녹색도시 지역 온실가스와 유해대기오염물질 배출특성과 배출량 산정 : Characteristics and emissions estimation of green house gas and hazardous air pollutants in a green city

이종연 부경대학교 대학원 2012 국내박사

After Kyoto Protocol was adopted for green house gas (GHG) reduction, each nation is stepping up efforts to reduce CO2 of a typical green gas. And also, the management of GHG and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) is becoming their matter of primary concern. Therefore, it is very important to make the green city master plan which is minimizing GHG emissions and creating jobs through reorganization of the low-carbon type infrastructure and lifestyle. So far, GHG has been designated as a "climate․ecosystem change-causing material" not a pollutant in Korea. But now, GHG will be managed as air pollutants because the gas has a harmful influence on national health and environment such as the death by scorching heat, malaria patient increase by a rise in temperature, and ecosystem destruction by a sudden change in habitat environment. Above all, it is important to emissions estimation correctly to manage the GHG and HAPs. The estimation method of GHG emissions is based on the type, structure and mechanism of the emissions. Basically, the method should be different by the emissions and are classified into two categories by estimation principle. One is a method of measurement for direct confirm of the GHG emissions. Another is a method of calculation appling emission factor which is a standard number by correlation analysis between activity and amount of the GHG emissions. The method of measurement has high confidence in accuracy and transparency of the data because of actual measurement using equipment, but it needs comparatively high cost and is dependent on good equipment performance. On the other hand, the method of calculation is an estimated figure which uses the emission factor converted into activity and amount of the GHG emissions, and the emissions accuracy can be decided on the emission factor. In actual estimation of emissions, it might be proper that each nation decides application method taking into account conditions of the nation, purpose and cost of the estimation. For example, EU prefers the method of calculation because of their accumulated data over the long term, while USA prefers the method of measurement. To establish actual management plan of GHG and HAPs, this study carried out direct measurement of the gases concentration and estimation of emissions at Gangneung green city. Also, the estimation of GHG emissions was compared to the emission result by IPCC default value. As a result, the estimation of HAPs emissions in cement plants was 1,098.94 kg/yr. In road transport, the estimation of HAPs emissions was 1.11 kg/yr in case of LPG and 5,252.08 kg/yr in case of diesel and 765.38 kg/yr in case of gasoline. The estimation of actual GHG emissions in power plants was 970,498 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 55% of 1,758,503 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. Also, the estimation of actual GHG emissions in the manufacturing industry was 8,461 tonCO2eq/yr that is more than double compare to 4,102 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. In case of household heating, the estimation of actual GHG emissions was 173,448 tonCO2eq/yr that is more than 1.6 compare to 102,991 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. In case of road transport, the estimation of actual GHG emissions was 304,714 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 55% of 549,335 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. In case of the cement manufacturing industry, the estimation of actual GHG emissions was 4,118,278 tonCO2eq/yr that is more than 1.38 compare to 2,957,895 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. But the default value including fuel use was 3,861,085 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 94% of the actual GHG emissions. The estimation of actual GHG emissions in landfill was 70 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 5% of 1,548 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. But the actual GHG emissions including seasonal influence was 669 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 43% of default value. The estimation of actual GHG emissions in sewage treatment plants was 0.4 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 0.03% of 1,188 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. But the actual GHG emissions including seasonal influence was 15 tonCO2eq/yr accounting for 1% of default value. In addition, the estimation of actual GHG emissions in waste water disposal plants was 88 tonCO2eq/yr that is more than 1.06 compare to 83 tonCO2eq/yr by the default value. But the actual GHG emissions including seasonal influence was 156 tonCO2eq/yr that is more than 1.88 compare to default value. It is clear from this study that the major factors for emissions estimation are the emission factor and activity of emissions. Also, the emissions activity can be used reliable data such as statistics of national agencies, while the emission factor can be used effect as a key factor by sampling site and analysis condition.

신결석 환자에서 체외충격파쇄석술시 적합한 충격파 빈도 및 전처치에 대한 연구

이종연 중앙대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

연구배경: 체외충격파쇄석술시 충격파 빈도 및 세기의 변화를 통해 성공률 향상 및 신손상 감소 시키는 여러 방법이 연구 되고 있다. 이에 신결석 환자에서 체외충격파쇄석술시 충격파의 빈도 및 세기에 따른 성공률 및 신손상 정도를 동시에 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2010년 12월부터 2011년 5월까지 본원에서 15mm이하 크기의 신결석으로 체외충격파쇄석술을 시행 받은 48명을 대상으로 하였다. 각각의 환자는 분당 60회와 120회로 쇄석술 시행 및 저에너지의 충격파 전처치의 유무에 따라 4군으로 나누었다. 군에 따라 총 쇄석술 시행 횟수, 처음 쇄석술 후 성공률, 요중 N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), 부작용, 총경비를 측정하였다. 결과: 환자들의 평균 연령은 52.1세 였으며, 환자 성비는 전체적으로 남자는 32명, 여자는 16명으로 남자 환자가 더 많았다. 결석은 우측 신결석이 더 많았으며, 평균 결석 크기는 7.06mm였으며, 각군간의 차이는 없었다. 체외충격파쇄석술 시행 횟수를 비교 하였을 때 분당 60회로 시행한 군에서는 1.36회, 분당 120회로 시행한 군에서는 2.0회로 분당 60회로 시행한 군에서 더 낮은 시행횟수를 보았으며, 통계적으로 유의하게 측정되었다 (p<0.05). 전처치를 시행한 군과 하지 않은 군 간에 체외충격파쇄석술 전 후 NAG 와 Creatinine (Cr) 수치를 비교 하였다. 시행전 NAG/Cr 값은 두 군간에 차이는 없었으며, 쇄석술 시행 후 얻은 NAG/Cr 값은 전처치를 시행한 군에서는 12.61, 시행하지 않은 군 10.53으로 측정되었고 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다 (p=0.406). 결론: 체외충격파쇄석술시 충격파 빈도를 분당 120회 보다는 60회로 낮게 해서 시술하면 시술횟수를 줄이고 치료성공률을 높일 수 있었다. 반면에 쇄석술 시술초기에 시행한 저에너지 충격파 전처치의 유무는 신손상의 정도에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이에 저자는 신결석에 대한 체외충격파쇄석술시 충격파의 빈도를 통상적으로 사용하는 분당 120회 보다는 60회로 낮게 시행하면 더 효과적으로 신결석을 분쇄시킬 수 있으며, 쇄석술시 저에너지의 충격파 전처치에 따른 신손상의 감소 유무에 대해서는 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각한다. Purpose: Many studies have been carried out to increase the success rate of ESWL and reduce renal injury by varying shock wave frequency and power. We investigated the success rate after one session as well as urine NAG levels for the evaluation of renal injury according to lower frequency shock waves and pretreatment with low-energy shockwaves during SWL, respectively. Materials and Methods: The study targeted 48 patients who had undergone ESWL with renal stones. Patients were sequentially allocated 4 groups according to 60 or 120 shocks/min and presence of pretreatment. We documented total lithotripsy SWL operating number, success rate after first-SWL, urine NAG, compliance, and total cost for each patient. Results: The average age of patients was 51.6 years, and the overall sex was 32 male and 16 female. The average stone size was 7.06 mm, and there was no significant difference between groups. Data demonstrated that patients treated with 60 shocks/min had lower SWL sessions, respectively 1.36 sessions on 60 shocks and 2.0 sessions on 120 shocks, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). When comparing NAG/Cr ratios of pre/post-SWL treatments between those with and without pretreatment, there was no difference in pre-SWL treatment (p=0.406). Conclusions: SWL treatment with 60 shocks/min yields better outcomes that lower SWL sessions and had an increased success rate than those with 120 shocks/min. In contrary, SWL with or without pretreatment did not impact on renal injury. Therefore, SWL treatment with 60 shocks/min could improve treatment efficacy more than that with 120 shocks/min.

도시지역 다이옥신류의 대기 침적과 토양 및 소나무의 축적 특성에 관한 연구

이종연 부경대학교 2008 국내석사

Air pollutants such as PCDD/DFs are generated from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration facilities. They tend to become concentrated in aquatic environment, soil, natural vegetation through complex chemical/physical mechanism. This study has been examined to estimate air cleanup and logical air pollution by PCDD/DFs. These data were collected at atmosphere(4 spot), air deposition(1), natural vegetation(4), soil(4), instead of direct measurement. The concentration of these contaminants in the air ranged from 0.08 to 0.15 pg I-TEQ/m³. The contamination by PCDD/DFs in atmosphere is likely to be similar or slightly low in comparison with the domestic and other country incineration facilities. The concentration of air deposition ranged from 10.5 to 323pg I-TEQ/m²/month. The PCDD/Fs levels showed the highest values in June, while, in August, the values showed the lowest level. The concentration in the pinetree ranged from 3.1 to 5.2 pg I-TEQ/g. This finding seems that it is similar with the level of air PCDD/DFs concentration. The concentration in the soil ranged from 1.47 to 41 pg I-TEQ/m³, and that is lower than the concentration of domestic incineration facilities. These are very low level in comparison with international soil guidelines(1000 pg I-TEQ/m³). The concentration of DLPCBs in the atmosphere ranged from 0.14 to 7.56 ng WHO-TEQ/m³. The level was high in area located near the factory, incineration, roadway. On the other hand, the levels of houses and shopping malls were low because of a car. The concentration in the air deposition ranged from 1.88 to 3.63ng WHO-TEQ/m³. The levels showed the highest values in June, while, in August, the values showed the lowest level. The concentration of the pinetree ranged from 0.8 to 1.05 pg WHO-TEQ/g and there was no the difference of concentration of each spot.

효과적인 태권도 체육관 경영을 위한 마케팅 전략

이종연 남부대학교 태권도체육대학원 2006 국내석사

In this study, we investigated effective management of Taekwondo academy to take a foundational role with diffusion and development of Taekwondo and tried to find improvement of management of Taekwondo academy by service marketing of Taekwondo academy. Also, it was objected in show to direction of Taekwondo academy for future oriented to the 21st century. We selected Taekwondo academy located in Jeollanamdo at random and investigated the leader Taekwondo and analyzed the trainee and the parents of trainee by using questionnaires. We delivered 600 copies of questionnaires and returned 560 copies of questionnaires. We calculated 547 copies of questionnaires except to 13 copies of questionnaires which were insufficient contents. The questionnaire consisted of four parts. The first part is general questions about individual property of respondent. The second part is question about property of leader. The third part is question about facilities of Taekwondo academy. The fourth part is question about education programs of Taekwondo academy. The returned questionnaire for statistics processing was computed by SPSS 10.0 version. The statistics analysis carried out frequency analysis about all questions. We inspected the difference of χ^(2) frequency distribution about each question. In this result, the conclusion was as following. Firstly, The leader and parents of student indicated foreign relations of leader in property of social background of reader among the Taekwondo academy leader. The other hand, a trainee group prefer to foreign relations of leader and association duty. The leader and parents of student abut condition of leader prefer to passion of leader, relationship of trainee, theory and skill of Taekwondo. The leader group about service of leader prefer to individual concern of trainee and trainee and parent of student group prefer to humanity of leader. Secondly, the leader group about analysis facilities and environments of Taekwondo academy in question about academy dimensions prefer to 40-50p’y?ng. The trainee and parents of student prefer to 30-40p’y?ng. In the question of health states about facilities of Taekwondo academy, the leader, trainee and parents of student prefer to cleanliness of Taekwondo academy. In the lack facilities of Taekwondo academy, the leader and trainee group indicated to audio-visual materials and the parents of student indicated that there is not installed shower room. Thirdly, in the skill education programs, the leader group interested fundamental motion and trainee group interested grade and the parents of student group interested self-defense. In training aim of Taekwondo, the leader group answered personality formation, sociality and cooperative spirit. But the trainee and parents of student group answered improvement of health and defence of body. In the other program of Taekwondo, the parents of student prefer to humanity education program and the trainee prefer to the another sports.

국악 장단 기보법의 현황 연구 : 초등학교 음악교과서와 교사대상 연수교육에 사용된 장구 장단 기보법을 중심으로

이종연 추계예술대학교 교육대학원 2009 국내석사

6차 교육과정부터 초등학교 음악교육과정에 도입된 전통음악 부분은 서양음악에 익숙한 교사나 학생들에게 많은 어려움을 주었다. 그 중에서도 장구 연주 부문은 전통음악 지도에 많은 비중을 차지하고 있어서 전통음악을 담당하는 교사들을 위한 장구 연주에 관련된 연수 교육이 활발히 진행되고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 연수교육현장에서 교사에게 제공되는 장구 가락보는 똑같은 장구 장단을 채보한 것임에도 불구하고 제각기 다른 기보방법을 보여주고 있어서 처음 장구를 접하는 교사들에게는 적지 않은 혼란이 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구자는 7차 교육과정 초등학교 음악교과서에 사용된 중중모리, 굿거리, 자진모리, 휘모리 장구장단 기보 자료를 분석하여 그 기보 자료를 이용한 지도 방법을 연구하고, 교사들을 대상으로 하는 연수 교육 현장에서 제공된 장구 장단 기보 자료의 용례를 수집하여 각각의 장구 장단 기보법이 가지고 있는 장단점을 분석하였다. 2009학년도에 발행된 초등학교 음악교과서와 장구 연주 관련 교사대상 연수에 사용된 장구 장단 기보 자료는 대부분 가로 정간보의 형태를 취하여 그 안에 부호를 넣고 밑에 구음을 다는 방법을 쓰고 있었고 간혹 서양식 리듬표기가 이용되기도 하였으며 가락보에 따라서는 호흡을 강조하거나 타법의 강약을 표현하려는 노력이 보이기도 하였다. 정간보의 한 정간을 한 박으로 하는 경우가 대부분이었으나 간혹 장단의 호흡에 따라 세 박이나 두 박을 한 정간으로 쓰는 경우도 확인할 수 있었고, 구음과 부호에도 조금씩 차이를 보였으며 각 장단의 빠르기에 대해서는 보다 정확한 기준이 주어져 있지 않아 장구 연주에 익숙하지 않은 사람들에게는 혼란을 줄 수 있는 문제점으로 분석되었다. 음악 교과서의 경우에는 대부분의 창작국악동요와 몇몇 가창학습에 무게를 둔 민요 단원에서 장구장단을 생략하는 경우가 있어 추후 개정 교육과정에 수정해야할 부분으로 판단되었다. 점점 전통음악에 대한 관심도가 높아지는 가운데 누구나 쉽게 전통음악을 접하고 익힐 수 있게 하려면 누가 보아도 이해하기 쉬운 교육용 자료가 있어야 함은 당연한 일이다. 그러나 지금까지처럼 이렇게 다양한 교육용 기보자료를 정리하지 않고 방치한다면 기보방법의 차이는 더욱더 심해질 것은 당연한 일이다. 교사를 위한 교육용 자료의 단일화내지는 일원화를 위한 작업이 그리 쉬운 일은 아닐 것이나 적어도 교육을 해야 하는 교사들이 접하는 교육용 자료에 있어서는 통일된 원칙이 있어야 할 것으로 보인다. 이후 다른 연구자들에 의해 보다 효율적이고 합리적이며 통일된 장단 기보법에 관한 연구가 계속되어지기를 기대한다. The part of Korean traditional music in elementary school music textbooks from the sixth national curriculum has given a lot of difficulties to teachers and students who are accustomed to western music. The section of Janggu performance especially takes up lots of proportion in the education of Korean traditional music, so Janggu performance courses for teachers in charge of Korean traditional music are actively getting under way. However, textbooks or materials provided for teachers in training courses show different way of notation for the same jangdan (similar to the concept of rhythm), so they cause confusion to the teachers who are novices in playing the Janggu. Therefore, in this research, basic jangdan for 'joongjoongmori', 'Gootgeri', 'Jajinmori', 'Hwimori' listed in elementary school music textbooks from the seventh national curriculum are analyzed to develop a teaching method, and from the basic materials for Janggu jangdan provided in teacher training courses are collected and merits and demerits of each notation are examined. Most of notation for Janggu jangdan in elementary school music textbooks published in 2009 and in the materials for teacher training courses use horizontal jeongganbo (the traditional notation score in the pattern of a set of squares originally used vertically) with signs for the beating sound in it and with orals sound for the beating under it. Some notation is in the western style used by keynotes, and some has marks for breathing or dynamics for beating. In most cases, a square of jeonganbo is used for a beat of a time; however, a few cases have been identified that a square is used for two or three beats of a time based on breathing for jangdan. There are also differences in marks and oral sounds for the same beating, and no accurate standard for tempo is presented. These are regarded as factors that bring about confusion to those who are not accustomed to playing the Janggu. In school music textbooks, Janggu notation is absent in the part of new children's songs composed in traditional styles and in the part of Korean traditional folk songs which puts an emphasis on singing. This problem also should be taken into consideration for the revision of the national curriculum. It is natural that having educational resources and materials that are easy to everybody for making them learn in an easy way as the interest in traditional music is increasing. Leaving as they are without being re-organized leads to more and more differences in notation. Although it is not such an easy way to develop unified teaching materials, it surely is necessary for teaching materials to have unified principles. I hope many more research will be done by many other researchers for more effective, reasonable, and unified notation of traditional rhythms.

기독교 유아교육기관 교육과정 평가도구 개발을 위한 기초연구

이종연 總神大學校 大學院 2004 국내석사

본 연구는 일반적인 유아 교육과정 평가 도구가 유아들의 기독교적 인격 성장을 돕는 기독교 유아교육기관의 교육과정 평가 도구로 적절하지 않기 때문에 기독교 세계관에 기초한 기독교 유아교육기관 교육과정 평가 도구 개발을 위한 기초방향을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 설정한 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 1. 기독교 유아교육기관 교육과정 평가 도구를 마련하기 위한 이론적 배경으로 일반 유아교육과정 평가에 대해 이해하고자 선행연구를 분석한다. 2. 기독교 유아교육기관 교육과정 평가 도구를 마련하기 위한 이론적 배경으로 기독교 교육과정 평가에 대해 이해하고자 선행연구를 분석한다. 3. 1과 2의 연구를 바탕으로 기독교 유아교육과정 평가를 위한 내용을 알아본다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구문제를 달성하기 위해 Ⅱ장에서 일반 유아교육과정 평가의 개념 및 도구를 분석, 고찰하였고, Ⅲ장에서는 기독교 교육과정에서의 평가의 개념 및 도구를 분석, 고찰한 후, Ⅳ장에서 앞장에서의 일반 유아 교육과정과 기독교 교육과정에 대한 고찰을 통해 기독교 유아교육기관 교육 과정을 위한 평가 도구 항목을 선정하였다. 이를 위해, 문헌연구 방법을 사용하여 유아교육과정과 기독교 교육과정에 관련된 도서와 논문들을 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기독교 유아교육과정의 개념은 유아가 기독교적인 삶을 실천하며 전인으로 성장 발달 할 수 있도록 성경과 기독교 세계관을 근원으로 하여 유아교육기관에서 실시하는 의도된 학습경험의 총체적 계획이라 할 수 있다. 둘째, 기독교 유아교육과정 평가의 개념은 유아의 전인적인 성장과 발달을 돕기 위해 이루어지는 모든 교육활동의 과정과 결과에 대한 가치판단 및 의사결정을 위해 성경을 기초한 정확한 규범을 가지고 교육 목표의 설정에서부터 발생한 결과를 근거로 교육과정을 개선하고 재구성하는 것이다. 셋째, 기독교 유아교육과정 평가의 목적 및 기능은 교육과정의 평가를 통해 하나님과 자연, 사회, 개인의 관계가 이원론적 관점에서가 아닌 통합적 관점으로 제시되는가를 확인하며, 유아들의 사고능력이나 이해능력에 적합하게 교육과정이 구성되어 있는지를 판단하고, 기존 기독교 유아교육과정의 장·단점을 파악하여 수정 보완함으로써 기독교 유아교육과정의 질적 향상을 도모 하는 것이다. 넷째, 기독교 유아교육과정 평가의 유형을 유아평가와 기독교 유아교육기관 평가의 두 가지로 제시하였다. 이를 위해 유아평가에서는 진단·형성·총괄 평가를 포함할 수 있는 포트폴리오를 제시하였고, 기독교 유아교육기관 평가를 위해서는 기독교 유아교육과정의 평가를 위한 항목을 제시한다. 이는 영적 내용과 일반 유아교육에서 강조되는 건강생활, 사회생활, 표현생활, 언어생활, 탐구생활이 적절하게 통합되어 기독교 유아교육과정이 구성되었는지를 평가하는데 목적이 있다. The purpose of this research is to study a direction for the development and evaluation of a Christian School Curriculum for Young Children based on a Christian world view. It is because the evaluation tool of a general early childhood educational curriculum is impertinent as one of a Christian School for Young Children. The research questions were as follows : 1. On the theoretical background to prepare the evaluation tools of a Christian School Curriculum for Young Children, the pre-study to understand the assesment of a general early childhood educational curriculum was examined. 2. The pre-study to understand the evaluation of a curriculum of a Christian education was examined for the same reason of 1. 3. Contents for the evaluation of a Christian School Curriculum for Young Children were examined based on the research of 1. and 2. To achieve the purpose of this research, the following studies were conducted. In Chapter II, the concept and instruments of the evaluation of a general early childhood educational curriculum were analyzed and studied. In Chapter III, those of the evaluation of a curriculum of Christian education were checked over. In Chapter IV, the evaluation items for a Christian School Curriculum for Young Children were chosen through the review of a course of a general early childhood education and one of a Christian education. For this, the researcher examined many books and papers on a curriculum of a general early childhood education and a Christian education. The results of the study were as follows : First, the concept of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum is that the curriculum is the integrative plan of intended learning experience practiced in early childhood education agencies to help young children live a Christian life and grow, develop to be a whole man based on the Bible and a Christian world view. Second, the concept of the evaluation of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum is that it is improving and restructuring from the educational purpose to its outcome and the curriculum with a right rule based on the Bible for value assessment and decision making of curriculum(process) and results of all educational activities to help young children's growth and development to be a whole man. Third, the purpose and functions of the evaluation of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum are to confirm the relationship between God and others - nature, society, individual - not by dichotomous perspective but by wholistic perspective, to tell whether the educational curriculum is well designated to be suitable for young children's thinking and understanding capacity, and to seek for the quality improvement of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum by finding merits and demerits of the existing Christian early childhood educational curriculum and adjusting, amending them. Fourth, evaluation types of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum were divided into two parts : the evaluation of young children and one of Christian early childhood education agencies, respectively. For the assessment of early childhood, the portfolio including diagnostive evaluation, formative evaluation, and comprehensive evaluation was presented. For the evaluation of Christian early childhood education agencies, the evaluation items of a Christian early childhood educational curriculum were chosen. It attempts to examine whether a Christian early childhood educational curriculum consists of spiritual contents and general education contents such as healthy life, social life, expressive life, language life, and research life emphasized on a general early childhood education in harmony or not.

주체별 매매행태가 시장수익률과 변동성에 미치는 영향 : 외국인,연기금,투신을 중심으로

이종연 서강대학교 경제학과 대학원 2009 국내석사

Korean stock market has been changed enormously since Jan. 2000. Increasing market shares of foreign capital via the abolition of foreign investor bounds, improving indirect investment by mutual funds, and enhancing the role of institutional investors. Even though foreign investors and institutional investors play a more important role than before in Korean stock market, there is a few studying about them. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how new and strong participants in 2000, such as pensions, mutual funds and foreigners, have developed Korean stock market quantitatively and qualitatively. The method using the inspection is EGARCH-X model. In the conclusion, Spillover effect from American stock market to Korean stock market exists in the mean equation. The trading of pensions and funds plays a leading role within market players. It is found that there are volatility crowding phenomena and spillover effect from American stock market to Korean stock market. The most important fact on volatility is the foreign trading and the relationship between volatility and foreign trading is positive. In case of funds, they have an effect on market players indirectly and make market volatility decrease. 2000년대에 들어서면서 국내 주식시장은 여러 가지 변화를 겪었다. 1998년 5월 상장주식에 대한 외국인 투자 한도가 전면폐지 되면서 외국인 투자비중 확대되었고, 2004년 이후 적립식펀드 열풍이 불면서 투신권을 중심으로 간접투자비중이 증가하였으며 기금의 투자정책변화로 주식투자비중 확대하면서 주식 자금의 기관화가 진행되었다. 그러나 이러한 매매주체가 시장에 미치는 영향력이 확대되었음에도 불구하고 짧은 간접투자문화와 기금의 주식투자비중 확대로 인해 관련연구는 미미한 수준이다. 따라서 이 연구를 통해서 2000년대에 새로운 주체로 등장한 연기금과 기관 투자가, 외국인 등의 매매 주체가 주식시장의 양적인 팽창뿐만 아니라 변동성 완화와 같은 질적인 발전에 어떻게 영향을 미쳤는가 시장의 평균 수익률 변동폭을 기준으로 2개의 구간을 설정하여 2005년 1월 첫거래일부터 2008년 10월 17일까지 일별자료를 사용하여 EGARCH-X모형으로 검증하였다. 추정 결과 평균방정식에서 미국시장으로부터 한국시장으로 수익률 이전효과(spillover effect)가 존재하며, 연기금의 매매는 종목당 높은 투자금액으로 가격형성자의 역할을 수행하여 수익률의 양의 신호효과를 보인다. 그러나 변동성 확대구간에서 또한 변동성 방정식에서 추정기간동안 변동성 군집현상과 미국시장으로부터 한국시장의 변동성 이전효과가 존재함을 확인하였다. 변동성에 가장 강력한 영향력을 가지는 것은 외국인 매매로 변동성을 확대시키는 방향으로 작용하고 있으며, 기금의 경우 간접적으로 주체들에게 매매행태에 미쳐 시장의 변동성을 축소시키는 방향으로 작용하였다.

Microarray 分析을 통한 돼지 脂肪含量關聯 候補遺傳子 選拔

이종연 고려대학교 대학원 2007 국내석사

본 연구는 최근 돼지의 육질과 관련하여 지방침착의 중요도가 높아짐에 따라 지방대사 또는 지방축적과 관련한 후보유전자 개발을 위해 등지방 조직 유래의 cDNA microarray를 이용하여 지방함량관련 조직의 유전자 발현 양상을 분석하였다. 공시재료는 재래돼지와 요크셔를 이용하였고, 품종 내에서도 등지방 두께에 따른 분류를 통해 지방함량의 차이를 극대화하였다. 각 집단의 부모로부터 생산된 자손들의 12주령 24주령, 30주령의 간, 등심, 등지방 조직을 이용하였다. 또한 지방함량의 차이를 보이는 집단의 개체들을 추가로 이용하였다. Microarray 분석을 통해 품종별, 각 조직에 대해 높게 발현된 유전자를 볼 수 있었다. 재래돼지의 등지방 조직에서 SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase)와 ELOVL6 (elongation of very long chain fatty acid 6)가 높은 발현을 보였고, 간에서 FMO1 (hepatic flavin-containing mono oxygenase)이 높은 발현을 보였다. 요크셔는 간에서 FGG (fibrinogen gamma polypeptide)와 C3d (complement component c3d), 등지방에서 COL3A1 (type Ⅲ collagen alpha 1)이 높은 발현을 보였다. Real-time PCR을 통해 microarray data의 validation과 품종간 유전자 발현량을 비교하여, 위의 유전자들 중 지방함량에 따른 차등발현 유전자로 SCD, ELOVL6 그리고 FGG를 선정하였다. SCD와 ELOVL6는 지방산 합성과 관련된 유전자로 이들 지방산 함량과 등지방 두께, 등지방 두께와 근내지방 함량은 양의 상관관계를 갖는데 실제로 요크셔(1.44%)보다 재래돼지(5.3%)의 근내지방 함량이 더 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. FGG는 면역체계와 관련되어 있고, 면역체계는 지방과도 관련되어 있어 이 유전자의 발현 정도에 따라 지질대사 정도를 알 수 있다. 두 품종의 지방함량의 차이를 보아 재래돼지는 간에서 합성된 지방산이 중성지방 형태로 다른 조직에 축적되었고, 요크셔는 간에서 합성된 지방산을 주로 에너지 생산에 사용하여 지방함량이 낮다고 판단할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 선정된 유전자 SCD, ELOVL6, FGG는 지방대사에 관여하며 근내지방 함량에도 영향을 미쳐 육질개선에 유용한 유전자가 될 것으로 추정하였다. 향후 이들 유전자들에 대해 개체간의 차이를 줄이고 time series의 간격을 좁혀 분석 한다면, 이들의 metabolism을 세밀하게 파악할 수 있어 더 유력한 후보유전자를 선정할 수 있으며 이를 marker assisted selection에 이용하여 돼지의 효율적인 개량에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This experiment was carried out gene expression profiling using backfat cDNA microarray to select of genes associated with fat contents for improvement meat quality. We used backfat, loin and liver of 12,24 and 30 weeks in KNP (Korean Native Pig) and Yorkhire. Results from micoarray analysis were identified genes that were differentially expressed between KNP and Yorkshire. The strongly overexpressed genes in KNP included SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase) and ELOVL6 (elongation of very long chain fatty acid 6) in backfat, FMO1 (hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase) in liver and in Yorkshire included FGG (fibrinogen gamma polypeptide) and C3d (complement component c3d) in liver, COL3A1 (type Ⅲ collagen alpha 1) in backfat. To validate of microarray data and compare of gene expression between two breed, we used relative quantitative real-time PCR. Consequently, we selected SCD, ELOVL6 and FGG as differentially expressed genes according to fat contents. SCD and ELOVL6 are enzymes that synthesize monounsaturated fatty acid (18:1) and saturated fatty acid, respectively. We identified that these fatty acid and intramuscular fat contents (KNP: 5.3%, Yorkshire: 1.44%) have positive correlation. Increase of FGG is related with lipogenesis in liver. We considered that fatty acid synthesized in liver deposited other tissue in KNP and used production energy in Yorkshire according to difference their fat contents. Keyword : meat quality, fat contents, cDNA microarray, real-time PCR, KNP, Yorkshire

광전 맥파를 이용한 수면 무호흡 및 혈압 측정 방법에 대한 연구

이종연 한양대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

새마을金庫의 戰略的 顧客滿足經營에 關한 硏究

이종연 東國大學校 地域開發大學院 1996 국내석사

Customer-centered thinking is a necessity in today's competitive world. In many places, there are too many goods chasing too few customer. Some companies are trying to expand the size of the market, but most are competing to enlarge their share of existing market As a result, there are winners and losers. The losers are those who bring nothing special to the market. Yet the winners are those who carefully analyze needs, identify opportunities, and create value-laden offers for target customer groups that competitors can't match. The financial institutions that best satisfy their customers will be the winners. They understand and willingly accept the idea that the beat they must march to is sounded their customers. Customer-centered management is the art of identifying and understanding customer needs and creating solutions that deliver satisfaction to the customers. In particular, the reason why the concept of customer satisfaction is being supported in recent years is that it is a prominent subject as a new strategic means. The purpose of this thesis is, first, to explain the background of the formation of the CSM(Customer Satisfaction Management)theory and its principle on the framework and procedure. Second, it is to suggest the guidelines for strategy by which Community Credit Cooperatives can successfully drive CSM to cope with the rapid change of financial environment. Third, for a more precise and accurate research, a customer satisfaction survey was performed on the whole population of Community Credit Cooperatives' customer and personnel. This survey focuses on the major determinants of service quality that customers use basically similar criteria regardless of the type of service. Thus, they are access, communication, competence, courtesy, creditability, reliability, responsiveness, security, tangibles and understanding/knowing the customer. According to the study results, a few key fundamental principle can be identified as outlined in the following: 1) The management(or leaders) must connect with both employees and customers, and they take specific actions that enable them to create meaning I mobilize people, and inspire their organizations to move forward in focused ways-especially, to be customer driven. 2) All business process should be drawn from the customer view point and focused on the front line personnel. As customer satisfaction requires total company involvement, to satisfy the needs of the internal customer of Community Credit Cooperatives is also natural. Direct parallels exist between how employees treat each other and how they treat customers. Employee satisfaction influences customer satisfaction. 3) Community Credit Cooperatives must have a clear sense of their target market and the customer needs they are trying to satisfy. 4) Community Credit Cooperatives must search out customer satisfaction indexes and customer portfolios, both of their own and of competitors, on a regular basis. Customer satisfaction research achieve these four major objectives: determine the critical performance attributes that result in customer satisfaction, assess performance of the Community Credit Cooperative and its major competitor, establish priorities and take corrective action and monitor progress. In conclusion, for the ever-better solution to meet their customer's needs, Community Credit Cooperatives must cultivate a dynamic relationship of trust and openness that grows as they deliver results, dependably, time after time. If so, Community Credit Cooperatives will gain ground among customers.