Effectiveness of Levonorgestrel Releasing Intrauterine System in Perimenopausal Women with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: A Prospective Study at a Teaching Hospital in India

Nidhi,Archana Kumari,Sarita Tirkey,Jay Prakash 대한폐경학회 2022 대한폐경학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on heavy menstrual bleeding in perimenopausal women.Methods: This was a prospective, observational clinical study conducted on 42 perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding who met the study eligibility criteria. LNG-IUS was inserted in the postmenstrual phase following baseline evaluation. The patients were followed up at the 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) score, hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, and endometrial thickness were assessed before insertion and during the follow-up visits. Results: Two patients (4.8%) were lost to follow-up, three patients (7.1%) opted for hysterectomy, two women (4.8%) experienced spontaneous expulsion and 35 (83.3%) women continued the usage. Menstrual blood loss assessed using the median PBAC score (interquartile range) significantly reduced (P < 0.001) from the pre-insertion level of 280 (246–306) to 124 (60–200) at 4 weeks to 45 (34–76) at 12 weeks and further to 32 (20–50) at the end of 24 weeks. Simultaneously, a significant (P < 0.001) improvement in the mean hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels and a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in endometrial thickness were observed. The most common side effect was spotting (50.0%) and vaginal discharge (38.1%).Conclusions: LNG-IUS causes a remarkable reduction in menstrual blood loss and marked improvement in dysmenorrhea. It also reduces anemia by improving the hemoglobin and ferritin levels. Thus, it can serve as an effective treatment option for heavy menstrual bleeding in perimenopausal women and prevent the need for a hysterectomy.

Evidence of sustained ferroelectricity in glycine sodium nitrate single crystal

Nidhi Tyagi,Nidhi Sinha,Binay Kumar 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.2

The nonlinear optical single crystals of glycine sodium nitrate were grown by the slow evaporation method. XRD confirmed monoclinic structure. Thermal stability and melting point (225 C) were investigated. The dielectric behaviour of the crystals in the frequency range 20 Hze2 MHz at different temperatures is reported in which a ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition at Tc ¼ 56 C is observed. The activation energies of GSN were found to be 3.615 eV, 0.593 eV and 0.0733 eV in three temperature regions of conductivity plot due to a hopping conduction mechanism. The crystal has shown high piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) of 16 pC/N which is nearly double of observed value for gglycine single crystal. The spontaneous polarization Ps at room temperature was found to be 1.489 mC/ cm2 at applied maximum field of 26 kV/cm (1.194 mC/cm2 at 12 kV/cm) and the pyroelectric coefficient was determined to be 400 mC/m2/C. High value of squareness parameter (1.93) makes the GSN crystal suitable for switching applications. Detailed investigations of Ferro-/Piezoelectricity were observed for the first time in glycine sodium nitrate crystals which was found to preserve the ferroelectricity even after applying an electric field much higher than the saturation electric field (12e26 kV/cm). Application of GSN crystals as sensor, high power switch gears and storage memories has been established.

Development of Molecular Diagnostic Innovation System in India: Role of Scientific Institutions

Nidhi Singh 아시아기술혁신학회 2022 Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy Vol.11 No.1

The study attempts to examine the system-building activities of scientific institutions in developing the Molecular Diagnostic (MDs) Innovation System in India. Scientific Institutions are the precursor of any technological development with their capabilities in generating new ideas. MDs are advanced and accurate diagnostic technology with considerable scope to serve the diagnostic needs and requirements of the healthcare system. We adopted a System framework and analyzed the development of MDs in terms of the Technological Innovation System (TIS) functions, and the systematic challenges are assessed through the System Failure Framework (SFF). Based on the secondary and primary survey of prominent science base actors, the study finds that the role of government is crucial for facilitating technological development within a science base through the mobilization of resources. In India, the MDs technological development gained significant momentum over the last decade with the development of specialized human resources and dedicated research institutes. However, we do find that the innovative capabilities in attaining need-based TIS are sub-optimal owning to the specific diagnostic needs of highly burdened diseases in the society. The system analysis reveals that the TIS functions are underperforming because of the absence of a well-defined funding mechanism and goal-oriented targeted policy regime of the government. Since MDs have a transformative effect on the present healthcare system, we argue that the government has to address the system-based challenges and issues for developing a need-based technological innovation system for MDs in the country.

Hydro-Priming Methods for Initiation of Metabolic Process and Synchronization of Germination in Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata L.) Seeds

Nidhi Shukla,Himani Kuntal,Asheesh Shanker,Satyendra Nath Sharma 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.2

Seed priming is a commercially applied technique for improving seed vigor under variable field conditions. The present study was carried out to optimize the methods (direct: soaking in water 1:1 W/V and indirect: preconditioning under high RH ≥ 85%) and duration (hours)of hydro-priming, attempting to correlate the critical seed water content with priming-induced metabolic-restart in dry mungbean (Vigna radiataL.)seeds. Although the rate of water absorption and the amount of water absorbed was more by direct compared to the indirect imbibition method, the priming-induced germination responses were identical after 6hof priming treatment. The seed water content absorbed during this period was crucial for initiating the chain of biochemical events, required for early synchronized germination in primed seeds which was evident by improved membrane permeability, high activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, and more integrated chloroplast and mitochondria in primed seeds. We demonstrate that the critical water content, required for priming-induced benefits for germination vigor, is a relative unit with respect to the duration of priming and the rate of water absorption. Seed priming is a co-ordinately regulated mechanism for controlling germination capacity of seeds by modifying the permeability characteristics of biological membranes and enzyme activity. This study helps to enhance our understanding on the potential of seed priming for synchronized germination and early seedling establishment in the field and beneficial for the resource poor farming community for better return of their limited financial/farm resources under variable environmental/field conditions.

An Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol in Underwater Communication

Nidhi Rajpoot,Rajendra Singh Kushwah 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.6

For many years, opportunistic networks have gain fame in research and industry as a natural evolution of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It is a more common concept of delay tolerant networks, which opens a thrilling path for connecting nodes opportunistically and communicates wirelessly and at the similar time expands the possibilities for real-life application problems. Presented ad hoc routing protocols, although robust to quickly changing network topology, suppose the being there of a connected path from source to destination. In this proposed system, we make a base station (BS1) on the upper layer of water. It is situated where signal strength is good. It will get the connection either by RSU (Road Side Unit) or by satellite. When it will get connected by RSU or satellite, sonar waves of base station amplifiers. Another base station (BS2) is situated under water at some distance from BS1 & gets radio waves by base station & its Sonar waves gets amplified.

The Need for Cognitive Neuropsychological Assessments for Estimating Risk Factors for Obesity in Adolescents

Nidhi, Ram The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2014 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.47 No.6

Diversity and seasonal fluctuations in dung beetle (Coleoptera) community in Kurukshetra, India

Nidhi KAKKAR,Sanjeev K. GUPTA 한국곤충학회 2010 Entomological Research Vol.40 No.3

Five pitfall traps baited with 150–200 g of fresh cattle dung were installed for 24 h at weekly intervals. A total of 991 dung beetles from 11 genera, 31 species and three subfamilies was obtained. The community was dominated by Oniticellus spinipes individuals by 32.3%. Ten species appeared only once during the collection period and species composition and dominance changed throughout the period. The overall pattern we detected in the organization of the dung beetle community is that the species richness, abundance and diversity rise in September and the 2nd week of October. The dung beetle community was found to be affected by season.

Enhanced Remineralisation of Tooth Enamel Using Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Complex: A Review

Nidhi Chhabra,Anuj Chhabra 대한예방치과학회 2018 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.14 No.1

The protective effects of milk and milk products against dental caries, due to micellar casein or caseinopeptide derivatives, have been demonstrated in various animal and human in situ studies. Among all the remineralising agents, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) technology has shown the most promising scientific evidence to support its use in prevention and reversal of carious lesions. CPP-ACP complex acts as a calcium phosphate reservoir and buffer the activities of free calcium and phosphate ions in the plaque. Calcium phosphate stabilized by CPP produces a metastable solution supersaturated with respect to the amorphous and crystalline calcium phosphate phases, thereby depressing enamel demineralisation and enhancing mineralisation. CPP-ACP provides new avenue for the remineralisation of noncavitated caries lesions. The objective of this article was to review the clinical trials of CPP-ACP complex and highlight its evidence based applications in dentistry.

Development of HRM Markers Associated with CMV<SUB>P1</SUB> Resistance in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Nidhi Chakma,Jundae Lee 한국원예학회 2018 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2018 No.5

Seasonal distribution and prevalence of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Kurukshetra, Northern India

Nidhi Kakkar 한국곤충학회 2010 Entomological Research Vol.40 No.6

A total of 8306 individuals as 29 species from 3 subfamilies (Hybosorinae, Aphodiinae, Scarabaeinae) were trapped by pitfall bait trapping. The maximum number of species of Scarabaeinae (68.97%) and number of individuals of Aphodiinae (56.84%) take part in the formation of a community. The number of species, number of individuals, diversity and dominance changes throughout the season. Seasonal prevalence of 82.76% of species and 50.81% of individuals was found in June. Aphodius campestris was found to be more attracted to the pitfall bait traps. The beetle community found in May shows the maximum Shannon's Diversity Index (2.46) but Margalef's Diversity Index was highest in August (3.06). Environmental factors play an important role in the occurrence and abundance of dung beetles. In the present study non-significant but positive correlations between temperature and species richness, abundance and diversity were found. Percent relative humidity showed a positive correlation with abundance only, and negative correlations with species richness and diversity.