Undergraduates' online source selection behavior for information sharing : focusing on the influence of social risk

Lee, Songmi Graduate School, Yonsei University 2019 국내석사

Users’ selection of information sources determines subsequent information seeking and overall search outcomes and thus requires in-depth research. The present study aims to observe how undergraduate students select and use different online information sources depending on a given context. A context of particular concern to this study is when students are required to share information with their peers. Nowadays, undergraduates frequently face the task of searching and sharing information in groups as part of collaborative learning, but source selection in a group setting has remained unexplored. This study presumed that students would display different source selection behavior in the case of information sharing due to social risk. The social risk in this study denotes embarrassment, loss of face, and revelation of incompetence associated with using sources that may be perceived inappropriate. To observe undergraduates’ source selection for information sharing in comparison with that for non-sharing, an online search task experiment consisting of three tasks were conducted on 20 undergraduate participants via Skype. The tasks shared the same topic but represented different contexts that are information sharing, non-sharing, and collaborative source selection, respectively. Both qualitative and quantitative data were gathered from monitoring each participant’s search screen, self-administered logbooks, and follow-up questionnaires and interviews. The results confirmed that social risk as a contextual factor has a significant influence on undergraduates’ source selection and use. In the non-sharing context where participants made source choices only for themselves, the most preferred sources were wikis and online encyclopedias. On the other hand, in the information sharing context, the majority refused to share such sources and spontaneously changed their selection strategy to find academic kinds such as journal databases. Analyses revealed that students were afraid that their potential audience might disapprove non-scholarly sources and that they might not look intelligent or professional. As a result, being aware of social risk, students were able to increase the accuracy and reliability of their sources. Nevertheless, it should be noted that students lost learning opportunities while engaging in a superficial selection of scholarly sources and abandoning understandable and personally useful sources. This study provides a number of useful implications for both researchers and practitioners. The concept of social risk proposed in this study may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding that connects theories and models of source selection, information seeking, and information sharing. Also, the study provides detailed evidence of undergraduates’ source selection behavior to help improve current information literacy education. Taking a student-centered perspective and supporting students to navigate flexibly through diverse types of sources would be beneficial. Future studies may address the limitations resulting from the exploratory nature of this research and build upon the implications.

외식상황, 자기감시성, 및 정보원천활용 정도에 따른 레스토랑 선택속성 중요도 차이 연구 : 파인다이닝 레스토랑 외식상황을 중심으로

김현영 경희대학교 일반대학원 2015 국내박사

최근 외식업계의 양극화 현상과 맞물려 스타 셰프들이 다양한 매체들을 통해 활약하면서 파인다이닝 레스토랑 시장이 급속도로 성장하고 있다. 향후 파인다이닝 레스토랑 시장은 더욱 확대될 전망이며 경쟁 또한 치열해 질 것이다. 이러한 치열한 경쟁 속에서 고객의 행동을 분석하고 예측하는 것은 필수적이다. 다양한 분야의 소비자 행동 연구에서 상황과 개인 특성 변수인 자기감시성의 상호작용 효과를 통해 소비자 행동에 대한 예측력이 높아진다는 사실을 밝힌 바 있으나 이를 활용한 외식고객의 행동 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 또한 인터넷과 스마트폰의 일상화로 외식고객의 의사결정과정 중 정보탐색에 활용되는 원천이 다양해졌으며 이러한 다양한 원천을 얼마나 사용하는지에 따라 고객의 의사결정 행동이 변화할 수 있지만 정보원천의 활용 정도에 따른 외식고객의 행동 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 외식고객의 행동을 예측하기 위해 외식상황 변수와 자기감시성, 그리고 정보원천활용 정도를 통해 레스토랑 선택속성에 대한 중요도가 어떻게 변화하는지 그 차이를 비교분석하고자 하였다. 실증적 분석에 앞서 질적연구로써 파인다이닝 레스토랑을 방문하게 되는 외식상황들을 조사하여 내용분석한 결과, 총 네 가지 외식상황들(연인과의 특별한 날을 기념하기 위한 외식상황, 가족과의 특별한 날을 기념하기 위한 외식상황, 친구와의 특별한 날의 기념과 미식을 위한 외식상황, 사업 목적의 접대를 위한 외식상황)로 구성되었고 이를 이용해 상황지시문을 작성하여 양적연구에 활용하였다. 양적연구는 4(외식상황 : 연인/가족/친구/사업목적) × 2(자기감시성 : 고/저) × 2(정보원천 활용 정도 : 고/저)의 삼원혼합요인설계로 구성하였으며, 종속변수는 레스토랑의 선택속성(음식서비스품질/물리적환경)으로 구성되었다. 분석을 위해 다변량분산분석(MANOVA)를 활용하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외식상황, 자기감시성, 정보원천 활용 정도에 따른 각각의 주효과가 나타났다. 자기감시성과 외식상황은 음식서비스품질에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, 물리적환경에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 정보원천활용의 주효과는 음식서비스 품질와 물리적환경 두 변수 모두 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 독립변수(외식상황, 자기감시성, 정보원천 활용) 간의 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. ‘외식상황 * 정보원천활용’을 제외한 ‘외식상황 * 자기감시성’과 ‘자기감시성 * 정보원천 활용’의 이원상호작용효과, 그리고 ‘외식상황 * 자기감시성 * 정보원천 활용’의 삼원상호작용 효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 통계적으로 그 차이가 유의하게 나타난 외식상황, 자기감시성, 그리고 정보원천활용 각각의 상호작용항에 있어 음식서비스품질은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고 물리적환경만이 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 셋째, 부분에타제곱을 통해 효과크기(effect size)를 살펴본 결과, 정보원천활용에서 물리적환경의 효과크기가 가장 컸으며, 상호작용항에 대한 검정결과에서 물리적 환경의 효과크기를 비교해보면, ‘자기감시성 * 정보원천활용’에서 상호작용항 중 효과의 크기가 가장 크게 나타났다. 즉, 정보원천활용의 정도가 높고 낮음에 따라 레스토랑 선택 시 물리적환경의 차이가 가장 뚜렷한 것으로 나타났으며, 다른 독립변수와는 달리 집단 별 음식서비스품질에 대한 유의한 차이가 존재했다. 앞선 연구 결과를 통해 본 연구의 주요 시사점 및 의의는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 지금까지 외식분야에서 고객의 행동 예측 변수로 활용되지 않았던 외식상황, 자기감시성, 그리고 정보원천활용 변수에 따라 레스토랑의 선택속성 별 중요도가 달라진다는 것을 밝혔다. 따라서 향후 외식고객 행동 연구에 활용될 수 있는 기초 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다. 그리고 음식서비스품질은 상황 변수, 개인적 특성인 자기감시성, 그리고 정보원천활용과 같은 다양한 변수에도 변화하지 않을 정도로 파인다이닝 레스토랑 선택에 있어 매우 중요한 요인임을 증명하였고, 물리적환경은 모든 변수에 의해 변화하는 것으로 나타나 세분 시장 별 특성에 맞는 전략을 구축해야 한다는 사실을 증명하였다. 따라서 파인다이닝 레스토랑은 경쟁우위를 점하기 위해서 차별화된 레서피 및 메뉴 개발, 그리고 인적서비스를 제공해야 할 것이다. 또한 정보원천활용 정도가 높을수록 레스토랑 선택에 있어 음식서비스품질과 물리적환경을 더 고려하는 것으로 나타나, 방문하기 전 다양한 정보원천을 이용해 많은 정보를 얻는 만큼 고객의 기대관리에 힘써야 할 것이다. With the recent polarization of the restaurant industry and the frequent appearance of star chefs in various media, the fine-dining restaurant market is growing rapidly. The market is expected to expand further in the future, and competition will get intensified. In such fierce competition, it is essential to analyze and predict customers’ behavior. Research on consumer behavior in various areas has proved that interaction between situation and self‐monitoring, which is a personal characteristic variable, increases the power of prediction, but not many studies have been made on eating‐out customers’ behavior based on this finding. Moreover, the Internet and smartphone have diversified eating‐out customers’ information sources used in their decision‐making process, and their decision‐making behavior can be influenced by how much they use such information sources. Nevertheless, few studies have been made on eating‐out customers’ behavior according to the use of information sources. Thus, in order to predict eating‐out customers’ behavior, this study compared and analyzed how different the importance of restaurant selection attributes is according to eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources. As a qualitative study prior to quantitative analysis, eating‐out situations that people visit fine-dining restaurants were surveyed and the contents were analyzed. According to the results, four types of eating‐out situations were identified: eating‐out for celebrating a special day with a lover; eating‐out for celebrating a special day with family; eating‐out for celebrating a special day and enjoying dainty food with friends; and eating‐out for a business meeting. Based on these situation types, situation descriptions were prepared and used in quantitative research. Quantitative research used three‐way mixed factorial design of 4 (eating‐out situation: lover/family/friend/business) × 2 (self‐monitoring: high/low) × 2 (use of information sources: high/low), and restaurant selection attributes (food service quality/physical environment) were used as dependent variables. Data were analyzed through MANOVA, and the results were as follows. First, each of eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources had a significant effect. According to self‐monitoring and eating‐out situation, food service quality was not significantly different but physical environment was significantly different. The effect of the use of information sources was significant for both food service quality and physical environment. Second, interaction effects were observed among the independent variables (eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources). A two‐way interaction effect was observed between ‘eating‐out situation * self‐monitoring’ and between ‘self‐monitoring * use of information sources’ but not between ‘eating‐out situation * use of information sources,’ and a significant three‐way interaction effect was observed among ‘eating‐out situation * self‐monitoring * use of information sources.’ For the respective interaction terms of eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources, the difference of which was statistically significant, food service quality did not show a significant difference and only physical environment showed a significant difference. Third, in the results of examining effect size through η², the effect size of physical environment was largest in the use of information sources, and when the effect size of physical environment was compared in the results of testing for the interaction terms, the effect size was largest between ‘self‐monitoring * use of information sources’ among the interaction terms. That is, in selecting a restaurant, difference in physical environment was most significant depending on whether the use of information sources was high or low, and the use of information sources, distinguished from the other independent variables, made a significant difference in food service quality between the groups. From the results of this study as presented above were derived implications and meanings as follows. First, it was found that the importance of restaurant selection attributes was different according to eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources, which have not been used as predictors of eating‐out customers’ behavior. This finding is expected to provide basic information for future research on eating‐out customer behavior. In addition, it was proved through this study that food service quality is such an important factor in selecting a fine-dining restaurant that it is not affected by variables such as eating‐out situation, self‐monitoring, and the use of information sources, and that physical environment is affected by all of these variables, and therefore, strategies should be established fittingly for the characteristics of each market segment. In order for fine-dining restaurants to gain a competitive advantage, accordingly, they need to develop differentiated recipes and menus and to provide distinguished human services. What is more, those who used information sources at a high level were found to consider food service quality and physical environment more in selecting a restaurant. That is, because customers use a large volume of information using various information sources before eating out, restaurants should manage customers’ expectations carefully.

환경재난 보도 프레임 연구 : 한⋅중 신문의 미세먼지 보도 분석을 중심으로

조박 제주대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

본 연구는 한·중 양국의 미세먼지 보도 간에 어떤 차이가 있는지에 대한 관심으로 출 발했다. 미세먼지는 지금 전 세계적인 환경문제로 한·중 양국이 공통적으로 주목하고 있다. 또한 세계보건기구(WHO)가 미세먼지를 1급 발암물질로 지정하면서 미세먼지는 단순한 환경문제가 아닌 인간의 생명을 위협할 수 있는 환경재난으로 봐야 한다. 이에 따라 한·중 양국 신문보도를 통해 한국과 중국에 미세먼지가 어떻게 발현하고 있으며 양국이 어떻게 대응하고 있는지를 살펴보기 위해 이 연구를 출발하였다. 본 연구는 한국과 중국의 미세먼지 발생상황을 살펴보기 위해 크게 한·중 양국 미세 먼지 관련 기사의 보도특성, 한·중 양국 미세먼지 보도의 차이, 한·중 양국 미세먼지 보 도의 주요 정보원별 프레임 유형 등 3개의 연구문제를 설정하였다. 분석 대상으로는 한 국의 <조선일보>, <한겨레>, <부산일보>, <경인일보>, <한라일보>와 중국의 <인민일 보>, <중국청년보>, <북경만보>, <신민만보>, <하북일보>로 총 10개 신문을 선정하였 다. 본 연구의 연구 기간은 2005년 1월 1일부터 2019년 12월 31일까지로 설정하였으 며 기사유형, 정보원, 프레임 등의 유목을 분석하고 비교하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 한국 신문의 기사유형의 경우 스트레이트 기사 위주로 나타났다. 하지만 2시기에 들어가면서 스트레이트 기사가 차지하는 비율이 1시기보다 감소하였고 단신기사의 건수는 1시기보다 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 정보원의 경우 정부관련 정보원 이 많이 등장한 것으로 확인되었고 다음으로 전문가 등 지식인 관련 정보원이 많이 나 타난 것을 확인하였다. 또한 프레임을 분석한 결과, 두 시기에 가장 많이 나타난 프레 임 유형은 '정부 대응 정책 프레임'과 '발생현황 프레임'이었다. 이어서 발생원인 프레임, 경제 프레임, 미세먼지 위험/피해 프레임 등의 유형이 나타났다. 둘째, 중국 신문의 기사유형의 경우 두시기에 보도 건수의 차이가 많이 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 중국은 2013년 이전에 미세먼지에 대한 관심이 높지 않았다고 판단할 수 있다. 1시기의 기사유형 중 스트레이트 기사가 절대적인 비율을 차지하였고, 2시기에 들어가면서 스트레이트 기사의 건수가 많이 나타났지만 해설/기획 기사의 건 수가 1시기보다 대폭 증가하였으며 스트레이트 기사와의 차이는 크지 않았다. 그리고 정보원의 유형을 보면 1시기에 등장한 정보원은 정부관련 정보원 위주로 나타났으며 2 시기에도 주요 등장한 정보원 유형이 1시기와 큰 차이가 없다는 것을 확인하였다. 중국 신문의 프레임 유형을 분석한 결과, 1시기의 주요 프레임 유형은 발생현황 프레임으로 확인되었으며 2시기에 들어가면서 발생현황 프레임이 많이 나타났지만 다른 프레임 유 형도 1시기보다 증가한 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, 한·중 양국 전체 신문이 보도한 미세먼지 관련 기사를 비교한 결과는 중국의 해설/기획 기사의 건수가 한국 신문보다 많이 나타났으며, 중국 신문 중에 사설이 없는 것도 확인하였다. 그리고 한·중 양국 신문의 정보원을 보면 중국 신문 중에 환경부, 일 반 시민, 학자 등 정보원이 많이 등장하였으며, 한국 신문 중에 정부 기타 부문, 기업인 /기업, 학술 단체 등 정보원들이 많이 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 한·중 신문의 프레임 유 형은 주요 프레임 유형 간에 차이가 나타난 것으로 확인되었다. 한국 신문 중에 발생현 황 프레임은 전체 프레임 유형 중에 가장 큰 비율을 차지한 것으로 확인되었으나 중국 신문의 경우 발생원인 프레임과 정부 대응 정책 프레임의 건수는 한국 신문보다 많이 나타났다. 넷째, 한·중 중앙지 신문의 보도 기사를 비교한 결과 1시기에 한국 중앙지 신문의 기 사 건수가 중국 신문보다 많았다. 모든 기사 유형에서는 한국 신문이 많이 나타난 것으 로 확인되었으나 전체 기사 유형을 보면 한·중 중앙지 신문은 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 한·중 중앙지 신문의 정보원 유형을 비교한 결과, 양국 신문이 모두 정부 관련 정보원이 많이 등장하였다. 이 중에 1시기에 해당하는 중국 중앙지 신문의 건수가 많지 않아 한국 중앙지 신문보다 정보원 유형이 단일화 된 것을 확인하였다. 2 시기의 경우에는 양국 중앙지 신문에 정부 관련 정보원이 공통적으로 많이 등장하였지 만 한국 신문은 사회단체가 더 많이 등장하였고 중국 신문은 일반 시민이 더 많이 나 타난 것으로 확인되었다. 양국 신문의 프레임을 비교한 결과는 1시기에 정부대응 정책 프레임 많이 나타났으며 중국 신문 중은 미세먼지 대응 제품/홍보/기술 프레임이 한국 신문보다 적은 것으로 나타났다. 한국 신문은 경제 프레임, 국제 미세먼지 위기 프레임 등 유형이 더 많이 나온 것을 확인하였다. 다섯째, 한·중 지방지 신문을 비교한 결과는 한국 신문이 주로 스트레이트 기사 위주 로 보도하였지만 중국 신문은 스트레이트 기사보다 해설/기획 기사가 많은 것으로 확인 되었다. 정보원의 경우에는 한국 신문 중에 정부 기타 부문, 기업인/기업, 학술 단체 등 정보원 유형들이 많이 등장한 반면, 중국 신문의 경우 환경부, 일반 시민, 의료 전문가 기상청 등의 정보원 유형이 많이 나타났다. 한·중 지방지 프레임을 비교한 결과, 한국 신문 중에 미세먼지 대응 제품/홍보/기술 프레임, 경제 프레임 등 유형이 중국 신문보 다 많이 나타났으며 중국 신문은 발생원인 프레임, 책임 프레임이 한국 신문 보다 많은 것으로 확인되었다. 여섯째, 한·중 신문의 주 정보원 관련한 프레임 유형을 비교한 결과는 환경부와 관련 한 프레임 유형을 보면 한국 신문보다 중국 신문 중에 발생원인 프레임이 더 많이 나 타났다. 한국 신문 중에 발생현황 프레임과 정부 대응 정책 프레임 더 많이 나온 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 한국 신문 중에 등장한 기업인/기업 정보원이 중국 신문보다 많이 등장한 것이었기 때문에 관련 프레임 유형도 중국 신문보다 다양하게 나타났다. 중국 신문 중에 등장한 정보원 유형도 다양하였지만 모든 정보원이 관련한 주요 프레임 유 형은 정부 대응 정책 프레임으로 확인되었다. 일곱째, 한·중 중앙지 신문의 주 정보원과 관련한 프레임 유형을 비교하였다. 그 결 과, 한국 신문은 기업인/기업 정보원이 경제 프레임 기사에 자주 등장하였지만, 중국 신문 중에 기업인/기업과 관련한 프레임은 정부 대응 정책 프레임이 한국 신문보다 많 이 나타났다. 그리고 중국 신문과 한국 신문의 공통점으로 모든 프레임에서 가장 많이 연관성이 있는 정보원은 정부 기타 부문으로 확인되었다. 또한 중국 신문의 '정부 중심 적' 보도의 특성이 한국 신문에는 발견되지 않았다. 여덟째, 한·중 양국 지방지 신문의 주 정보원과 관련한 프레임 유형을 비교한 결과 차이가 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 먼저 한·중 신문 중에 등장한 정부 기타 부문과 관련 한 프레임은 정부 대응 정책 프레임과 발생원인 프레임, 경제 프레임 등 유형으로 확인 되었다. 이외에 중국 신문은 책임 프레임이 한국 신문보다 많이 나타난 것을 확인하였 다. 그리고 한국 신문은 미세먼지 위험/피해 프레임의 경우 정보원이 없는 기사가 많았 지만, 중국 신문은 환경 전문가가 정보원으로 많이 등장된 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 한·중 중앙지와 지방지가 보도한 미세먼지 관련 기사를 분석하여 한·중 양 국 신문이 미세먼지 같은 환경재난을 보도할 때 어떤 차이성이 있는지를 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 크다. 본 연구는 15년 동안 보도한 기사를 표본 추출 방법을 통해 분석 유목 중에 정보원과 프레임을 주·부로 분류해 객관적인 결과를 도출하였다. 이전에 시 도되지 않았던 한·중 미세먼지 등의 환경재난 관련 비교연구의 부족을 개선하였으며 중 요한 참고자료가 됐다는 것에 의의가 있다. 또한 본 연구의 연구결과를 통해 시사하는 바는 미세먼지 등 전 지구적 환경문제는 각 국가들 간에 대립이 아닌 공동적으로 대응 협력해야 함을 알 수 있었다. This study originates from an interest in differences between South Korea and China in their reports on particulate matter (PM). Particulate matter is now a global environmental pollution issue, and both South Korea and China pay attention to the issue. Meanwhile, as the World Health Organization (WHO) has designated PM 2.5 as a first-class carcinogen, particulate matter should be viewed as an environmental disaster that can present threats to human life, not just an environmental problem. In this regard, this study sought to examine how particulate matter arises in South Korea and China and how both countries respond to it. In order to investigate the status of particulate matter pollution in South Korea and China, the report characteristics of PM-related articles in South Korea and China, the difference of PM reports between South Korea and China, and the frame type by main sources of PM reports from South Korea and China were established as the three research questions. In addition, the <Chosun Ilbo>, <Hankyoreh>, <Busan Ilbo>, <Gyeongin Ilbo> and <Halla Ilbo> of South Korea, and the <People’s Daily>, <China Youth Daily>, <Beijing Evening News>, <Xinmin Evening News> and <Hebei Daily> of China were set as research targets. The research period of this study ranged from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019, and the types of category (such as article types, information sources and frames) were analyzed and compared in this study. The findings of this study are as follows. First, in the case of article types in Korean newspapers, straight articles were dominant. However, towards the second period, the proportion of straight articles decreased, while the number of brief news articles increased further from the first period. In the case of information sources, it was confirmed that the proportion of government-related information was the highest in Korean newspapers, followed by information sources related to intellectuals, such as experts. In addition, the analysis of frames found that the most common frame types in both periods were the government response policy frame and occurrence status frame, followed by the occurrence cause frame, economic frame, and PM risk/damage frames. Second, the article types of Chinese newspapers revealed that there was a significant difference in the number of reports between the two periods. This suggests that China was rarely interested in particulate matter before 2013. In the first period, straight articles accounted for the highest proportion. Towards the second period, the number of commentary/planning articles increased significantly compared to the first period, and the difference from the straight articles was not large. In addition, it was confirmed that government-related information sources were most dominant in the first period, and the dominant information sources that appeared in the second period were not significantly different from those in the first period. The results of analysis on the frame types of Chinese newspapers showed that the main frame type of the first period was the occurrence status frame, and the number of other frame types increased from the first period although the occurrence status frame was still dominant towards the second period. Third, a comparison of PM-related articles in Korean and Chinese newspapers revealed that the number of commentary/planning articles in Chinese newspapers was higher than that in Korean newspapers, and there were no editorials among Chinese newspapers. It was also confirmed that information sources such as the Ministry of Environment, general citizens and scholars recorded a high percentage in Chinese newspapers, whereas information sources from the government and other sectors, businessmen/corporations, and academic organizations constituted a large percentage in Korean newspapers. In addition, there were differences in main frame types between Korean and Chinese newspapers. The occurrence status frame accounted for the largest proportion of the total frame types in Korean newspapers, but the number of occurrence cause and government response policy frames was higher in Chines newspapers than in Korean newspapers. Fourth, the results of a comparison between the reports of Korean and Chinese newspapers showed that in the first period, the number of articles in metropolitan newspapers was higher in South Korea than in China. However, it was confirmed that in all article types, there was no significant difference in the metropolitan newspapers between South Korea and China. Regarding the types of information sources in the metropolitan newspapers, government-related information sources were dominant in both Korean and Chinese newspapers. Meanwhile, it was found that as there were not many metropolitan newspapers in China during the first period, the type of information sources was further unified compared to the metropolitan newspapers of South Korea. In the second period, many government-related information sources appeared in the metropolitan newspapers of both countries. However, more social groups appeared in Korean newspapers, whereas more general citizens appeared in Chinese newspapers. The results of a comparison between the frames of papers in both countries confirmed that in the first period, many government response policy frames appeared, and Chinese newspapers showed a smaller number of PM response product/promotion/technology frames, while Korean newspapers showed a larger number of economy and international PM-related risk fames in comparison. Fifth, the results of a comparison between the local newspapers in South Korea and China confirmed that the Korean newspaper reports were mainly on straight articles, but Chinese newspapers had more commentary/planning articles than straight articles. Meanwhile, more government and other sectors, businessmen/corporations and academic organizations appeared as information sources in Korean newspapers, while such information sources as the Ministry ofEnvironment, general citizens, medical experts and meteorological office most commonly appeared in Chinese newspapers. The comparison of frames in local newspapers in South Korea and China revealed that a higher number of PM response product/promotion/technology frames appeared in Korean newspapers, whereas there was a larger number of occurrence cause and responsibility frames in Chinese newspapers. Sixth, the results of a comparison of frame types related to main information sources in Korean and Chinese newspapers showed that in relation to the Ministry of Environment, more occurrence cause frames were found in Chinese newspapers than in Korean newspapers. Meanwhile, more occurrence status and government response policy frames appeared among Korean newspapers. In addition, since there were more information sources such as businessmen/ corporations, and academic organizations in Korean newspapers than in Chinese newspapers, the related frame types were also more diverse in Korean newspapers. However, although the types of information sources that appeared in Chinese newspapers were diverse, the main frame type related to all information sources was identified as the government response policy frame. Seventh, the frame types related to the main information sources of metropolitan newspapers in South Korea and China were compared, and the results are follows. In Korean newspapers, such information sources as businessmen/corporations frequently appeared in economic frame articles. However, even in articles related to businessmen/corporations among Chinese newspapers, more government response policy frames appeared than in Korean newspapers. In addition, the most relevant information source in all frames was found to be government, except for the Ministry of Environment, as a common point between Korean and Chinese newspapers. Meanwhile, the characteristics of 'government-centered' reports in Chinese newspapers were not found in Korean newspapers. Eighth, there was a difference in frame types related to the main formation sources of local newspapers in South Korea and China. First of all, the frames related to government and other sectors that appeared in Korean and Chinesenewspapers included the government response frame, occurrence cause frame and economic frame. Next, more responsibility frames appeared in Chinese newspapers than in Korean newspapers. It was also found that in the case of PM risk /damage frames, there were many articles without information sources in Korean newspapers, but many environmental experts appeared in Chinese newspapers as information sources. This study has great significance in that it investigated differences between Korean and Chinese newspapers in reporting environmental disasters such as particulate matter based on the comparative analysis of PM-related articles in both metropolitan and local newspapers. With respect to articles reported for 15 years, information sources and frames were classified as the main and sub-categories of analysis using a sampling method to derive objective results. In situations where there were few attempts to conduct comparative studies related to environmental disasters such as particulate matter between South Korea and China, this study can be significant because it can serve as important reference data for future research on environmental disaster reports in South Korea and China. In addition, the implication of research results is that global environmental problems, including particulate matter, should be addressed through cooperation among countries, not confrontation between countries.

블로그 정보원 유형과 활성화된 설득지식이 광고효과에 미치는 영향 : 기업블로그의 외부필진과 개인블로그의 협찬표시에 따른 비교

이보라미 연세대학교 언론홍보대학원 2015 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 기업의 블로그 마케팅에서 블로그의 운영 주체와 외부필진 및 기업 협찬 등의 표시가 광고효과에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 데에 있다. 특히 메시지 수용자에 초점을 맞춰 서로 다른 정보원의 블로그 콘텐츠를 접한 수용자의 활성화된 설득지식에 따라 광고효과가 어떻게 달라지는지 함께 살펴보았다. 기업이 블로그 마케팅을 진행할 때, 직접 기업블로그를 운영하기도 하지만 개인 블로거나 기업 외부의 필진 등 다양한 정보원을 활용하기도 한다. 개인블로그를 활용할 때에는 경제적 대가를 제공해 상품의 리뷰 콘텐츠를 생산, 게시할 것을 요청한다. 그런데 2011년부터 기업 협찬에 의한 개인블로그들의 상품 리뷰 콘텐츠로 인해 소비자기만 등 사회적 문제가 공론화되자 공정거래위원회에서는 협찬 사실을 의무적으로 밝히도록 하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기업블로그와 개인블로그, 기업블로그 내 외부필진이 콘텐츠를 작성한 경우와 개인블로그 콘텐츠에 기업의 협찬 사실을 표시했을 경우 등 네 가지 정보원 유형에 따른 광고효과를 알아보았다. 동일한 정보를 접하더라도 수용자에게 나타나는 광고효과에 차이가 있다면 수용자 내면의 변화에 초점을 맞출 필요가 있다고 판단하여, 프리스타드와 라이트(Friestad & Wright, 1994)의 설득지식모형을 참고하였다. 설득지식모형은 설득 상황에서 수용자가 설득자의 설득 의도나 목적을 파악하게 되면 자신이 가지고 있던 주제지식, 설득지식, 설득자 지식을 활성화하여 설득 시도에 대응한다고 설명하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 설득 의도 인지로 인한 수용자의 방어적 태도 형성 여부를 활성화된 설득지식으로 측정하고 그에 따라 광고효과가 달라지는지 살펴보았다. 연구를 위하여 4개의 블로그 정보원 유형별로 실험 자극물을 제작한 후, 20세 이상 49세 미만 성인을 대상으로 온라인 실험조사를 실시하였다. 이렇게 수집된 799명의 설문 응답 중 블로그 정보원 유형에 대해 올바로 인지하였는지를 확인하는 조작 점검을 통과한 149명의 데이터를 통계적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 기업블로그와 개인블로그 간의 광고효과 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이는 개인블로그의 설득효과가 더 높게 나타난다는 선행연구(김윤애·박현순, 2008)와 상반되는 결과로, 개인블로그를 둘러싼 사회적 문제 등 환경변화로 블로그에 대한 수용자의 인식이 변화하였음을 말해준다. 둘째, 개인블로그 내에서 협찬 표시에 따른 광고효과 차이도 나타나지 않았다. 그동안 개인블로그 내에 기업의 협찬 사실을 명시하면 광고효과가 감소할 것이라는 우려로 공정거래위원회의 지침이 제대로 지켜지지 않았다. 그러나 본 연구를 통해 협찬 사실의 명시는 광고효과에 차이를 가져오지 않는다는 점을 확인해 실무자들이 협찬 명시로 인한 광고효과 감소를 우려할 필요가 없음을 시사해주었다. 셋째, 본 연구를 통해 기업이 블로그 마케팅을 진행할 때, 개인블로그에 협찬을 제공하고 콘텐츠 제작을 요청하는 것 보다 기업블로그 내에서 외부필진을 활용하는 것이 메시지 신뢰도 측면에서 더 효과적이라는 사실을 확인했다. 이는 블로그 마케팅에서 제3자에 의한 지지 효과가 존재함을 말해준다. 넷째, 활성화된 설득지식은 광고효과에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 하지만 블로그 정보원 유형은 설득지식을 활성화하는 데에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이는 앞서 블로그 정보원 유형에 따른 광고효과의 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않은 것과 마찬가지의 결과로 해석할 수 있다. 또한 정보원 유형을 제대로 인식했는지 확인하는 조작 점검을 통과한 응답자가 19%에 그친 것은 블로그 콘텐츠 소비 시, 수용자들이 정보원 유형에 크게 집중하지 않는다는 사실을 말해준다. 본 연구는 온라인 실험 조사 과정에서 실험 자극물을 블로그 이용 환경과 동일하게 제공하지 못했다는 한계를 갖는다. 또한 정보원에 대한 수용자의 인식에 영향을 줄 수 있는 추가적인 정보를 통제하지 못했다는 한계가 있다. 후속 연구에서는 이를 보완하여 블로그 콘텐츠 상에서 정보원에 대해 얻을 수 있는 다양한 정보와 변수를 고려한다면 블로그 정보원 유형에 따른 광고효과에 대해 보다 구체적인 연구결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이라 기대한다. This study aims to reveal how the type of information sources of a company’s blog marketing, including the indication of the operator, invited writers, and a sponsor, influences the advertisement effect. In particular, targets were focused on and it was studied how the advertisement changes according to activated persuasion knowledge after a target has access to the blog contents with various types of information sources. When a company proceeds with blog marketing, it operates its own blog or utilizes various information sources including individual bloggers or invited writers. When the company uses an individual blogger, it supplies the blogger with products and/or cash, asking the blogger to write the review contents regarding the product in question and post them. However, the Fair Trade Commission regulated that any fact of sponsorship be disclosed mandatorily in 2011 when social disputes were generated due to the contents containing product reviews written by individual bloggers who had received support from companies. In consequence, this study researched the advertisement effect resulting from four types of information sources such as a blog created a company on its own, a personal blog, a corporate blog written by invited writers, and a personal blog which indicates the fact that the blog is supported by a company. The necessity to focus on the inner change of a target was taken into account as the difference in advertisement effect which is shown from a target occurs even though the target has access to the same information. To this effect, the persuasion knowledge model by Friestad and Wright(1994) was referred to. The persuasion knowledge model explains that a target copes with a persuasion attempt by activating the topic knowledge, persuasion knowledge, and agent knowledge possessed by him or her when the target comprehends the intention or purpose of persuasion of the agent under persuasion circumstances. Consequently, this study examined the changeability of advertisement effect by measuring whether the cognition of persuasion intention leads the target to form a defensive attitude by way of activated persuasion knowledge. This study yielded the following results: First, there was no difference in advertisement effect between a corporate blog and a personal blog. In contrary to the hypothesis which expected that the persuasion effect of a personal blog would be higher, this result demonstrates that environmental shifts such as social issues surrounding the personal blog induce the cognition of the target to change. Second, any difference in advertisement effect subsequent to the display of sponsorship in the personal blog was not apparent. The regulations by the Fair Trade Commission had not been properly abided by for fear of the advertisement effect being reduced by posting the fact that such personal blog was supported by the company which are related to the product which is posted in the blog. On the other hand, this study confirmed that the indication of the fact of sponsorship does not bring about any difference in advertisement effect, suggesting that advertisement staff should not have to fear the decrease of advertisement effect. Third, this study confirmed that utilizing outside writers is more effective in terms of the credibility of messages than supporting a personal blog and asking for the creation of contents when a corporate proceeds with blog marketing. This demonstrates that the endorsement effect of a third party exists in blog marketing. Fourth, activated persuasion knowledge had negative influence on the advertisement effect. On the other hand, the type of blog information sources did not affect the activation of persuasion knowledge. This can be interpreted as a result similar to the fact that the type of information sources does not lead the advertisement effect of a blog to take place on a statistical basis. Furthermore, considering that only 19% of respondents passed the manipulation check which identifies if the type of information sources is appropriately recognized, it was proven that targets do not take considerable account into the type of information sources, when consuming through blog contents. This study has a limit that the online examination procedures did not provide the experiment stimulants with the same environment as In an actual environment. In addition, this study confronted another limit that additional information which could have an impact on the cognition of targets regarding information sources was not controlled. It is expected in a sequent study that, by offsetting such limits, more concrete results about the advertisement effect on the basis of the type of blog information sources can be obtained, considering diverse information and variants which can be acquired from blog contents when it comes to information sources.

학습과 과제 수행에서 과업가치와 정보문제가 정보요구 특성과 정보원 인식에 미치는 영향 연구

정혜영 연세대학교 교육대학원 2022 국내석사

지속적으로 발전하는 지식정보사회는 교육의 이념이나 목표 및 내용의 변화를 초래하여, 다양한 지식정보자원을 탐색하고 융합하여 스스로 구성하고 내면화하는 새로운 학습방식을 강조하고 있다. 이처럼 변화하는 교육 환경에서 학생 이용자들은 지식정보를 활용한 교과 학습과 문제해결 중심의 과제를 부여받고 있다. 지적 성장 과정으로서 부여받은 정보 과업을 수행하는 학생 이용자들은 필요한 학습정보의 깊이와 범위를 결정하고 탐색할 정보원을 선택하면서 과업에 대한 사고 및 다양한 문제들과 상호작용하고 있다. 학생들이 요구하는 학습정보의 특성과 선호정보원의 인식에 영향을 미치는 가치와 정보 문제들을 밝히고 그 역할을 확인하는 것은 학생들의 학습 정보행태의 동기와 상황적 맥락을 이용자의 관점으로 살피고 성과를 예측하게 하는 필수적인 과정이며, 이를 통해 보다 효율적인 정보서비스를 제공하고 학생들의 학업성취를 지원할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 학습과 과제를 수행하는 학생들이 요구하는 정보의 특성 및 선호하는 정보원의 인식에 영향을 미치는 정보과업에 대한 주관적 가치와 정보문제를 살펴보는 데 있다. 기대-가치이론에서 학습자들의 성취동기 요인으로 설명된 과업가치와, 정보 탐색과정에서 겪는 정보문제가 정보요구 특성 및 선호정보원의 인식에 영향을 미칠 것으로 가정하였으며, 과업가치 및 정보문제와 선호정보원 인식의 인과적 관계에서 정보요구 특성이 가지는 매개적 역할을 검증하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구를 위해 중요한 인지적 과업으로서 정보를 이용하고 시간 압박과 정보문제를 경험하는 고등학생을 연구 대상으로 설정하였다. 연구 과정은 크게 세 단계로 진행되었다. 먼저, 학생들의 정보과업에 대한 가치를 살피기 위한 이론적 접근으로 학습행위 및 학습자의 성취동기를 논의한 기대-가치이론과, 어린 학생들의 학습정보이용행태에 관한 선행연구를 바탕으로 문헌조사를 실시하였다. 이를 통해 정보과업의 가치 및 정보문제, 그리고 학생들이 요구하는 정보의 특성(주제적합성, 분량적절성, 신뢰성, 이해용이성, 최신성, 오락성, 전문성) 및 선호정보원의 유형(인쇄자원, 인적자원, 인터넷 웹정보원, 온라인 동영상)과 인식 요인(유용성, 편의성, 만족도)들을 일차적으로 파악하였다. 다음으로, 예비 연구로써 고등학생 5명을 대상으로 심층 인터뷰를 진행하고 내용 분석하여 지식정보를 활용한 학습과 과제에 대한 학생들의 가치와 정보문제(비용, 시간압박, 과제정의의 어려움)를 보다 탐색적으로 파악하였으며, 이를 근거로 문헌 연구를 통해 구성된 가설을 재설계하고 측정도구를 보완하였다. 마지막으로 6개 고등학교에 재학 중인 284명의 학생으로부터 확보된 설문데이터를 통계 분석하여 최종 연구 결과를 도출하였다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정보이용에 대한 과업의 가치와 정보문제는 정보의 다양한 특성을 요구하게 하는 요인이다. 학생들은 정보를 활용한 학습에 대한 가치를 높이 지각할수록 정보의 오락성을 제외한 주제적합성, 분량적절성, 신뢰성, 이해용이성, 최신성, 전문성을 더욱 고려한다. 또한, 정보과업을 비용으로 인식할 때 정보의 신뢰성과 최신성, 전문성을 요구하며, 과제정의 어려움은 이해가 쉬운 정보를 요구하게 한다. 둘째, 학생들이 요구하는 정보의 특성은 선호정보원의 인식 형성에 작용한다. 정보의 분량적절성에 대한 요구는 인쇄자원의 유용성 인식에 영향을 미친다. 정보의 주제적합성과 신뢰성에 대한 요구는 인터넷 웹자원을 더욱 유용하게 여기고 만족하게 하지만, 최신성에 대한 요구는 오히려 인터넷 웹자원의 유용성과 만족도에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 한편, 이해 용이성과 오락성은 온라인 동영상 정보원의 유용성과 만족감 형성에 긍정적으로 작용한다. 셋째, 학생들의 과업가치와 정보문제는 인쇄자원, 인적자원 및 웹 정보원과 인과적 관계를 형성한다. 지식정보를 활용한 학습에 가치를 부여할수록 인쇄자원에 대한 유용성과 편의성 인식 및 만족도가 높다. 반면에, 정보를 활용한 학습을 비용으로 인식할 때는 인쇄자원을 불편하게 느끼며 만족도가 떨어지고, 시간압박을 받을 때는 인터넷 웹정보원의 유용성과 만족도가 저하된다. 한편, 학생들은 과제정의의 어려움을 겪을수록 인적자원의 이용 만족도를 크게 느낀다. 넷째, 학생들의 과업가치와 정보문제가 선호정보원의 인식에 영향을 미칠 때 정보요구의 특성은 그 영향 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 과업가치가 인쇄자원을 유용성에 영향을 미칠 때는 분량적절성에 대한 요구가 매개하며, 인쇄자원을 만족하게 하는 데는 신뢰할 수 있는 정보에의 요구가 그 과정을 매개한다. 또한 과업가치가 인적자원의 만족에 영향을 미칠 때는 이해의 용이성에 대한 요구가, 웹정보원에 대한 만족감과 유용성에 영향을 줄 때는 탐색주제의 적합성과 신뢰성, 최신성에 대한 요구가 매개적 역할을 한다. 한편, 수행과정에서 경험하는 시간압박감은 정보자료의 웹정보원을 더욱 부정적으로 인식하게 하며 이 과정에는 주제적합성의 요구가 작용한다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 개별학교 교육과정과 연계된 다양한 이해 수준의 장서 개발과 제공, 학습 주제 색인어와 그 관계를 제공하는 주제표목표 개발, 도서관 외부의 다양한 온오프상의 학습정보자원을 체계적으로 안내하는 정보래퍼럴서비스 강화, 인적자원과 상호교류할 수 있는 직간접적인 기회 제공 및 교과교사와의 선제적인 협력으로 정보부과자인 교사와 학생 이용자를 연결하는 사서의 역할 강화를 제안한다. 본 연구는 기존 선행연구에서 논의되지 않았던 정보 과업의 동기요인인 과업가치와 탐색 과정에서 겪는 다양한 정보 문제를 파악하였으며, 이들이 학습정보요구 특성과 선호정보원의 유형 및 인식에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하여 학교도서관의 실질적인 정보서비스 방안을 제시하였다는 데 의의가 있다. 어린 학습자의 학업을 돕고, 미래 인재로의 성장을 지원하는 도서관의 정보서비스와 관련 정책 설계의 객관적인 근거자료가 되기를 바란다. The knowledge-based information society leads to educational ideology, goals, and content changes. It thus requires a new learning method that can internalize and organize knowledge by exploring and converging various knowledge and information. In this educational environment, students should carry out subject-oriented and problem solving-based learning tasks which need to utilize various knowledge and information. Whenever students perform those learning tasks as an intellectual growth process, they should consider task value and information problems to determine the depth and scope of information and select information sources. It is necessary to examine and analyze the effect of the task value and information problems that students feel on the characteristics of information needs and the perceptions towards selected information sources to understand students' information-seeking behaviors from the information user's point of view. This effort would help make academic information services more effective for students. Thus, this study aims at investigating the effect of the subjective value of the task and the information problems on the information needs and the perception of information sources. The task value is based on that of the expectancy-value theory in the education field. The information problems are the cost, time pressure, and difficulty of a task definition in the learning process. The characteristics of information need are classified into relevance of topic, appropriateness of the amount, credibility, ease of understanding, currentness, entertainingness, and professionalism, and the perceptions towards information sources denote usefulness, convenience, and satisfaction. This study surveys 284 students from six high schools who are information users having experienced the information problems in various intellectual growth processes. The gathered data were quantitatively and statistically analyzed to determine the causal relationship between the task value, the information problems, the characteristics of information need, and the perceptions of information sources. This study shows that the task value and information problems significantly affect the information needs and the perceptions of the sources used for learning and solving tasks. First, the task value significantly affects the relevance of topic, the appropriateness of the amount, the ease of understanding, credibility, professionalism, and the currentness of information needs. And the cost significantly affects the credibility, currentness, and professionalism, whereas the difficulty of task definition substantially affects the ease of understanding of information needs. Second, the characteristics of information need significantly influence the perceptions of information sources. Specifically, the appropriateness of the amount make students negatively perceived printed resources. On the other hand, due to the relevance of topic, credibility, and the currentness of information needs, students usefully and satisfactorily perceive web-based resources. Also, the ease of understanding and the entertainingness are the primary factors to make online video resources valuable and satisfactory. Third, the task value significantly and positively affects the perception of printed resources, human resources, and web-based resources. In particular, in the task value of learning, the students perceive that printed resources are the most useful, convenient, and satisfactory. On the other hand, the cost is significantly but negatively related to the usefulness and satisfaction of printed resources. Also, the time pressure significantly and negatively affects the usefulness and satisfaction towards web-based resources, whereas the difficulty of task definition significantly and positively affects the satisfaction with human resources. Last, while the task value and information problems affect the students' perception of preferred sources, the characteristics of information need significantly mediate their causal relationship. Specifically, the credibility of information needs positively mediates the recognition of task value and the satisfaction with printed resources; the ease of understanding mediates the satisfaction with human resources; and the relevance of topic, credibility, and currentness mediate for web-based resources. On the other hand, students' time pressure causes a negative perception of web-based resources through the relevance of topic. Based on these results, this study suggests that libraries need to focus on developing information collections by considering school curriculum and students' different levels of understanding ability and to provide the subject headings related to learning topics. Also, libraries need to expand information referral services that can guide various on-off learning resources outside the school and reinforce librarians' role as intermediates connecting teachers (i.e., imposers) and students (i.e., users). This study can help understand the information task value that students perceive in learning and the information problems that students experience. Above all, this study analyzes and understand the effect of the task value and information problems on students' information-seeking behaviors, i.e., information needs and the perceptions of information sources. Therefore, this study could provide valuable and practical information for school library planning and policy to establish better information services.

Addressing the Gaps in Eighth-Grade Students' Information Literacy Skills: A Mixed Methods Approach

McLemore, Caitlin Clause ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The Johns Hopkins 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Information literacy considers how individuals find, evaluate, and use information. This quasi-experimental, fixed-effects, mixed-methods study explored strategies for addressing the gaps in eighth-grade students’ information literacy skills at an all-girls independent school. To teach the specific information literacy skill of evaluating online information sources, students participated in a discipline-based, gamified instructional unit with teacher-librarian collaboration. All eighth-grade students participated in a seven-day instructional unit during social studies classes, with 50-minute class periods. Students completed lessons in Checkology, a web-based platform with gamified, interactive lessons. At the end of each class, the students participated in a whole-group discussion. Next, students worked on an individual research project. In addition to librarian-curated resources, students were asked to independently choose at least one online information source. Students also completed the ninth-grade, 10-item Evaluate Sources and Information subsection of the Tool for Real-time Assessment of Information Literacy Skills before and after the intervention. Additional data included attendance sheets, classroom activities time logs, field notes from classroom observations, transcripts from student focus groups, student source annotations, and Checkology class reports. Findings indicated successful adherence to the research design. However, the dose delivered included additional activities, as students completed the planned lessons in less time than expected. Overall, students reported a positive experience interacting with the intervention components. Student results from the preintervention and postintervention assessment indicated a significant difference between the intervention and the students’ ability to evaluate online information sources. Qualitative data from focus groups and observations also revealed a positive change in students’ ability to evaluate online information sources. The intervention factors that appeared to provide the most impact included the discipline-based approach and teacher-librarian collaboration, while the impact of gamification on student learning was less clear. Data on self-efficacy was limited, but suggested a positive change in students.

(The) impact of information quality and source credibility on media credibility and consumer behavioral intentions : an application of the elaboration likelihood model

이혜원 Graduate School, Yonsei University 2015 국내박사

Recently, food and dining related information can be seen in the rise of food programs on media, and moreover consumers’ food choices and dietary behavior can be markedly affected by persuasion communication and information processing. Communication and information provision efforts can have an impact in terms of changing or forming consumers’ knowledge, attitudes including food choices and dining-out, and decision making. Therefore, the role and potential impact of food-related communication has gained attention in recent years. Due to the free access to the media, consumers can seek and get too much food-related information from the media. Thus, media needs to provide useful and proper information and try to be strengthened to give right cognition to consumer continuously. The purpose of this study was a) to examine the effects of perceived information quality and credibility of media source on perceived media credibility, b) to explore the effects of perceived quality of the media, perceived credibility of media source, and media credibility on behavioral intentions after using the media as the media has important role to determine consumer’s perception to dining-out, c) to assess three different sources of media formats: TV media (i.e., TV), Web media (i.e., Internet or SNS), and Print media (i.e., newspapers or magazines), and d) to examine how consumers perceived the quality of message information and media source credibility on credibility of the media as a whole including moderating effect on involvement and need for cognition based on Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM). The elaboration likelihood model proposes two routes of information processing; the central and peripheral routes to systematically investigate the role of involvement and need for cognition. The two types of persuasion process are affected by the depth or intensity of the cognitive activity, so it causes different consumer behavior/behavioral intentions. To analyze the proposed structural relationships among the latent variables, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques were used. Participants were randomly assigned to 379 between the ages of 20 to 49 Korean. It was expected to find consumers’ perception toward three different types of media (TV, Web and Print media) respectively related to food and dining with the personal persuasion process. This study indicated that the relationships among perceived media information/source, media credibility and consumer behavioral intentions were not so clearly defined unexpectedly. Nevertheless, this study will contribute to the literature about persuasion communication in terms of dining-out with media. This research also represented an important contribution to the translation of the theoretical conceptualizations of credibility into practical use in the context of food. This research was intended to provide an incremental step towards better understanding of the consumers’ perception of media credibility, media information and media source and consumer behavioral intentions in hospitality industry. Future research will extend my understanding judgment and decision-making process of information quality and source credibility, and that will eventually lead to the design of the media that effectively support recipients’ judgment of quality and credibility among several types of media when searching for food and dining related information.

(A) Study of Information Sources Influencing the Perceived Risk of Consumers and Intention to Use Online accommodation Sharing Business : Focused on Airbnb

薛媛 경희대학교 대학원 2020 국내석사

As accommodation sharing is rapidly developing, online accommodation sharing platform is accepted by more and more consumers. Airbnb is the one of the most successful examples of those sharing economic platforms. However, with the increasing of the negative news about Airbnb, consumers started to realize the various risks in using online accommodation sharing platforms. The aim of this study is to verify the negative information sources influence the consumer’s perceived risks in different weights and how perceived risks influence the consumer’s intention to use Airbnb. The results confirmed that there is a high positive relationship between “negative information sources” dimensions and “consumer’s perceived risks” dimensions, and perceived risks influence the consumer’s intention to use Airbnb. Also the results indicated that the consumer’s negative prior experiences contribute most to increase the consumer’s perceived risks and the most effective risk which influences the consumer’s usage intention is physical risk. Based on these results, theoretical and practical implications are presented.

점포의 정보원천이 기대와 만족에 미치는 영향

석몽아 우석대학교 대학원 2013 국내석사

<ABSTRACT> Influence of Store Information Sources on Store Expectation and Satisfaction Shi Mengya Department of International Business Graduate School, Woosuk University This study focused on the relationship of store information resources, consumer expectation, and store satisfaction. In order to do this, the study carried out using both documentary and empirical study. Through extensive literature review, it defined the main components of the study such as store information source, store expectation, and customers' satisfaction on store and product. Based on this, it also developed study instruments to hypotheses and a study model was suggested. In the empirical study, the data were collected from 199 tourists who had visited Jeonju, Korea. Empirical studies have analyzed characteristics of variables and tested hypotheses. A summary of the analyzed results is as follows: The kind of store information sources are different according to the business type and consumer demographics. And expertise and reliability of information sources are different as same. Therefore situation of store or target market are important in investigating the store information sources. Internet and blog sources are the most important and mass media and word-of-mouth source are next one. Travel agency and internet advertisement sources are high scores in view of reliability level of sources. Travel behaviors and demographics of store visiter influences the source selection. Regression analysis finds the direct influence information source on expectation, expectation on satisfaction. Therefore, the result of this study has shown both theocratical and marketing implication to the store operation and management. In addition, further study can be carried out with more case studies for trust transference study in order to define the fundamental components to trust transference and extend its theocratical points. Moreover, the major problems of practicing its efficiency in store information system can be addressed.

알파세대 초등학생의 학업 및 일상생활에서의 정보추구행태에 관한 연구

황인범 전북대학교 교육대학원 2024 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to investigate the information-seeking behavior of elementary school students corresponding to the Alpha generation in their academic and daily lives. Generation Alpha is a term that refers to people born in 2010 to 2024. They are more skilled at handling digital devices and content, such as YouTube and iPad, than any other generation. They are also called digital natives, characterized by weakened literacy, low concentration, and low traditional sociality, instead of being familiar with digital devices and content. They are also the only generation that experienced the COVID-19 pandemic during their childhood to grow up. In this study, we investigated what topics elementary school students in the Alpha generation mainly have information needs and what sources of information they use for each information request. In addition, we investigated the overall information behaviors, including the reason for choosing information sources, and investigated the difficulties they face in obtaining information. Finally, the perception of the Alpha generation's media literacy was investigated. The research questions set in this study are as follows. Q1. What are the information needs of Alpha Generation elementary school students in their daily lives? Q2. What are the characteristics of Alpha-generation elementary school students' information-seeking behavior according to the subject of information needs? Q3. Are there any difference in information-seeking behavior according to demographic characteristics of elementary school students in the alpha generation? Q4. Are there any difference in information-seeking behavior according to media literacy education? In order to present the answers to the above research questions, a questionnaire on information-seeking behavior was produced, distributed, and analyzed for 4th to 6th graders of 4 elementary schools in Jeollabuk-do. Through a survey, their information-seeking behavior was examined. Through this, an information service plan for the Alpha generation in the school field was presented, and it was intended to help establish the direction of media literacy education for them. A total of 101 people were surveyed. The results of the study are as follows. First, Alpha-generation elementary school students most often needed hobby and leisure information, followed by career information, academic information, health and appearance information, and daily life information. Second, it was found that elementary school students in the Alpha generation use video platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Twitch the most to obtain the information they need. After that, it appeared in the order of family, Internet community or portal sites, SNS, friends, TV or radio and OTT, books or newspapers, and magazines. Third, when analyzing the reasons for selecting information sources to solve information needs, friendliness was selected the most, followed by convenience, diversity, reliability, popularity, professionalism, and up-to-dateness. Fourth, as a result of investigating the success of acquiring information for each information subject, it was found that the success rate of acquiring information about career information was the lowest. After that, health and appearance information, academic information, and social information were in order. In the case of career information, female students were required at a higher rate than male students. Fifth, 46.5% of students responded that they had no difficulty in obtaining information as a result of a survey on the difficulties experienced by elementary school students in the Alpha generation. However, not many of these responses judged the suitability or reliability of information with clear grounds. Therefore, in reality, it is predicted to be lower. Sixth, it was found that students with experience in media literacy education had less difficulty in obtaining information than those who did not. The latter group was found to have more difficulty in determining the reliability of information, finding desired information, and understanding the content of the information than the former group. Seventh, 40.6% of elementary school students in Alpha Generation said they do not use computer devices such as desktops and laptops at all, higher than 22.8% who do not use book materials at all. Their use of smartphones increased, but the same results as previous studies that showed that elementary school students' ability to use computers retreated. This study investigated the information needs, the behavior of using information sources, and grounds for using information sources of elementary school students who are the Alpha generation by gender and media literacy education. There is no research analyzing the information-seeking behavior of the Alpha generation yet, so this study will be meaningful. Based on this study, it is expected to be very helpful in establishing the direction of school library information utilization education and information services for Alpha generation students who will be the leaders of society in the future.