地方化 時代에 對備한 우리나라 地域 航空 運送 産業 政策에 관한 硏究

黃在弘 韓國航空大學校 1995 국내석사

2차원 하천 흐름해석을 위한 난류모형의 개발

황재홍 경북대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

Frequently occurring flood and drought have increased the necessity of an effective water resources control and management of river flows. Therefore, the simulation of the flow distribution in natural rivers is great importance to the solution of a wide variety of practical flow problems in water resources engineering. Usually in many flow problems, two-dimensional approach can provide good estimates of complex flow features in the flow around islands and obstructions, flow at confluence and flow in braided channel. The challenging problem facing two-dimensional hydraulic model is the treatment of turbulence flow around irregular boundary. This situation is encountered in most practical river and coastal engineering problems, such as flood propagation, dam break analysis, tidal processes and so on. The objective of this study is to develop an accurate and robust two-dimensional finite element method for turbulence simulation in open channels. The developed model is based on Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin finite element method and Boussinesq's eddy viscosity theory. The method developed in the study is depth-averaged mixing length model which assumes anisotropic and local equilibrium state of turbulence. Several numerical simulations were carried out, which examined the performance of the turbulence model for the purpose of sensitivity analysis. Artificial channels that appear horizontal flow and vertical flow were carried out. Validation and verification were performed by comparing with analytical solution and observation data. The simulation on the Han river were performed for tests. The results were compared with the observation data. The suggested model displayed reasonable flow distribution compare to the observation data in natural river flow. As a result of this study, the developed two-dimensional finite element model provides a reliable results for flow distribution of turbulence simulation in open channels, and determine the limits of eddy viscosity for a variety of open channel flow. It could be further developed to basis for extending to water quality and sediment transport analysis.

케인즈 화폐이론의 발전과정 : 저축투자와 화폐수요공급의 관계를 중심으로

황재홍 연세대학교 대학원 2001 국내박사

본 논문은 케인즈 화폐이론의 전개과정을 추적하여 그 발전방향과 의미를 정확히 하고 이를 통해 다양한 케인즈 해석에 존재하는 견해 차이의 원천을 규명해 보는 것이다. 본 논문에서 주목한 것은 저축/투자와 화폐수요/공급 사이의 관계이다.『일반이론』이전의 논의들은 저축투자의 불일치를 통해 거시변수들의 움직임을 동학적으로 설명하려는 시도였으며 이 저축투자의 불일치는 화폐적 교란과 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 그러나『일반이론』의 체계에서는 저축과 투자는 소득을 결정하고 화폐수요와 공급이 이자율을 결정하는데 이 두 요인은 간접적으로 서로 영향을 주고받지만 독립적인 시장을 형성한다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 변화는 플로우 분석에 스톡 분석이 추가된 것이며 동학적 분석에서 정학적 분석으로 옮겨간 것이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 변화는『화폐론』에서 이미 시작된 것으로 소비재 가격은 과잉저축에 의해, 투자재 가격은 과잉약세에 의해 독립적으로 결정된다는 케인즈의 주장에서 이를 확인할 수 있다. 따라서『화폐론』과『일반이론』에 나타나는 화폐이론은 연속적인 것으로 파악할 수 있다. 그러나『일반이론』의 출간 이후 대부자금론자들과의 논쟁을 통해 케인즈는 종전의 입장에서 한 발 물러나게 된다. 이는 투자의 증가가 소득을 증가시켜 거래적 화폐수요를 늘림으로써 이자율을 상승시키는 고리 이외에 사전적인 투자계획의 증가 자체가 화폐수요를 증가시켜 이자율을 상승시킬 수 있다는 것을 인정한 점이다. 케인즈는 이를 "금융적 동기"라고 칭했고 이것이 자신의 이자율이론을 손상시키는 것이 아님을 강조하였다. 이 "금융"은 후기케인즈학파의 케인즈 해석에 있어 입장의 차이를 드러내는 중요한 개념으로 각기 상반되는 주장의 근거로 사용되었다. 저축의 부족에 의해 승수과정의 진행이 제약을 받을 수 있다는 비판에 직면하여 "금융"은 회전자금으로써 저축과 무관하게 투자의 진행을 가능하게 만들어주는 요소로 등장하며, 화폐와 실물의 이분법적 사고를 비판하는 상황에서는 "금융"이 화폐와 실물의 연결고리로 등장한다. 하지만 승수효과는 오히려 줄어든다. 또한 케인즈가 "금융"이라는 개념을 등장시킨 이유는 유동성선호이론의 방어를 위한 것이었으나 유동성선호이론과 상반되는 화폐공급의 내생성을 주장하는 이들이 "금융"에 주목하고 있다. 이러한 혼란은 저축과 독립적으로 투자가 진행될 수 있다는 케인즈의 지나치게 단순화된 주장과 이 주장을 방어하기 위한 후기케인즈학파의 일관성 결여된 논의에 기인하는 것이다. 후기케인즈학파의 주장은『일반이론』의 논의를 보완하는 것이라기보다는 플로우 분석이 강조되는『일반이론』이전 논의로의 복귀라는 의미를 갖는다. The purpose of this paper is to clarify a meaning of Keynes's theory of money and to provide a plausible reason why so many different interpretations of Keynes's theory of money have proliferated. An attempt is made to track down a trajectory of Keynes's theory of money as closely as possible. This study evolves around the relation between saving-investment and money demand-supply. In the pre-General Theory era, not a few theorists did endeavor to explain the movement of macroeconomic variables in terms of the saving-investment inequality, which was conceived to result from the monetary shock. In his masterpiece, General Theory, Keynes presented a rather different picture than those drawn by his predecessors. Saving and investment were conceptualized as a determinant of income, and money demand-supply as that of the interest rate, These two crucial factors were considered to form, respectively, independent markets though Keynes did not forget to insert a proviso in his General Theory that they could exert influences upon each other rather indirectly. The last point worth mentioning is that Keynes turned his attention from dynamic analysis to static analysis, distinguishing stock analysis from flow analysis. It can be argued, in some respect, that Keynes's innovations in General Theory were not entirely new. Keynes asserted, in his Treaties, that the price level of consumption goods was solely determined by the excess saving over cost of investment, and that the price level of investment goods by the excess bearishness. As a corollary, an argument can be made for the continuity of Keynes's theory of money in the intervening years between Treaties and General Theory. It was in the post-General Theory era that Keynes made some changes to his theory of money. Triggered by the controversy with the so-called Loanable Fund theorists, Keynes allowed for the effect of an increase in planned investment upon the demand for money and, therefore, upon the rate of interest. This process Keynes dubbed 'finance.' It should be noted that Keynes thought that his discussion of 'finance' did no harm to his theory of interest rate. Post Keynesians deal with the so-called 'finance' in many different ways. It seems quite clear that they deploy the same notion of 'finance' in mutually incompatible cases. Responding to the critique that multiplier process is deterred by the deficiency of saving, they retort that 'finance' is revolving fund, which has nothing to do with saving. According to this explication, the main function of 'finance' is nothing other than making investment possible. On the other hand, some post Keynesians delineate 'finance' as a link between real and monetary sectors. Emphasizing the interdependence between real and monetary sectors, they argue that demand for money is not independent of the events in the real sector. Their argument, however, entails that the multiplier effect is decreasing. In addition, the so-called endogenous money theorists, who are opposed to the liquidity preference theory, put a stress on 'finance' in order to make an argument that Keynes was an endogenous money theorist. At this juncture, it is worthwhile to point out that Keynes made use of 'finance' to defend his liquidity preference theory. The confusion noted above resulted in Keynes's oversimplified assertion that investment has nothing to do with saving, as well as some inconsistent arguments by Post Keynesians. Post Keynesian argument is not so much a defense of Keynes's own views as a retrogression to the argument prevalent in the pre-General Theory era.

3차원 CFD 모형을 활용한 수공구조물 하류 흐름특성 분석

황재홍 경북대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

One of the most effective structural measures for river management in consideration of climate change is the installation and the operation of hydraulic structures, which inevitably accompanies water level difference between upstream and downstream due to the hydraulic structure storing and discharging water when necessary. As the potential energy of the fluid is converted into the kinetic energy when discharged, resulting in a hydraulic jump phenomenon and a strong flow with high flow velocity. These characteristics can cause the scouring of the river bed and sloping downstream. If scouring in the downstream continues, it may affect the safety of the hydraulic structures. Therefore, the design for hydraulic flow stability must be considered and secured. The energy dissipator(apron & bottom protection) is a stabilizing facility for the downstream of the hydraulic structures. Typically, fixed weirs and overflow-type movable weirs show common types of flow characteristics. On the other hand, the flow characteristics of movable weirs with lift-type or rising sector gates vary depending on the upstream & downstream water levels and gate operation. For example, the stronger flow increases the burden on energy dissipator than the usual weirs. For 16 weirs in Korean national rivers, where the first large-sized gates were installed in 2011, downstream energy dissipators were designed and installed under the assumption of usual flow. However most of them were damaged by the very strong flow in 2011. To verify the causes of the damages, a research had been conducted to improve river management measures for downstream energy dissipators and then the national river management standards were revised in 2018 considering the research results. In this thesis, in order to assess the effectiveness of the revised standards, the optimal design technique of hydraulic structures is derived through a three-dimensional flow analysis model, and the stability & design adequacy of gates are reviewed as shown below. First, through the inspection and analysis of the design & reinforcement works of 16 weirs in Korean national rivers, it is estimated that more than 60% of the damages in the energy dissipators was originated by the inadequate design techniques for reviewing the flow characteristics & calculating the rock size. A FLOW-3D model by Flow Science Inc. was developed to perform the numerical analysis and to review the damaged energy dissipaters for Changnyeong-Haman weir as the area of interest. For the verification of this model, a field gate operation test has been conducted to measure the surface flow velocity by opening the gate of the Changnyeong-Haman weir. The 3D flow analysis is performed with the same boundary conditions & gate operation as used in the field test. The analysis shows 82 to 87% accuracy with a small difference of 9 to 15㎥/s compared to the measured values. And the flow velocity has 92% accuracy with a difference of 0.01 to 0.16 m/s to actual data. Through the comparison of the field experiment results and the simulation, the established analytical model can be regarded suitable. Second, both various boundary and operating conditions are applied to the flow characteristics analysis of downstream hydraulic structures. In order to figure out the optimal design of hydraulic structures, the simulation is carried out under 100-year frequency flood & the largest water level difference conditions with the full opening of 3 gates or full opening of 1 gate in the middle. Furthermore, Changnyeong-Haman weir's gate operation history has been reviewed for the period between 2013 and 2018, and flow characteristics are evaluated in two cases with both 50% open gate and the largest water level difference. This assessment shows that actual operating test circumstances are more suitable than those of the analytical model because the flow and Froude number (Fr) of the actual circumstances are low. The bottom flow changes depending on the opening degree of water gates and the average flow velocity is affected more easily by the upstream and downstream water level differences than the other factors due to the gravity waves. The appropriateness of the installed energy dissipator is evaluated by applying the derived flow characteristics based on the national and international design standards. The outcome of an appropriate extension of the apron is 15~25m, bottom protection bed is 30~199m and the size of the rock is 0.27ton or above. Therefore, existing hydraulic structures meet the requirements of the standards with 32m apron, 155m bottom protection and 0.3ton of the rock size, respectively. From this study, the design procedures and major considerations for optimal design are derived based on the survey data, downstream flow characteristics and adequacy verification techniques of hydraulic structures. For optimal design, the flow analysis is performed to present the length, size & type of energy dissipators for armoring against the river scouring. Also, it is proposed that the accuracy of the hydraulic calculation for design and construction needs to be enhanced and improved through the three-dimensional numerical analysis model as well as field tests. This study could also be a guideline for the design of downstream energy dissipator and reinforcement work. Furthermore, if the flow analysis model coupled with sediment transport and pollutant dispersion is constructed, it might be very useful in predicting the deformation of river bed and responding to water quality & algae outbreak.

스마트그리드 기반 국내 비즈니스 모델 분석과 스마트시티 구축 방향 연구

황재홍 고려대학교 그린스쿨대학원 2019 국내석사

지구온난화에 따른 기후변화와 일본의 후쿠시마 원자력발전소 사고로 인해 높아진 원자력발전에 대한 불안감으로 스마트그리드를 비롯한 에너지신산업에 대한 관심과 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 전 세계 195개 국가는 2015년 파리에서 기후변화협정을 체결하는 등 화석연료 발전과 원자력 발전을 사용하던 기존의 에너지패러다임에서 신재생에너지로 변화하고자 노력하고 있다. 우리나라는 1980년대부터 신재생에너지의 개발과 보급을 해왔으나 특정 에너지원에 편중되었고 보급량이 OECD국가 중 최하위이다. 본 논문에서는 신재생에너지의 효율을 높일 수 있는 스마트그리드의 필요성을 4차 산업혁명과 연관 지어 기술하였고, 한국전력공사가 2014년 구축한 스마트그리드스테이션의 운영성과와 경제성을 분석하였다. 이어서 2016년 한전 인재개발원에 준공한 타운 규모의 에너지솔루션인 스마트타운의 비즈니스 모델 분석을 통해 구축 목표와 달리 달성하지 못한 사항을 보완하기 위한 통합운영시스템의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 이러한 기술력을 바탕으로 해외 스마트시티 정책과 사례를 국내와 비교하여 국내 스마트시티 구축을 위한 방향을 제시하였다.

지질도를 위한 시공간 온톨로지 모델

황재홍 충북대학교 2008 국내박사

Most of the Geological Information System retrieves the information through spatiotemporal query using the spatiotemporal model, but it is not sufficient to the users. It is not the problem of the databases but the problem of the information itself without being structured systematically. In other words, we need the precise structurization of the data systematically. A solution of these problems is a research about the modeling technique of using the ontology to be extended to spatiotemporal area. In this dissertation, we introduce the ontology concept to the spatiotemporal modeling technique of our research area, and then we propose the geological map spatiotemporal ontology model to improve the efficiency of the geological information system and the accuracy of the information retrieval. The contents of this dissertation are as follows: First, we introduce spatiotemporal modeling technique of the geological map of our research area and the concept of the ontology, and then we propose the conceptual model of the spatiotemporal ontology of the geological map to improve the efficiency of the geological map information system and the accuracy of the information retrieval. The core of developing this model is the process of the conceptualization. Second, we build the whole system framework of the spatiotemporal ontology model. we define the spatiotemporal ontology model integrated the spatiotemporal model and the ontology concept and suggest the spatiotemporal ontology model. Third, we implemented the retrieval system of the geological terms which is the typical concept of the ontology, using the geological spatiotemporal ontology model. Also, we applied the geological map spatiotemporal ontology model to GIS and then we implemented the geological map spatiotemporal information retrieval system. Fourth, we suggest the performance and the validity of our geologic map spatiotemporal information retrieval system based on the geologic spatiotemporal retrieval system. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, we performed the experiments and the analyses about the various kinds of items. Also, we analyzed the performances of the existing geological information system. And then we compared and evaluated with those of our proposed geological map spatiotemporal ontology model. Finally, we suggested the spatial analysis examples such as the practical example research in Geochemical and the geology-centered analyses, and then we verified the reusability of the geological map spatiotemporal ontology model. The world is continuing the research about how to classify the geological data. The classification of the specific area is building the upper/lower conceptual hierarchy through establishing the terms. It is very important because it is the core of the spatiotemporal ontology model. The core of the ontology model determines the level of the databases in managing and expressing the data in the spatiotemporal databases. The geological spatiotemporal ontology model developed in this dissertation is needed to establish the precise specification for the ontology concept according to the development technique. Therefore, future works will need a research to write richer and more precise specification and to establish the geological map conceptual terms using the proposed ontology model. The ontology technique which includes establishing the terms, the classification, the expression, the data model, the performance of the query and so on will be extended into the human and social area. As the ontology means the existence or the thoughts, it can share the conceptual area which human beings share with through computers.

공간 구조와 보행량 측정을 통한 대형 복합시설물 상가 임대료 특성에 관한 연구 : 삼성동 C.O.E.X Mall을 중심으로

황재홍 한양대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

최근 들어 소규모 상가들은 점차 사라지고 주변지역의 유동인구를 흡입하는 대형 쇼핑몰들이 속속들이 생겨나고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 과정에서 대형 쇼핑몰들은 점차 그 크기를 확대해 가며 내부 상가들의 복합화 양상을 보여 왔다. 이러한 과정에서 대형 상가들의 내부공간은 상업 및 공간구조에 따라서 보행량의 변화를 가져왔으며 내부 공간의 보행량이 증가하며 상업 활동의 활성화를 가져왔다. 보행량이 증가함에 따라 상업 시설의 임대료와 상가의 가치가 증진시킨다. 현재 국내에 자리 잡은 대형 복합 시설물은 상가 내부 각 점포의 대형화, 전문화, 이미지화를 추구하여 중심상권에 자리를 잡으며 상권에 상당한 변화를 일으켰다. 상가중 소규모, 중·저가 상품을 취급하는 영세성을 면치 못하던 일반 상점들의 임대료 인상으로 이어졌으며 고가의 임대료를 감당키 어려운 상인들은 자연 도태적으로 중심상권에서 밀려나는 현상이 발생하고 있다. 변화의 과정에서 과다하고, 원칙과 기준에서 벗어난 임대료 인상으로 많은 선의의 임차인들이 피해를 보는 경우도 다수 발생하고 있으며, 경쟁 입찰로 인한 임대시장의 교란을 초래하여 왜곡을 유발하고 있어 적정 임대료 산정에 대한 연구·분석이 시급히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 공간분석을 실시하여 현재 코엑스몰의 공간 활용 형태와 실제 측정된 보행량 자료를 분석하여 공간분석 데이터와 보행량의 차이를 알아보고 다중회귀분석을 실시하여 각 독립변수가 실제 임대료에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 분석 결과 ‘보행량이 많은 곳은 임대료가 높게 책정 된다’라는 가설을 깨고 코엑스몰 상가 임대료에 가장 영향을 많이 주는 것은 영화관. 수족관. 서점, 은행과 같은 보행자들이 많이 이용하는 주요 거점을 기준으로 임대료가 높게 책정되는 양상을 보여준다. 이와 같은 상황으로 볼 때 코엑스 측과 임차인은 현재 활용되고 있는 길별 기준가격과 주요 거점과의 관계, 보행량을 감안한 임대료를 산정한다면 앞으로 임대료 분쟁에 큰 도움이 될 수 있으리라 판단된다.

인터넷 기반 자연환경/생태계 정보 시스템의 설계 및 구현

황재홍 충북대학교 대학원 2002 국내석사

大學의 行政組織 改善方向에 관한 硏究 : 全州 敎育大學校의 行政組織을 中心으로

黃在洪 全州大學校 2000 국내석사

Based upon the general theories of organization, this study searches for better ways of management of various college organizations. In doing so, extensive as well as intensive literature review was performed. Government documents and publications were also used as useful materials whenever needed. This study identifies some basic problems on the operations of college organizations in South Korea in terms of specialization, planning, standardizing, autonomy, responsibility. More fundamentally, it was found that most members of college organizations all over the country are not fully aware of the genuine goals of the operations of the organizations when they perform the various services of education. In order to improve the ways of operations of college organizations, this study suggests few strategic ideas as follows: administrative positions are to be filled by elections among members as well as appointment, specialization of jobs should be maintained on the individual basis, department size is to be considered along with the sizes of the recruited personnel and material resources available. Responsibility should be put on the individual basis on each and every section, part, or department in a rational manner. Functions of the staffs should not be neglected in the process of organization management. Most of all, each section or department is fully encouraged to exercise its own autonomous power when perform duties. As a conclusion of research, this study emphasizes three points for the improvement of the operation of organizations in colleges. Organizational reform is not an option but a must even in college setting. Renovation-oriented mentality and attitudes are nurtured during the organizational life. Positive actions are to be appropriately rewarded in certain ways. Participative decision making should be guaranteed as mush as possible during the whole management process of organization. Organization members' right to know should be fully extended as long as education gets the first priority during the performance of duties among other jobs in organization. Maintaing the sense of reality is required in performing all kinds of activities of the operation of organization. Not equipped with this wisdom, any reform effort dooms to fail, and the improvement in organizational management can never be realized after all.

쓴 맛과 단 맛이 미각세포내 칼슘 농도에 미치는 영향

황재홍 서울대학교 1998 국내석사