國民學校 授業奬學의 實態와 改善方案에 關한 硏究

洪泰和 경희대학교 대학원 1995 국내석사

한국판 DSM-5 성격질문지 단축형(PID-5-SF)의 구성과 타당도

홍태화 충북대학교 2016 국내석사

본 연구에서는 한국판 DSM-5 성격질문지(The Personality Inventory for DSM-5; PID-5)의 타당화를 위해 선행연구를 보완하고, 단축형 척도를 구성하여 신뢰도 및 타당도를 확인하였다. 연구 1에서는 한국판 PID-5의 신뢰도 및 타당도를 확인하고 단축형을 구성하기 위해 만 18세 이상의 성인 510명의 자료를 사용하여 기술통계 분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 상관분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 한국판 PID-5는 원판과 유사하게 5요인 구조로 나타났으며 선행연구 결과를 바탕으로 우리나라에 적합한 PID-5의 요인구조를 확인하였다. 둘째, 한국판 PID-5는 적절한 수준의 내적 합치도와 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 가졌다. 셋째, 한국판 PID-5는 성격장애 진단검사, PSY-5 척도, NEO-FFI와 적절한 수준의 상관을 보여 타당하였다. 마지막으로 각 양상당 요인부하량이 높은 순서대로 4문항씩 추출하여 총 100문항의 한국판 DSM-5 성격질문지 단축형(The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form; PID-5-SF)을 구성하였다. 연구 2에서는 한국판 PID-5-SF의 신뢰도 및 타당도를 확인하였다. 이를 위하여 만 18세 이상의 성인 132명의 자료를 사용하였으며 기술통계 분석, 확인적 요인분석, 상관분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 한국판 PID-5-SF는 원형과 동일한 요인구조를 가졌다. 둘째, 한국판 PID-5-SF는 적절한 수준의 내적 합치도를 나타냈다. 셋째, 한국판 PID-5-SF는 원형이 측정하고자 하는 특질을 잘 측정하였으며, 성격장애 진단검사, PSY-5 척도, NEO-FFI와 적절한 수준의 상관을 가져 타당도가 검증되었다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라에 적합한 PID-5의 요인구조를 탐색하고 한국판 PID-5-SF의 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 제작된 한국판 PID-5-SF는 DSM-5 Secion III 성격장애 모델의 경험적 연구에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate of the Korean version Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form(PID-5-SF). Study 1 was designed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korea version The Personality Inventory for DSM-5(PID-5). Data from 510 adults over the age 18 was analyzed using descriptive statistic analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis. The results are follow: First, a result of examining the factor structure was showed that five-factor is adequate with the Korea. Second, Korean version PID-5 was confirmed adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Third, this scale was correlated with the Diagnostic Test for Personality Disorders, PSY-5 scale and NEO-FFI. Finally, Korean version PID-5-SF was constructed with 100 items. Study 2 examined the reliability and validity of the Korean version PID-5-SF. Collected data from 132 adults over the age 18. The data analysis was performed using descriptive statistic analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis. The results are follow: First, Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that 5 factor model. Second, good internal consistency of the Korean version PID-5-SF was found. Third, This scale correlated with the Diagnostic Test for Personality Disorders, PSY-5 scale and NEO-FFI. Taken together, Korea version PID-5-SF have adequate reliability and validity as a personality disorder test, contributing to better understanding the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.

MS-DOS 학습을 위한 CAI 프로그램 개발

홍태화 동국대학교 교육대학원 1994 국내석사

Design of 8 bit Current Steering RF DAC for Direct Digital Synthesis in CMOS Technology

홍태화 동국대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내석사

This thesis proposes an 8 bit current steering digital-to-analog circuits in RF frequency band required for direct digital synthesizer. Unlike the existing superheterodyne transmitter method, the direct digital synthesis method has the convenience of replacing the complex synthesis and filter method with an RF DAC. Accordingly, the RF DAC has a high Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) performance is required. There are various types of architectures in current steering DAC, but among them, the time interleaving structure and basic structure DAC is designed. Three versions of 8 bit DAC are designed, 8 GS/s time interleaved DAC and 16 GS/s basic DAC are designed in Samsung 28 nm technology, and 12 GS/s basic DAC is designed in TSMC 40 nm technology. In the implemented single channel 12 GS/s DAC shows, 8 bit Effective Number of Bit (ENOB), 69.4 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and 75.8 dBc SFDR at Nyquist frequency (6 GHz) through post layout simulations.

상황 의존적 모바일 서비스를 위한 컨텍스트 마이닝

홍태화 서울대학교 2007 국내박사

學校法人 租稅制度의 問題點과 改善方案

홍태화 成均館大學校 2004 국내석사

As the role of education, the process of cultivating men and women of talent who become the basis for the existence and future development of a country, is very important, it is the government who ought to be liable and responsible for education. Universities can be classified largely into two categories: state/public universities and private universities. Private universities consist of 32% of all types of universities combined. Universities, including colleges, are responsible for more than 84% of higher education. Therefore it is only natural and obligatory for government to support these private universities. Private universities are currently in financial difficulties. The income of the universities depends highly (60-70%) on the tuition fee paid by students whereas the support from the government is a trifling sum, roughly 4% of the total fiscal scale. Furthermore, universities have very little sources of profit and income and are economically restrained due to the tax regime and government policies. Hence, this income contributes a mere 6% to operational income. It is expected that there is to be a decrease in tuition fee, the reason being partly the fault of decreasing numbers in students as well as the irrational behavior of some private universities which has brought about distrust from the general public. The careless policies of increasing the number of universities and student quota ratios have resulted in serious financial crisis of private universities. There are direct ways and indirect ways to support educational foundations in financial crisis. Direct ways of support include the significant increase in government subsidies. The government should increase the subsidy level from the current approximate 4% of working capital to similar levels to that of state/public universities. Indirect support includes the support of the tax regime to educational foundations of private universities. Considerations must be made that private university's specific character and role for public interest is the same as that of state/public universities. Further, although they play similar role in education with the same level of control they have much lower levels of government support compared with state/public universities and are under the control of the tax regime equal to non-profit making bodies. We must pay special attention to cases where tax law is prepared or revised to be applied to other non-profit organizations but are imposed more heavily on private universities. These cases have led to financial difficulties of private universities which result in elevating financial difficulties in our society. However, although it would seem that government subsidiaries awarded to private universities would be more profitable, it is in fact very difficult to implement as this would require changes in the government budget plans and revision of policies. Therefore taking all of the above into account, it would be wiser to find an alternative in the tax regime. It has been suggested to classify private universities separately from profit making and non-profit making entities within the tax regime. Keeping that in mind, some laws are applicable to this case as follows: (1) Corporate Tax Law ① Currently business reserve funds are appropriated for loss for limited periods of time according to the Tax Exemption Law. This can be changed to steady tax support in Corporate Tax Law. ② Withholding tax at income such as interest payment which is reimbursed later after closing books and tax adjustment can be exempted as is done in America, which results in help in operation of fund and administration of private universities. ③ Donations made to private universities by corporations can be appropriated for the loss as is the case with private entities. The same tax regime as that applied to universities can be applied to academic-industrial collaboration. (2) Income Tax Law Tax exemption for research support must continuously decrease from 1991 so that in 2007 it can be maintained at a 20% exemption level, the same as in 2003. (3) Value Added Tax Law VAT is exempted for education provided by universities. However, all goods and services purchased by universities include VAT and following, this VAT has to be included in the cost of education service. As VAT is exempted for the portion where customs duty is exempted, VAT should be exempted for the goods and services purchased by universities. (4) Local tax law The lease of welfare facilities at universities is considered as profit-earning businesses. Therefore, local tax is currently charged. These facilities must be treated as universities' own business purpose and local tax which is charged on this area should be exempted. (5) Inheritance / Donation Tax Law When domestic corporations donate stocks to educational institutions for the excess of 5 out of 100 of total stocks which the corporation issued, inheritance/donation tax is charged. This should be exempted to help university earn profit. (6) Farm Land Law The restriction in acquiring farm land should be eased to the same level applied to state/public universities. Such suggested changes in the tax regime will encourage mutual growth through fair competition in financial and taxation benefits with state/public universities and bring overall enhancement of national education and also, helping to bring up men and women of talent who will lead the future of this country. Currently no university can claim that they are up to International standards. Fair competition will encourage individual universities and help to form the basis to becoming a university of high reputation. Furthermore state/public universities and private universities, the two axis of national education, can play different roles. State/public universities may be able to concentrate on fundamental studies that form foundation of national development in return to the heavy supports and benefits from the government and private universities. Private universities, on the other hand, can specialize in various areas depending on specific individual character and independence based on public interest.

인체혈관내피세포막의 Junctional Molecule에 대한 Apicularen A의 영향

홍태화 충남대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

채터 저감을 위한 능동진동저감스테이지 설계와 제어에 관한 연구

홍태화 한국산업기술대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내석사

금속 가공은 18세기 후반 산업혁명 이후 본격적으로 시작되었다. 오랜 역사와 함께 공작기계 및 가공 기술은 기계 공학 학문 분야에서 가장 중요한 연구 분야중 하나로 자리 잡았다. 현대 산업에서 자동차 산업, 조선업, 항공 산업이 발전함에 따라 가공 기술역시 점점 발전해 왔다. 가공 시스템 및 가공기술은 성공적으로 상용화에 성공하였으며, 이제는 새로운 가공기술의 요구가 증대 되고 있다. 가공 성능을 악화 시키는 다양한 요인 중 가공 시 발생하는 진동은 가공 품질을 떨어뜨리는 주요 요인이다. 가공 중 발생하는 진동은 “채터링” 현상이라 불리 우는 현상을 만들어낸다. 채터링 현상에는 다양한 종류가 존재하는데 그 중에서도 가공 품질에 치명적인 악영향을 끼치는 재생성 채터링 현상이 존재한다. 재생성 채터는 자려진동의 일종으로 1회전 전의 절삭에서 발생한 진동이 가공시편 표면에 남아서 그 진동이 현재의 절삭에 있어서 절삭 두께의 변동으로서 재생된다. 이로 인해 가공 시편에 물결 모양의 형태를 만들어 가공 품질에 치명적인 악영향을 미치게 된다. 채터링 현상은 공구의 수명 단축 및 가공 품질 저하와 같은 가공 성능을 악화시키기 때문에 채터링의 주요 원인인 가공 시에 발생하는 진동을 억제할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 일반적으로 채터링 현상을 회피하는 방법은 SLD(Stability lobe diagram)를 사용하여 채터링 현상을 피할 수 있다. SLD 지표는 절삭 깊이와 스핀들 회전 속도에 의거하여 생성되는 그래프로 절삭조건에 따라 채터링이 발생하는 영역과 발생하지 않는 영역으로 나누어 보여준다. 하지만 SLD지표 에 의존하여 채터링을 회피하기 위해 한없이 낮은 절삭 깊이를 고집하게 된다면, 이는 생산성 향상에 악영향을 끼치게 된다. 따라서 SLD 곡선이 아닌 다른 방법으로 진동을 피할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존에 사용하던 SLD를 이용하는 방식이 아닌 능동진동저감 장치를 제안한다. 능동진동저감 장치는 유연가이드 기구와 피에조 구동기, 변위센서로 구성되어있다. 피에조 구동기는 그 구조에 따라 다른 구동기에 비해 강한 힘을 가지고 있는 반면, 이송 거리가 짧다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 연구용 알루미늄 시편을 가공할 때 발생하는 진동을 제어하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 알루미늄 시편을 사용했을 시에 발생하는 진동이 최대 20um를 넘지 않아 상대적으로 큰 힘을 내며 짧은 스트로크를 가지고 있는 피에조 구동기를 사용하기에 적합하다. 가공시의 진동으로 인해 발생하는 주파수는 70Hz 대역이다. 따라서 100Hz 이하의 주파수를 제어하는 것이 목표로, 일반적으로 제어 주파수에 4배 이상에 해당하는 400Hz 이상의 유연기구 스테이지를 설계하는 것이 목표이다. 유연가이드 기구는 Leaf-Type 스프링 힌지로 구성되어 있으며, 본 논문에 능동 진동저감장치의 모델링을 제시하였다. 제시한 모델링을 토대로 사용하는 연구용 시편을 제어하기 위한 유연기구스테이지의 최적 설계가 이루어졌다. 최적 설계는 Matlab 의 Optimization ToolBox의 SQP(Sequential Quadratic Program) 알고리즘을 사용하여 이루어 졌으며, 최적 설계 결과 448.5Hz 의 1차 공진 주파수를 갖는 유연기구 스테이지를 설계 및 제작하였다. 능동진동저감장치의 제어 알고리즘은 위치 피드백을 받아 PID 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 가공시 발생하는 진동은 X, Y 축의 진동이 가장 지배적이다. 진동이 발생하게 되면 각 축에 설치된 변위 센서에서 진동을 측정하여 축별로 제어 알고리즘을 적용 시켰다. 결과적으로 능동 진동저감 장치를 적용함에 따라 가공시 발생하는 진동이 X축은 58% 감소 효과를 볼 수 있었으며, Y축은 63% 감소한 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 능동진동저감장치를 통하여 가공 품질과 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

Collaborative Filtering 알고리즘을 이용한 Recommender System의 퍼포먼스 향상 방안에 관한 연구

홍태화 서울대학교 대학원 2001 국내석사

인체 구강암세포에서 오메가-3 지방산의 세포독성 기전

홍태화 충남대학교 대학원 2013 국내박사

In the United States, about 40,000 new cases of oral cancer are diagnosed and nearly 7,800 patients die from it, 2012. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 fatty acid) have been found to have anticancer effects in a variety of cancer cell lines and animal models, but their effect in oral cancer remains unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a kind of omega-3 fatty acid) on oral cancer cells and the molecular mechanism of its action. We found that exposure of SCC4 and SCC9 human oral cancer cells to DHA resulted growth inhibition in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, in addition to the elevated levels of apoptotic markers such as cleaved PARP, subG1 portion and TUNEL-positive nuclei, DHA led to autophagic vesicle formation and an increase in autophagic flux, indicating the involvement of both apoptosis and autophagy in the inhibitory effects of DHA on oral cancer cells. Further experiments revealed that the apoptosis and autophagy induced by DHA were linked to inhibition of mTOR signaling by AKT inhibition and AMPK activation in SCC-9 cells. Together, our results suggest that DHA induces apoptosis- and autophagy-associated cell death through AMPK/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in oral cancer cells. In addition, DHA decreased the level of -catenin and inhibited TCF/LEF. Cox-2 promoter reporter activities was also inhibited in oral cancer cells. DHA inhibited in vitro invasion in a dose-dependent manner. In zymography, MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities were reduced and MMP-9 and MMP-2 promoter activities were also inhibited by DHA treatment. VEGF promoter activity also decreased. In addition, DHA inhibited NF-kB promoter reporter activities. In in vivo experiments, when fSCC-9sc were implanted into nude mice, both tumor size and volume were dramatically inhibited compared to SCC-9cc. Furthermore, TUNEL positive cells increased in tumor from fSCC-9sc compared with SCC-9cc in immunocytochemistry. These findings suggest that DHA may induce cell death through apoptosis as well as autophagy via mTOR inhibition and inhibit tumorigenicity as well as cancer cell invasion by inhibition of MMPs and VEGF via reduction of NF-kB were identified in oral cancer. Thus, utilization of omega-3 fatty acid may represent a promising therapeutic approach for chemoprevention and treatment of human oral cancer.