허무의 사유를 바탕으로한 조각작품 제작연구

유영환 서울대학교 1991 국내석사

코로나 방전처리와 아크릴산 그라프트 중합에 의한 폴리에틸렌의 염색성에 관한 연구

柳永煥 全北大學校 1997 국내석사

Carboxylic acid group(-COOH) grafted surfaces were prepared by the treatment of low-density PE films using a corona with increasing power, followed by the graft copolymerization of acrylic acid. Then, surface characteristics, dyeability of -COOH group grafted surfaces were investigated. The results are summerized as follows. 1. The FTIR-ATR and ESCA analysis verified that -COOH was well produced on the PE surface with the increasing corona power. 2. The water contact angles of the -COOH group-grafted surfaces largely decreased compared with that of the controlled surface (about 97.0℃). 3. When the water contact angles of the -COOH group-grafted surfaces were measured along the increasing corona power, the surface did not show a wettability gradient. 4. The dyeability towards basic dye of the PE was improve by the corona discharge treatment. 5. The dyeability of basic dye to the -COOH group grafted surface was conspicuously improved with increasing corona power.

韓國 少年審判制度의 問題點과 改善方向에 관한 硏究

유영환 忠南大學校 大學院 1986 국내석사

Today the number of juvenile delinquency is increasing with economic growth. But current juvenile judgement system in Korea is insufficient to cope with that. Especiany it has many blind points to guarantee juvenile delinquency's rights and prevent their wrongdoing. In addition throughly official power priciples is applied to the form of examination in juvenile court. Yet, formalities of indicial process of the criminal procedure code cannot be disregarded. So, in this thesis, the actual condition of Korean juvenile judgement system, the point at issue and the reform measure are referenced.

중국 체육의 압축적 근대성에 관한 연구

유영환 수원대학교 2008 국내박사

Since the later nineteenth century, Chinese have been struggling to survive without having the luxury of being able to actively respond to the various challenges from the western world and others. From the 19th, China has strived to match the level of modernization of societies seen in the west thus concentrating on the material modernization of the Chinese economy. However, the national attention giver has failed to recognize the various problems in politics, economy and society, that are connected to the unreasonably accelerated modernization process. Furthermore, it is evident that the cultural self-consciousness and socialistic system are considered to be an essential character of modernity by many scholars although it has not been adapted by the Chinese society obsessed with materialistic expansionism. Chang(1998) defined compressed modernity in korea as the drastic change of korea society during the late twentieth century toward the direction of expanded production. Chang‘s theory is further divided into (a) reversed causation, (b) die-casting effect, (c) complex causation, (d) compressive causation, (e) speed effect, (f) transition effect, (g) quasi causation, (h) accidental pluralism as well as (i) ideal-systematical dissonance effect. Chang’s theoretical framework for analysis will be utilized in order to evaluate the change of sport in China. Since the erecting of People's Republic of China in 1949, Chinese have been struggling to survive through political party strife and economical crisis. And then reform and opening up in 1979, Chinese was confronted with new market economy system and newal construction of Chinese pecular socialism. As a consequence, the economic development of Chinese society has not been in accordance with the advancement of quality of life of its constituents. Traditional values and western values have come to chaotically co-exist. This particular development pattern is also apparent in sport: the development of modern sport in China has been such that quantitative development has prevailed at the expense of qualitative development. In Chinese society, many factors prove to play an influential role in sports. For instance, the kind of sport played, the equipment used, and the mannerisms exhibited all serve as important indicators of an individuals class within society. Under influences of compressed modernity, contemporary sport in Chinese society has reinforced the division between social classes and cohesion among the members of the same class. This trend has distorted the development of professional and amateur sport alike, and has emerged as a significant antisocial problem. Another visible trend attempts to redefine sport as the activities for health and recreational benefits, rather than status or class symbols. Traditionally the development of sport has been influence by general change within society. However, sport has emerged as a leading segment of culture and has influenced other sections that compose Chinese society. It is the purpose of this author to analyze the influence of general change in society on the development of sport, as well as the increasing influence of sport in relation to the other segments of Chinese society. This dissertation examines the changes seen in sport in China based on the attributes of compressed modernity. Results obtained from this research are as follows : Firstly, Compressed modernity in Chinese society was explained through change of Chinese theoretically, manifested as a change mechanism of improving its Chinese pecular socialism. Secondly, the elements of compressed modernity influenced to changing of sport in China was manifested itself as reversed causation, die-casting effect, compressive causation, speed effect, quasi causation, ideal-systematical dissonance. Thirdly, the theoretical framework factors for analysis for the compressed modernity of sport in China was re-constructed such as die-casting effect according to reversed causation, speed effect according to compressive causation, ideal-systematical dissonance effect according to quasi causation. Fourthly-1, Compressed modernity in sport in China initially manifested itself specifically as a phenomenon of a state-led official sport. China state intervened and managed this official sport in order to implement an ideology of improving its national by means of enhancement of national prestige, solidification of supremacy over other countries. In western societies of modern sport was established first thus making way for the development of the sport itself. The main aspiration has been to achieve certain state-designated goals based on the weak foundation of national physical education. Fourthly-2, the compressed modernity of the sport in China manifested itself specifically as a achievement-oriented phenomenon. The achievement -oriented sport is a side effect of achievement-oriented mentality that takes winning seriously, and thus aims to achieve quick results with a short period of time. The phenomenon of achievement-oriented sport came into existence, or was offered as an alternative to western sport, primarily because Chinese modern sport was eager to compete with the sports model of western societies. Such eagerness intentionally omitted the sound developmental process. In addition, the achievement-oriented sport with attributes of compressed modernity manifested itself as a concrete phenomenon in the form of winning-oriented and deviated sports. Fourthly-3, the compressed modernity of sport in China manifested itself as an implemental sport. The implemental sports were a series of sports events to signify political ideology; domestic sports events became a means of politics and international sports events a means of diplomacy. Even though a sport-strong nation cannot become an economically or politically strong nation, sport scores in international sports events becomes a criterion of promoted national image. China has obsessed by such a notion almost certainly due to the sport-oriented nationalistic social atmosphere which reached its zenith in the 2000s starting from the 1980s.

책임경영을 위한 학교운영위원회 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

유영환 湖南大學校 産業經營大學院 2005 국내석사

This study, subjected on the investigation of the efficiency of the legal proposal of school administration committee, had its base on documentary records and examination of the previous research, and was analyzed via management condition survey result conducted to the chairman and the other teaching staff on the school committee. Two specific contents to effectively attain the intention of this study were 1. theatrical definition of the concept and fundamentals of the school committee and school-based management, and the role and obligation of the principle, 2. contribution towards the school board and 3. representation and professionalism of the committee members. The successful conclusion from this previous research and status analysis is the following. Firstly, it was recognized that the contribution rate from the committee members increased via the establishment of the school management committee. Specifically for school system, the importance increased especially considering the areas of financial accounts for parents, recommendation for school policy, organization of school curriculum, and operational discussion. Secondly, it is necessary to create a strong motive for the individuals to bring out their active participation, and to enforce cognizance of duties as committee members. Voluntary actions should be induced by broad advertisement of the school committee, the social position should be raised so that self-satisfaction can be used as motivation. Thirdly, it is needed to openly elect a representative rather than indirectly for the purpose of representation, as well as a legal system that collects the public opinion prior to the election. This is because the analysis showed that the negligence towards proper election procedure resulted interference of achieving representation. Fourthly, school management system should need professionalism, and training program and opportunities that will anticipate participation of the board of education need to be extended further. Above all things, it is aspired that aspects relevant to school policies, responsible financial cost for both the school board and parents should examined more closely. If representation and professionalism achieved through active participation from the teaching staff, parents and local residence, and democratic condition that enables freedom of speech formed, the school management committee will be more revitalized.

황용주 선소리산타령 선율분석 : An Analysis on Melody of Hwang Young-ju's seonsori Santaryeong

유영환 진주교육대학교 2018 국내석사

선소리산타령은 앚아서 부르는 좌창대비 개념으로 서서 부른다는 의미에서 '선소리' 또는 '입창', 산천경개를 노래한다고 해서 '산타령' 등으로 불리다가 1968년 국가무형문화재 제 19호로 지정되면서 '선소리산타령'으로 공식화되었다. 학계의 전문가들이 선소리타령을 경·서도창에서 세련되고 수준 높은 노래로 인정하고 있지만, 연구와 관련해서는 유래와 전승과 관련된 개괄적 연구너, 경기선소리와 서도선소리의 대상을 정해놓고 차이점을 비교분석한 연구, 그리고 교수 학습방법에 관련한 연구가 대부분이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 1992년 예능보유자로 지정되어 현재까지 활발하게 활동하고 있는 연구자의 스승 황용주의 음원을 기준으로 현행 선소리타령을 체계적으로 규명하여 향후 선소리산타령 발전방안을 마련하는 데 기초가 될 수 있는 자료를 제공하려는 목적으로 선소리산타령의 기원과 전승관계를 알아보고, 선소리산타령 전곡(놀량, 앞산타령, 뒷산타령, 자진산타령, 개구리타령)의 악곡구조, 장단, 음계, 음역, 선율의 특징, 종지형 등을 음악적으로 분석한 것이다.

職場勤勞動者들의 스포츠 關心度에 關한 調査 硏究 : 光州直轄市를 中心으로

유영환 全南大學校 1993 국내석사

光州直轄市에 所在하는 100인 이상 從業員이 상시근무하는 企業體의 職場體育施設 現況과 事務職 男子 142名, 事務職 女子 73名, 勤勞職 男子 235名 總 450名의 職場勤勞者들의 스포츠 關心度를 調査, 分析한 결과 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 大部分의 企業體들은 職場體育 施設이 절대 부족한 실정이며 특히 금융 保險業과 大型販賣業이 室外體育 施設과 室內體育 施設이 부족한 것으로 나타나 施設確保가 시급하며 職場의 發展과 勤勞者間의 親睦 및 生産力 向上을 위해서라도 職場經營者는 積極的으로 職場體育 시설 확충에 노력해야하겠다. 2. 職場 勤勞者은 本人의 경기참여에 의해서 스포츠 활동을 선호하고 있으며 健康維持 및 體力增進과 스트레스 解消를 위해 평소 스포츠 活動은 절대 필요한 것으로 하고 있으며, 月 2-3回 정도 公共施設이나 社會體育 施設(스포츠 센타)를 이용하여 스포츠활동에 대한 높은 관심을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 職場 勤勞者들은 健康維持 및 職場에서의 스트레스 解消, 일의 能率을 위해서도 職場에서의 活動은 스포츠 活動은 절대 필요한 것으로 認識하고 있는 반면 職場體育 施設 부족과 體育全擔 指導者 부족으로 직장에서의 스포츠 활동이 低調한 것으로 나타나 經營者는 勤勞者 全體가 參與 할 수 있는 體育活動 프로그램 및 정기체육 대회를 적극 推進하고 育成함으로써 職場에서의 스포츠 活性化에 더욱더 努力해야 겠다. 4. 勤勞者의 職場에서의 스포츠 活動은 점심 時間後 스포츠 活動을 하고 있으며, 運動時間은 1時間 미만으로 月 2-3回 職場에서 스포츠 活動을 하는 것으로 나타나 職場 勤勞者들을 위한 地域社會 그리고 國家的 次元에서 政策的인 配慮와 보다 强力한 職場 體育 振興策이 마련되어야 하겠다. Obtained the following conclusion from research and analysis about present facilities situation of job gymnastics of enterprise corporation which works more than 100 people existing in Kwangju City and sports interest of the general 450 job workers as 142 office men, 73 office women, and 235 man workers interest in job gymnastics of job workers, present facilities situation of job gymnastics. 1. Most of enterprises are faced situation of shortage about job gymnastics facilities, appear that investment about job gymnastics facilities and operation of an excutive was unsatisfied. So the company need a urgent security of job gymnastics facilities and the excutive of job will try to expand job gymnastics facilities actively even for the development the company and friendship between workers and improvement of production. 2. It appears that by participation of sports game of job workers themselves they lice sports activities and absolutely need them in order to improve of physical strength, maintain health, and unwind stress. And it appears that they made use of publi facilities or social gymnastics facilities 2 or 3 times a month and have spirts actives. So to speak, it is thought that job workers show high interest in sports but sports activities are low at company " with shortage of job gymnastics facilities and general leader about gymnastics. 3. While most of job workers recongnize that sports activities absolutely need at company to maintain health, unwind stress, and improve work, it appears that sports activities at company is low for shortage of job gymnastics facilities and general leader of gymnastics. That is to say, the executive will try to activate sports activities at company with program about gymnastics activities and regular gymnastics meeting promoting and fostering positively. 4. As it appears that job workers usually have sports have sports activities actively after lunch time less than a hour keeping 2 or 3 times degree a month, so the executive will try to expand facilities and interest in job gymnastics and political consideration and powerful measures for the advancement will be prepared on local and national level for job workers.

고반응성 경소백운석을 활용한 마그네슘/칼슘 화합물의 상온 분리 및 제조 연구

유영환 광운대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

본 연구는 국내 강원 지역의 백운석(Dolomite)을 진공마이크로웨이브로를 이용하 여 소성하고 경소백운석을 제조하였다. 또한 고소성 경소백운석에 MgCl2․6H2O를 첨가하여 상온(25 ℃)분리 과정을 통해 Mg(OH)2 제조하고 고액 분리한 CaCl2 수용 액에 NaOH, Na2CO3를 투입하여 Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 제조하였다. 백운석을 전기로, 마이크로웨이브로, 진공마이크로웨이브로를 이용하여 소성 조건 (850 ℃, 950 ℃, 30분, 1시간)에 따라 경소백운석(CaO․MgO)을 제조하고, 분석을 실시하였다. 소성 결과, 같은 조건에서 전기로 및 마이크로웨이브로에 비해 진공마 이크로웨이브에서는 높은 소성율을 나타냈다. 진공마이크로웨이브로 850 ℃, 1시간 조건의 소성 결과 98.7 %의 소성율을 나타냈고, BET 22.04 m2/g과 pore size 20.89 nm, pore volume 0.11 cm3/g의 높은 비표면적 값을 보였다. ASTM C 110(Hydration test)을 기준으로, 수화활성도를 측정하여 반응성을 확인하였다. 수화 활성도 측정 결과에서는 소성 특성 결과와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 진공마이크로웨 이브로에서 제조한 경소백운석은 84.4 ℃ ~ 98.8 ℃, 반응 시간 6.5분 ~ 8.5분으로 고 반응성으로 확인되었고, 850 ℃, 1시간의 소성 조건에서 빠른 반응성을 나타냈다. 이 때, 최고 온도는 94.0 ℃, 반응 시간은 6.5분으로 고반응성의 경소백운석으로 확인되 었다. 수화 반응물에 대한 XRD 결과 Ca(OH)2는 49.5 wt%, Mg(OH)2 43.4 wt%로 분석되었다. 비교 실험을 위해 진공마이크로웨이브로와 전기로를 이용하여 경소백운석을 제조 하고 분석을 실시하였다. 각각의 로에서 소성율 95 % 이상의 경소백운석을 제조하 기 위한 최적 소성 조건은 진공마이크로웨이브는 850 ℃, 1시간에서 소성율 98.7 %, 전기로는 950 ℃, 4시간에서 소성율 97.5 %로 확인되었다. 경소백운석과 염(MgCl 2․6H2O)을 혼합하고, 상온(25 ℃) 분리 반응을 진행하였다. 반응 조건은 CaO․ MgO : MgCl2․6H2O = 1 : 2 wt%로 비율로 혼합하고, 상온(25 ℃)에서 교반시간 1 시간으로 하였다. Filter press로 Mg(OH)2와 CaCl2 용액을 분리하였다. 상온 분리 반응으로 제조된 Mg(OH)2 XRD 분석 결과, 98.8 wt%, 97.8 wt%로 확인되었다. 분 리된 CaCl2 용액은 NaOH 0.8 mol을 투입하여 Ca(OH)2를 제조하였다. Filter press 로 Ca(OH)2를 분리하고, XRD 분석을 하였다. 그 결과, Ca(OH)2 98.7 wt%, 97.7 wt%로 확인되었다. CaCl2 용액에 1.0 mol의 Na2CO3를 투입하여 CaCO3를 제조하였 고, 100.0 wt%로 확인되었다. SEM 이미지 결과, 5 ㎛ 내외의 polymorph 형태를 띄 고 있었으며, 구형의 형상으로 확인되었다. 실험 결과, 고순도의 Mg(OH)2 제조와 Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 제조가 가능하였고, 진공마이크로웨이브로의 경우 850 ℃, 1시간에 서 경소백운석을 제조함으로써 전기로에 비해 1/4 이상의 소성 시간 단축 효과를 나타내었다. 또한, 소성율 95 % 이상의 고소성 경소백운석을 이용하면, Mg(OH)2 시작 수온이 80 ℃가 아닌 상온(25 ℃)에서 분리가 가능하였다. 고형분 변화에 따른 Mg(OH)2와 Ca(OH)2 생성 수율을 확인하고 분석을 하였다. 실험에 사용한 재료는 진공마이크로웨이브로의 850 ℃, 1시간에서 제조된 소성율 98.7 %, BET 22.04 m2/g의 고소성의 경소백운석을 사용하였다. 고형분(10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%) 변화에 따른 Mg(OH)2 수율 변화를 확인하기 위해 MgCl2․6H2O 첨 가하고, 1 : 2 wt%의 비율로 상온(25 ℃)에서 분리 반응을 하였다. 반응 후 filter press를 이용하여 Mg(OH)2,와 CaCl2 용액으로 분리하였고, 분리된 CaCl2 용액에 0.8 mol의 NaOH를 투입하여 Ca(OH)2를 제조하였다. 고형분 변화에 따른 XRD 분 석결과, Mg(OH)2는 평균 98.8wt%, Ca(OH)2는 평균 97.7w%로 확인되었고, 생성 수 율의 증가를 확인하였다. 실험을 종합해 본 결과, 기존 방식과는 달리 진공마이크로웨이브 소성 방식을 적 용하면 850 ℃, 1시간의 조건으로 고소성 경소백운석을 제조할 수 있으며, 이로써 시간 단축 및 에너지 효율 증대를 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 또한, 기존 연구의 분리 실험은 수온 80 ℃에서 진행함으로 가열 공정이 필요하였으나, 본 연구에서는 상온 (25 ℃)에서 분리가 가능해짐으로써 제조 공정 단계를 줄일 수 있고, 고순도의 Mg(OH)2와 Ca(OH)2, CaCO3로 제조가 가능해짐으로써 고부가가치 소재로 사용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. In this study, calcinated dolomite was produced by calcination of dolomite in northern Chungbuk province in Korea, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 production experiments were conducted through a separation process at room temperature(25 ℃) by the addition of MgCl2․6H2O. In order to sinter high-reactivity calcinated dolomite(CaO․MgO) from dolomite, (a) an electric furnace, (b) a microwave furnace, and (c) a vacuum microwave furnace were used. Calcinated dolomite was prepared according to the calcination conditions. Based on ASTM C 110 (Hydration test), hydration reactivity was performed under each calcination condition (temperature : 850 ℃, 950 ℃. time : 30 min, 1 hour) to confirm the activity characteristics. As a result, it was confirmed that the calcination rate in the microwave vacuum furnace was higher than in the electric furnace and microwave furnace. The calcination rate was confirmed to be 98.7 % at 850 ℃, 1 hour by microwave vacuum furnace, it showed a high specific surface area of 22.04 m2/g by BET and pore size 20.89 nm, and pore volume 0.11 cm3/g. The Hydration activity measurement results also showed a similar tendency to calcination characteristics results. Calcined dolomite prepared in a microwave vacuum furnace showed high reactivity at 84.4 ℃ to 98.8 ℃ and reaching time of 6.5 to 8.5 minutes, and rapid reactivity was confirmed under the firing conditions of 850 ℃, 1 hour. At this time, it was confirmed that the maximum temperature was 94.0 ℃ and the reaching time was 6.5 minutes. As a result of XRD of the hydration reaction product, it was confirmed that Ca(OH)2 is 49.5 wt% and Mg(OH)2 is 43.4 wt% and were analyzed as high-reactivity calcinated dolomite. In order to prepare high-reactivity calcinated dolomite, a microwave vacuum furnace(850 ℃./1 hour) and an electric furnace(950 ℃./4 hour) were used. MgCl 2․6H2O was added to the calcinated dolomite prepared in each furnace to perform a separation reaction at room temperature(25 ℃). The reaction conditions were CaO․MgO : MgCl2․6H2O = 1 : 2 wt%, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature(25 ℃) for 1 hour. Through the room temperature separation reaction of calcinated dolomite prepared in each furnace, Mg(OH)2 was analyzed as 98.8 wt% and 97.8 wt%. The separated calcium ions were terminated at 0.8 mol of NaOH, pH 12 with CaCl2 solution, and Ca(OH)2 was synthesized. Results of XRD, Ca(OH)2 was found to be 98.7 wt% and 97.7 wt%. In order to separate reaction at room temperature of dolomite with MgCl 2․6H2O addition, high-reactivity calcinated dolomite must be prepared. In the case of a microwave vacuum furnace, light calcined dolomite could be prepared by low temperature calcining at 850 ℃, which is the theoretical thermal decomposition temperature of dolomite. In addition, compared to the electric furnace, it was shortened by 1/4 hour and fired, and room temperature separation reaction was possible. It was used in the experiment of changing the yield of Mg(OH)2 according to the change of solid content. High-reactivity calcinated dolomite of 98.7 % and 22.04 m2/g of BET prepared at 850 ℃, 1hr in a microwavevacuum furnace was used as a raw material. In order to confirm the change in the yield of Mg(OH)2 according to the change in solid content(10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%), the reaction at room temperature was carried out at a ratio of 1 : 2 wt% with the addition of MgCl2․6H2O. After the reaction, it was separated by a filter press, and the solid was Mg(OH)2 and the separated liquid was a CaCl2 solution. Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 were synthesized by adding 0.8 mol of NaOH and 1.0 mol of Na2CO3 to the separated CaCl2 solution. As a result of XRD analysis, it was confirmed that Mg(OH)2 is 98.7 wt% and Ca(OH)2 is 97.7 wt%. As a result of preparation according to the change in solid content that Mg(OH)2 was an averaged 98.8 wt% and Ca(OH)2 was an averaged 97.7 w% and the maunfacturing tield increased. As a result of synthesis CaCO3 by adding Na2CO3 to the CaCl2 solution, CaCO3 was analyzed to be 100.0 wt%. As a result of the SEM image, a polymorph shaped spherical shape with a size of about 5 μm was confirmed. Experiment results, it was possible to produce highly calcined light dolomite at 850° C. for 1 hour by vacuum microwave method. Compared to electric furnace and microwave furnace, it was able to reduce time and increased energy efficiency. In addition, separation experiment of the previous study was required heating process that was conducted at a water temperature at 80°C. But in this experiment, separation was possible at room temperature (25° C) so that the manufacturing process step could be reduced. It is possible to manufacture and synthesize high purity Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3 through calcination and separation of dolomite. Therefore, it is believed that it can be used as a high value-added material.

자연형하천복원 발전방향에 관한 연구 : 성남시 탄천을 대상으로

유영환 가천대학교 2021 국내석사

1980년대에 고도의 경제성장과 국민의식 수준의 변화와 고도산업화 과정에서 급속한 경제성장으로 서울시의 높은 주택가격과 수도권지역의 집중적인 인구유입에 따른 주택가격의 상승을 해결하기 위하여 정부는 탄천이 흐르는 경기도 성남시 분당구 일대 556만평을 주택건설부지에 포함되었다. 탄천은 개발의 편리성과 경제논리로 토지의 효율성을 극대화하기 위해 구거와 소하천은 매립으로 폐지되고, 도로와 녹지 공간 등으로 활용하였고, 탄천도 치수와 이수측면만 고려되어 직강화하천으로 변하였으며, 시민들의 이용에 편리한 체육시설을 설치하는 등 환경과 생태측면은 고려되지 않은 하천정비를 실시하여 탄천 주변의 쾌적성과 주변 환경에 대한 경관 개선을 위한 사업은 없었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 탄천을 공간적 범위로 설정하고 수도권의 도심하천의 분석을 통하여, 정비의 문제점과 친수하천으로의 변화와 도시주거생활과의 연관관계를 분석하여 친환경적 개선방향과 함께 시사점을 제시하였다. 먼저, 도시민의 여가와 휴식공간을 위하여 여울로 정비하고 수질을 개선하여 도시민들에게 아름다운 자연을 제공할 수 있도록 도시공원으로 지정을 추진해야 한다. 또한 양질의 피톤치드가 발생되는 수종의 나무를 식재하여 바람길을 조성하고, 생태습지를 조성하여 생태가 살아있는 자연형태의 정비와 함께 주변 지역명소와 연계한 개발로 지역균형발전을 유도해야 한다. 도심하천이 자연으로 돌아오는 것은 시민의 발걸음이 감소하고 자연으로의 상태가 지속될 때 가능하다. 탄천을 자연생태지역으로 지정하고 자연성을 증대하여 지속적으로 관리하고 체계적으로 운영하면 푸르고 아름다운 명소로 지역사회 발전에 크게 이바지할 것이다.

공항의 항공수익에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : 인천공항공사를 중심으로

유영환 한국항공대학교 대학원 2013 국내석사

In fact, Incheon International Airport has been ranking one of the top among 1,700 airports all over the world. Moreover, it has provided vital role models in terms of service part as standing first in ‘Service Evaluation of International Airport’ from 2005 to 2011. Furthermore, this global hub claimed the 2nd position of international air cargo and the top 10 of international passengers. Surprisingly, there were plenty of achievements not only an increase in quantity but also an improvement in quality. In detail, Incheon airport achieved annual revenue more than 10 billion dollars, 15 billion dollars of total sale and 60 million dollars of net revenue in 2010 even though European global economical crisis which could be effected to decrease flight demand. This amount of result was mainly from non-aviation revenue instead of aviation revenue. There was a sudden 3 million dollars drop of aviation revenue in 2009 as 44.51 million dollars compare to 2008 of 41.51 million dollars aviation revenue. However, non-aviation revenue surprisingly increased 14.4 million dollars in the same period. Also, the percentage of aviation revenue did not reach to 50% of total sale while the percentage of non-aviation revenue was over 50% and 65% in 2009. Unfortunately, this unbalance of revenue can have negative effects for net aviation revenue when Incheon international airport has competitions with other airlines of Japan and China. The purpose of this study is investigation how aviation revenue be different depends on the number of flight operations, passengers and cargo. The research scope is the number of flight operations, passengers, cargo as basic data including net revenue, aviation revenue and non-aviation revenue between 2005 and 2010. This thesis operates correlation, simple regression, multiple regression analysis for empirical analysis through SPSS 18.0. To sum up, the number of flight operation, passengers, cargo has high correlation and similar trends with aviation revenue rather than non-aviation revenue. In simple regression, aviation revenue is similar to flight operation as p<0.05 and has effects to positive(+) when aviation revenue and non-aviation revenue are considered as the dependant variable. The number of passengers and cargo is similar to flight operation as p<0.01 and has effects to the positive(+). In other words, the hypothesis “the more the number of flight operation, passengers and cargo, the more aviation revenues” is accepted. There is no relation between non-aviation revenue and the number of flight operation, passengers, cargo. Thus, the other hypothesis “the more the number of flight operation, passengers and cargo, the more non-aviation revenues” is dismissed. Then, 3 factors as independent variable has 99.9% of interpretation with aviation revenue and statistically significant through multiple regression analysis. According to the study, the number of flight operation and cargo has positive effect(+), but passengers has negative effect(-) to aviation revenue. The number of passengers is not significant with non-aviation revenue due to p>0.1 even if it has 91.9% explanation. The number of flight operation, passengers, cargo has positive influence to aviation revenue of total net revenue from Incheon international airport. Contrastingly, there is no positive impact to non-aviation revenue at the same period. Thus, imbalanced revenue between aviation revenue and non-aviation revenue is becoming a serious issue as the gap wider. To conclusion, they have to create new routes and to make an effort to increase the number of flight operation and demand for air travel to improve of aviation revenue. Last but not least, there are a few needs of in-depth research for restrict plans of non-aviation revenue and the way of balanced revenue making to solve the imbalanced revenue. 인천공항은 세계 1,700여개 공항들 중에서 가장 높은 우위에 있고, 2005년부터 2011년까지 세계공항서비스평가 1위를 달성하여 공항들의 역할 모델로서 서비스 제공의 모델을 제시하였고, 2010년 기준으로 국제화물처리 2위, 국제여객처리 10위를 달성하였다. 앞에서 언급한 외적인 면과 더불어 내적인 면에서도 2008년 연매출 1조원을 돌파한 이후 2011년 항공수요를 위협하는 유럽발 금융위기 등 악재에도 불구하고 1조 5천억 원이라는 매출과 6천억 원의 영업이익을 달성하였다. 이러한 인천공항의 매출액 규모는 비항공수익의 증가가 주로 반영된 것이다. 인천공항의 2008년과 2009년 항공수익을 비교하였을 때 4,451억 원에서 4,151억 원으로 300억 원이 감소하였는데, 비항공수익은 같은 해에 1,440억 원이 증가하였다. 비중 또한 항공수익은 50%를 넘지 못하지만 비항공수익은 50%를 넘어 2009년에는 65%까지 높아졌다. 인천공항의 매출액에서 항공수익과 비항공수익의 불균형이 지속되면서 성장이 이루어진다면 중국 및 일본 등과 같은 경쟁공항들 간의 순수공항수익부분의 경쟁에 악영향을 미칠 수도 있다. 본 연구에서는 항공수익에 반영되는 요소들을 포괄하는 항공기 운항횟수와 여객수, 화물량을 요인으로 선정하여 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였으며, 비항공수익에 각 요인들이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 비교 분석하고자 한다. 연구의 범위는 2005년부터 2010년까지의 인천공항 항공기 운항횟수, 여객수, 화물량을 기초자료로 활용하였으며, 매출과 항공수익, 비항공수익도 동일한 기간을 적용하였다. 실증분석을 위해 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 상관관계분석, 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 항공수익과 비항공수익에 변수들이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 상관관계분석을 한 결과 운항횟수, 여객수, 화물량은 항공수익과 높은 양(+)의 상관관계를 가지고 있으며 유의한 값을 나타냈다. 그러나 비항공수익과 세가지 변수들 간의 상관관계에서는 유의하지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 항공수익과 비항공수익을 각각 종속변수로하여 요인들과 단순회귀분석을 한 결과 항공수익과 운항횟수는 p<0.05로 유의하고 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 여객수와 화물량은 p<0.01로 유의하고 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 즉, 항공기 운항횟수와 여객수, 화물량이 증가할수록 항공수익에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것이라는 가설은 모두 채택되었다. 비항공수익과 운항횟수, 여객수, 화물량은 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 항공기 운항횟수와 여객수, 화물량이 증가할수록 비항공수익에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설은 기각되었다. 세 가지 요인을 모두 독립변수를 적용하여 항공수익과 비항공수익에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 다중회귀분석을 통하여 분석한 결과, 항공수익과 99.9%의 설명력을 보였으며 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 운항횟수와 화물량은 항공수익에 양(+)의 영향을 미치고, 여객수는 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 비항공수익과 91.1%의 설명력을 보였으나 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 항공기 운항횟수와 여객수, 화물량은 인천공항의 매출액 중에서 항공수익에 더 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 비항공수익에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 현재 인천공항의 항공수익과 비항공수익의 차이가 커짐에 따라, 수익간의 비율 불균형이 심각하게 대두되고 있다. 이를 해소하고 항공수익의 증대를 위해서는 항공사와 신규노선을 유치하여 운항횟수, 여객수요 등을 창출할 필요가 있을 것이다. 또한 매출 불균형을 해소하기 위하여 비항공수익의 적절한 규제 방안과 균형적인 수익창출을 위한 구체적인 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.