16~17세기 古今島 인근 海路와 水軍鎭의 설치

김경옥 국립목포대학교 도서문화연구원 2009 島嶼文化 Vol.0 No.33

This is a case study to investigate dispatch of the naval force, establishment of sugunjins(水軍鎭), island interrelation between sea routes and sugunjins in the southwest islands region in 16th and 17th century. Existing studies on sugunjins have included its establishment, its enlargement, changes of its function, its subsidiary facilities, the structure of its finances and so on, but have not paid attention to its location relatively. Where were sugunjins located? It was the 31th year of Sunjo(宣祖) when Gokeumdo(古今島) began to be considered as a army post. In other words, it is originated from stationing the allied forces at Duckdongli(德洞里), Gokeumdo by Lee, Sunsin(李舜臣) from Chosun(朝鮮) and Jinlin(陳璘) from Ming(明). At that time, Lee, Sunsin was full of praise for the geographical position of Gokeumdo by saying ‘the key point able to control right and left sea of Honam(湖南)’. It is in the early 17th century when sugunjins were established in Gokeumdo. At that time, governmental officials was investigating discussion about establishment of sugunjins to construct the defence system of islands region in the southwest sea. As s result of it, they knew the importance of the defence system there, and had an opinion that one or two sugunjins, first, should be tried to operate and then their number should be expended in stead of experiencing trial and error by establishing several sugunjins at a time. The required conditions paid attention as the center of sugunjins in the southwest sea in the 17th century have been found in its location and sea routes. In other words, the location of Gokeumdo has being piled up one on another by islands, large and small, and had way point that the distribution of Galipojin(加里浦鎭) at Wando(莞島), Whenyungpojin(會寧浦鎭) at Jangheung(長興), Madojin(馬島鎭) at Gangjin(康津), and so on enabled to get in touch instantly with Jeollagamyoung(全羅監營), Byungyoung(兵營), Usuyuong(右水營), Jwasuyuong(左水營), Hanyang(漢陽), Youngnam(嶺南), and so on. In other words, the construction network that connected right and left between Gokeumdojin(古今島鎭) and upper governmental offices was its sea routes. On the ground of that, it is understood that the allied forces of Chosun-Ming(朝明) was stationed in Gokeumdo and all sugunjinbos(水軍鎭堡) around the south west sea including Gokeumdojin were located in the sides of the sea routes in the 17th century.

조선 후기 전라도 도서 지역의 수군진 설치와 민역 관리

송기중(Song, Gi Jung) 동북아역사재단 2023 영토해양연구 Vol.26 No.-

조선후기 태안 안흥진의 설치와 성안마을의 공간구조

김경옥 호남사학회 2008 역사학연구 Vol.32 No.-

This is a case study on Anheungjin(安興鎭) located in Anheunglyang(安興梁), Taean(泰安) and a village inside a fortress(sungan village). The conditions of location and the space structure of Sugunjin(水軍鎭) is reconstructed by it. Anheunglyang was a representative Humjochu(rugged place) in our country as well as it was called ‘Nanhaenglyang(難行梁)’. Even so, all ships sailing from the south for the north had to pass Anheunglyang to reach Hanyang(漢陽). Especially, ships carrying gain paid as a tax had to pass Anheunglyang to pay tax. However, conditions of location of Anheunglyang didn't easily allow cargo vessels to sail. Because all parts of Anheunglyang had changed to the foreshore at ebb tide due to the wide difference between the rise and fall of the tide, and because small islands across Anheunglyang and rock above the sea obstructed the flow of the tide and destroyed ships. Accordingly, Chosun government tried to find ways to handle sea safety of cargo vessels. The result was that Chosun government had adopted a policy of constructing a canal inland, which had failed without any effect. Finally central government had completed the first stage of the work as disposition of sugunjins(the naval forces camps) for sea safety of cargo vessels. Sugunjins were established in Taean Peninsula in the 15th century. They were established in islands Soguenpo(所斤浦), Anheunglyang(安興梁), Pajido(波知島), and like other, sea, and the coast. The names of the sugunjins established in Anheunglyang are Anheunglyangsu(安興梁戍) and Sokuenjin in the 15th century. After that, a stone castle was built in Anheunglyangsu in 1655, which was called Anheungsung(安興城). Anheungsung had not only a Sugunchumsa(水軍僉使) but also about four hundred soldiers and 6 warships. A village inside a fortress had located in Anheungsung. In the village inside a fortress, attached buildings like donghun(東軒), naeah(內衙), and so on were built, rice for provisions was saved in 2 warehouses called ‘Namchangmal(남창말)’ and ‘Suchangmal(서창말)’, and residents’ living spaces were built up outside the castle. 이 글은 조선후기 태안 안흥량에 입지한 안흥진과 성안마을에 대한 사례연구이다. 이를 통해 수군진의 입지환경과 공간구조를 재구성하였다. 안흥량은 일명 ‘難行梁’이라 부를 만큼, 우리나라의 대표적인 險阻處 중의 하나였다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 남에서 북쪽으로 항해하는 선박들은 모두 안흥량을 거쳐야만 한양에 납세할 수 있었다. 그러나 안흥량의 입지 조건은 조운선의 항해를 쉽게 허용해 주지 않았다. 즉 안흥량은 조수간만의 차가 심하여 간조 때 전역이 갯벌로 변하였고, 안흥량 일대의 크고 작은 섬과 海中에 솟아있는 岩角은 潮流의 흐름을 방해하여 선박을 파선시켰다. 이에 조선정부는 조운선의 안전 항해를 위해 태안반도에 운하 건설을 계획하였다. 그러나 운하 건설 공사는 실패하고 말았다. 이에 조선정부는 수군진을 西海 海路에 배치하여 조운선의 안전 항해를 보장하도록 하였다. 수군진이 태안반도에 설치된 것은 15세기이다. 수군진은 태안의 소근포·안흥량·파지도 등지의 섬과 바다, 내륙 연안에 설치되었다. 15세기 안흥량에 설치된 수군진은 安興梁戍와 所斤鎭이다. 그 후 1655년 안흥량수에 석성이 축조되어 안흥성으로 승격하였다. 안흥성에는 수군첨사 1명을 비롯하여 군졸 400여 명이 주둔하고, 전선 6척이 배치되었다. 안흥성 내에 성안마을이 입지하였다. 성안마을에는 東軒과 內衙 등 부속건물이 건립되고, ‘남창말’과 ‘서창말’에 군량미가 비축되었으며, 성 밖에는 주민들의 거주 공간이 조성되었다.

영조代 충청도 안흥첨사 李譔의 굴항 공역과 그 한계

이동규 수선사학회 2023 史林 Vol.- No.86

This study focused on the excavation work for waterway and the results of Yi Seon, who was an naval commamder of Anheungjin during the reign of King Yeongjo in the late Joseon Dynasty, for four years from 1732 to 1736 in front Anheungjin, Taean-gun, Chungcheong-do. This construction was, in conclusion, a failed project. Despite opposition from various officials represented by Park Moon-soo, Yi Seon was able to start pioneering the waterway without central support with the support of Cho Moon-myeong and the permission of King Yeongjo. In the end, however, the new waterway was not completed, and due to the suspension and failure of the construction, he had faced personal ruin. The biggest reason for Yi Seon's failure to carry out the construction was his poor management of the military's food. However, the reason why Yi Seon was able to start excavation work was because there was an expectation that it could be completed with the manpower and resources of the area without support from the court and gervorment. In order to understand the waterway construction in Anheungjin, it is necessary to look at the personal, social, and political background of Yi Seon, who was in charge of the construction. Therefore, in this paper, I reviewed Yi Seon's records, focusing on his life in office, the background and progress of the Anheungjin waterway construction, and his movements after the construction failure. In particular, despite the limitations of Yi Seon's impeachment and suspension of construction, I reviewed what kind of construction actually took place in Anheungjin through old maps, and examined what national and social background affected the failure.

조선후기(朝鮮後期) 청산도(靑山島) 주민들의 입도(入島)와 수군진(水軍鎭)의 설치

김경옥 ( Gyung Ok Kim ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2007 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.19 No.2

연구논문 : 조선후기 태안 안흥진의 설치와 성안마을의 공간구조

김경옥 ( Gyung Ok Kim ) 호남사학회(구-전남사학회) 2008 역사학연구 Vol.32 No.-