The Optimal Amount and Appropriate State of Physical Activity for the Prevention of Depression: A Cohort Study

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study was to identify the optimal amount and appropriate state of physical activity for preventing the onset of depression. The data of 107,901 participants aged between 18 and 64 years who had undergone comprehensive health examinations at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Health Screening Center, South Korea, in January 2012 and who were followed up yearly until December 2015 were analyzed. Using the Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, total physical activity was computed in metabolic equivalents. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms, with scores of 21 and above defined as the effective point to indicate “caseness.” A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the optimal amount of physical activity for reducing incident depression. Based on whether baseline physical activity and 1-year follow-up of physical activity were lower or higher than the minimal amount of physical activity for preventing the onset of depression, the state of physical activity was classified into four groups: persistent sedentary, maintenance, adoption, and relapse. The relationship between the state of physical activity and risk of depression was identified by Cox proportional hazards models which were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The U- or J-shaped curve showed that 2 to 5 times the minimum recommended amount of physical activity (1,200–3,000 METs-min/wk) was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident depression (1,200–1,800 METs-min/wk: HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.82-0.99], 1,800–3,000 METs-min/wk: HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78-0.95]). After stratifying data by sex, the results showed the amount of physical activity for reducing incident depression was higher for men (1,800–3,000 METs-min/wk: HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.74–0.95]) than women (1,200–1,800 METs-min/wk: HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.71–0.99]). In comparison with the persistent sedentary group, the maintenance group was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident depression in both sexes (men: HR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71–0.93]; women: HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.75-0.94]). In women, adoption group also had a positive effect on reducing incident depression (HR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.76–0.99]). This study identified the optimal amount of physical activity for preventing the onset of depression. Regardless of sex, when an appropriate level of physical activity is maintained, it could result in a positive effect on decreasing incident depression. The adoption status, changing from being sedentary to physically active, was efficacious in reducing incident depression for women.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT 1
• I. Introduction 3
• II. Methods 5
• 1. Participants 5
• 2. Study variables and measurements 6
• 3. Statistical analysis 10
• III. Results 12
• IV. Discussion 14
• References 22
• 논문요약 31