikacin, fluoroquinolone 내성균이 가장 적지만, fluoroquinolone 내성 E. coli가 특히 큰 병원에서 증가하고, cepha-3 내성 K. pneunoniae 감염이 작은 병원에서도 생기고 있으며, 일부 병원에는 imipenem 내성 P. aeruginosa 감염이 드물지 않다는 결론을 얻었다. Background : In Korea aerobic gram-negative bacilli have been reported to be highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobial agents. Recent reports showed increased resistance to third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or imipenem. However, such studies were mainly performed in tertiary care hospitals. The aim of the study was to compare the resistance patterns in non-tertiary care hospitals with those in tertiary care. Methods : Data were collected from 72 hospitals with over 200 bed capacity from 1994 to 1995. The resistance rates of 30,599 isolates from 67 hospitals were analyzed using WHONET Ⅲ program. For simplicity, only the resistance rates, not including intermediate resistance, were compared. Results : Among the 13 species, E. coli was the most common isolates (33.2%), followed by P. aeruginosa (23.8%). Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae showed high resistance rates to commonly used drugs: ampicillin (83%), cephalothin (50%), gentamicin (31%), tobramycin (30%), cotrimoxazole (40%), and tetracycline (54%). The mean resistance rates of P. aeruginosa isolates were over 30% to carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and either ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin, but lower to amikacin (26%), aztreonam (17%), ceftazidime (12%), and imipenem (11%). The resistance rates in non-tertiary care hospitals were not significantly different, with the exceptions: E. coli to ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin, 23% in tertiary care hospitals in Seoul vs 13% in non-tertiary care hospitals in non-Seoul area; P. aeruginosa to imipenem, 3% in tertiary care hospitals in Seoul vs 14-19% in other hospitals with bed capacity of 500 to 1,000. Conclusion : Resistant rates of even E. coli to commonly used drugs are very high in both tertiary and non-tertiary care hospitals. Third generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae is a problem in non-tertiary care hospitals, too. Ciprofloxacin-or ofloxacin-resistant E. coli are more prevalent in tertiary care hospitals, and the increase of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa in some tertiary and non-tertiary care hospitals is a new problem.

자동혈액배양법을 이용한 혈액 이외 체액배양의 평가

최태열,강정옥,배현주 대한임상미생물학회 2011 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.14 No.1

Background: We investigated whether culture using an automated blood culture system enhances the recovery of bacteria and fungi from body fluids other than blood when compared to conventional solid media culture methods. Methods: A total of 734 specimens [ascites (n=457), bile (n=5), CAPD (n=28), CSF (n=32), joint fluids (n=165), pericardial fluid (n=17), and pleural fluid (n=30)] were included in the study. Half of the volume of each specimen was inoculated directly into automated blood culture bottles (bioMeriux, Marcy-I’Etoile, France). The remaining volume was inoculated onto conventional solid media (sheep blood agar, chocolate agar, and phenylethyl alcohol agar) after centrifuging at 3,000 rpm for 10 min. Results: Clinically significant microorganisms were isolated from 62 specimens (8.5%) by automated blood culture and 61 specimens (8.3%) by the conventional solid media culture (kappa index: 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.75∼0.89). Contamination was observed in 11 (1.8%) of the automated blood culture specimens and 3 (0.4%) of the solid media culture specimens. The mean turnaround times of the automated blood cultures and the conventional solid media cultures were 3.7 and 2.8 days, respectively (P< 0.0001). Conclusion: Compared with conventional culture methods, no improvement in the recovery of clinically significant microorganisms was noted with the use of the automated blood culture system for the culture of body fluids other than blood.

Chlamydia pneumonia의 omp1 유전자 염기서열 분석

최태열,김덕언,금동극 대한임상병리학회 1999 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.19 No.5