지식재산권 강화가 기술혁신과 경영성과에 미치는 영향의 산업별 비교연구 : 한국의 제약, 반도체, 조선 산업

국문 초록 (Abstract)

다수의 이론적, 실증적 연구에도 불구하고 지식재산권 제도와 기업 기술혁신 및 경영성과 간의 일반적 인과관계는 명확하지 않다. 본 연구는 산업별로 기업 경영성과의 핵심요인이 상이하다는 점에 주목한다. 지식재산권 강화→연구개발의 투입/산출 증가→매출증가로 이어지는 기본 성과창출경로가 작용하는 제약 산업, 지식재산권 강화와 연구개발 투입/산출간 관계가 약한 반도체산업, 연구개발과 매출 간 관계가 약한 조선 산업의 대기업과 중소기업을 대상으로 지식재산권 제도가 기업의 기술혁신과 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 경로를 분석했다. 한국의 특허제도가 선진국 수준에 도달한 TRIPs 이후 15년간의 패널 데이터를 사용했으며, 차분 GMM으로 추정하는 동태적 회귀모형과 고정효과모형을 적용했다. 결과적으로, 지식재산권 강화가 제약 대기업에서 연구개발의 투입/산출 및 경영성과 모두를 증가시켰지만, 반도체-조선 대기업에서는 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 제약과 반도체 중소기업에서는 연구개발의 투입경로를 통해 경영성과를 감소시키며 연구개발의 산출경로 를 통한 영향은 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 지식재산권 강화를 위한 제도 구축과 정책은 산업별로 맞춤화될 필요가 있으며, 일반적인 강화/약화는 특정 산업의 경영성과 제고에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite many theoretical and empirical studies, general causality between IPRs system, firm technological innovation, and financial performance is not clear. This study notices that the core factor to create financial performance is different by each industry. The study analyzed the effect of IPRs system on innovation and economic growth targeting 3 industries; pharmaceutical industry to which the basic track of creating performance is applied (strengthening IPRs → increasing R&D input/output → increasing sales); semiconductor industry where the relationship between stronger IPRs and R&D input/output is weak; and shipbuilding industry which has weak correlation between R&D and sales. It used panel data for 15 years since TRIPs when the patent institution in Korea reached up to the level of advanced countries, and applied the dynamic regression model which estimates the fixed effect model with difference-GMM.
As a result, stronger IPRs increases R&D input/output and financial performance in the large pharmaceutical firms, but has no influence on large semiconductor and shipbuilding firms. In the small and medium-sized pharmaceutical and semiconductor firms, stronger IPRs leads to reduction of financial performance and part of the performance creating route is weak or cut. That is, it is necessary to customize the construction of system and policy for strengthening IPRs by each industry, and unitary strengthening or weakening may have no significant impact on financial performance improvement in specific sectors.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론
• 제2장 선행연구 검토
• 2.1 지식재산권강화와 기술혁신 및 경제성장의 상관관계
• 2.2 지식재산권강화 효과의 생태계
• 제3장 실증분석 방법론
• 3.1 분석모델 및 가설설정
• 3.2 이론모형과 추정방법
• 3.3 분석대상 산업의 선정
• 3.4 분석변수 및 자료
• 3.4.1 한국의 특허보호 강화지수
• 3.4.2 국제특허분류(IPC)와 한국산업분류(KSIC)의 일치
• 3.4.3 기업특성변수 등
• 제4장 실증분석 결과
• 4.1 기초 통계량 분석
• 4.2 연구가설 검증
• 제5장 결론 및 시사점
• 참고자료
• 부록 (한국의 특허권보호지수, 사용자비용)
• ABSTRACT

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