Study on Thermal Managing Material Covered Solar Cell

Kang Won Lee(이강원),Min Soo Jeon(전민수),Dong Rip Kim(김동립) 대한기계학회 2021 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

Solar cells that absorb sunlight and convert solar energy into electrical energy are inevitably heated. However, since solar cells are designed to have optimal efficiency at room temperature, excessive heat generation of solar cells causes degradation of solar cell efficiency and reduced lifespan. Therefore, regulating the temperature of the solar cells is an important issue in improving the performance of the solar cells. Here, we investigated a transparent thermal managing material on to solar cells for effective heat emission. As a result, the efficiency of the material-covered solar cell was significantly improved by the anti-reflection effect and the reduced degradation by heat generation. The investigated transparent, thermal managing material can show the great promise for realizing efficient renewable energy production.

Atomic-layer-deposited buffer layers for thin film solar cells using earth-abundant absorber materials: A review

Sinha, Soumyadeep,Nandi, Dip K.,Kim, Soo-Hyun,Heo, Jaeyeong North-Holland 2018 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is not just a thin film deposition technology limited to the semiconductor IC industries to grow high-<I>k</I> gate dielectric or a Cu diffusion barrier layer. In recent times, it has found plenty of applications in the field of renewable energy due to its precise thickness control up to few angstroms and its unique feature of conformal and uniform coating on any randomly shaped 3D structure. ALD has far-reaching applications in this field, including electrochemical storage, fuel cells, solar photovoltaics (PV), and catalysis for water splitting to produce H<SUB>2</SUB> as a green fuel. In solar PV technology, ALD is now being extensively used as an efficient tool to deposit surface passivation layers, absorber or sensitizer, transparent conducting oxide, and barrier and buffer layers in several kinds of solar cells. Out of all the different layers associated with a solar cell, ALD is majorly used for the development of a very thin <I>n-</I>type buffer layer. This review article presents a systematic chronological study on such ALD-grown buffer layers for thin film solar cells (TSFCs). The study is carried out in detail based on different earth-abundant absorber materials, such as Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSn(S,Se)<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTSSe), Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O and SnS, for which ALD is successfully used to deposit the buffer layer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ALD buffer layers for TFSCs based on emerging absorbers are reviewed. </LI> <LI> Correlation between cell performance and ALD process parameters is investigated. </LI> <LI> Progress on the efficiency of the TFSCs based on ALD buffers is reported. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Solar cell electrode materials derived from coordination polymers

방진호 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Recent development of dye-sensitized solar cells has been driven by utilizing novel nanostructured materials for electrodes. Various nanostructured materials have been devised by using coordination polymers as their precursors, which can endow electrodes with new properties that are not feasible by traditional materials. In this talk, the synthesis of TiO2 and metal/carbon composite materials from coordination polymers and their utilization in dye-sensitized solar cells is presented. New physical properties and electrocatalytic activity of these materials and their implication in solar cell performance is discussed.

Silicon Solar Cells: Past, Present and the Future

이윤정,김병성,S. M. Ifitiquar,박철민,이준신 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.3

There has been a great demand for renewable energy for the last few years. However, the solar cellindustry is currently experiencing a temporary plateau due to a sluggish economy and an oversupplyof low-quality cells. The current situation can be overcome by reducing the production cost andby improving the cell is conversion efficiency. New materials such as compound semiconductor thinfilms have been explored to reduce the fabrication cost, and structural changes have been exploredto improve the cell’s efficiency. Although a record efficiency of 24.7% is held by a PERL - structuredsilicon solar cell and 13.44% has been realized using a thin silicon film, the mass production of thesecells is still too expensive. Crystalline and amorphous silicon - based solar cells have led the solarindustry and have occupied more than half of the market so far. They will remain so in the futurephotovoltaic (PV) market by playing a pivotal role in the solar industry. In this paper, we discusstwo primary approaches that may boost the silicon - based solar cell market; one is a high efficiencyapproach and the other is a low cost approach. We also discuss the future prospects of various solarcells.

In과 Ga가 미포함 된 Kesterite Cu₂ZnSn(S_1-x,Se_x)₄ (CZTSS) 박막형 태양전지 개발 현황

신승욱,한준희,강명길,윤재호,이정용,김진혁,Shin, Seung-Wook,Han, Jun-Hee,Gang, Myeng-Gil,Yun, Jae-Ho,Lee, Jeong-Yong,Kim, Jin-Hyeok 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Chalcogenide-based semiconductors, such as $CuInSe_2$, $CuGaSe_2$, Cu(In,Ga)$Se_2$ (CIGS), and CdTe have attracted considerable interest as efficient materials in thin film solar cells (TFSCs). Currently, CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 11% in module production. However, commercialized CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have some limitations due to the scarcity of In, Ga, and Te and the environmental issues associated with Cd and Se. Recently, kesterite CZTS, which is one of the In- and Ga- free absorber materials, has been attracted considerable attention as a new candidate for use as an absorber material in thin film solar cells. The CZTS-based absorber material has outstanding characteristics such as band gap energy of 1.0 eV to 1.5 eV, high absorption coefficient on the order of $10^4cm^{-1}$, and high theoretical conversion efficiency of 32.2% in thin film solar cells. Despite these promising characteristics, research into CZTS-based thin film solar cells is still incomprehensive and related reports are quite few compared to those for CIGS thin film solar cells, which show high efficiency of over 20%. The recent development of kesterite-based CZTS thin film solar cells is summarized in this work. The new challenges for enhanced performance in CZTS thin films are examined and prospective issues are addressed as well.

Influence of the Thickness and Doping Concentration in p- and n-Type Poly-Si Layers on the Efficiency of a Solar Cell Based on a Carbon Fiber

윤민석,한영근,심영보 한국광학회 2015 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.19 No.2

We investigated the effects of the thickness and doping concentration in p- and n-type poly-Si layerson the performance of a solar cell based on a carbon fiber in order to improve the energy conversionefficiency of the cell. The short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage of the carbon fiber-basedsolar cell were significantly influenced by the thickness and doping concentration in the p- and n-typepoly-Si layers. The solar cell efficiency was successfully enhanced to ~10.5%

Solar Cells: Amorphous Zinc Stannate (Zn₂SnO₄) Nanofibers Networks as Photoelectrodes for Organic Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (Adv. Funct. Mater. 25/2013)

Choi, Seung‐,Hoon,Hwang, Daesub,Kim, Dong‐,Young,Kervella, Yann,Maldivi, Pascale,Jang, Sung‐,Yeon,Demadrille, Renaud,Kim, Il‐,Doo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.23 No.25

<P>Highly porous amorphous Zn<SUB>2</SUB>SnO<SUB>4</SUB> electrodes are prepared using electrospinning techniques and combined with organic or ruthenium dyes to fabricate dye‐sensitized solar cells. As reported by Sung‐Yeon Jang, Renaud Demadrille, Il‐Doo Kim, and co‐workers on page 3146, the devices based on 3‐μm‐thick electrodes and the organic dyes demonstrate significantly improved performances compared to those using the ruthenium complex. Using this approach, solar cells with power conversion efficiencies up to 3.7% are obtained. </P>

Impact of grain boundary defect on performance of perovskite solar cell

Iftiquar, S.M.,Yi, Junsin Elsevier 2018 Materials science in semiconductor processing Vol.79 No.-

<P>Methyl ammonium lead halide (MAPbI(3)) perovskite is a crystalline material. It shows interesting properties that are suitable for absorber layer of solar cell. An optimized solar cell requires 200-400 nm thick absorber layer. However, the thin absorber layer inevitably contains grain of crystallites and hence grain boundary (GB) defects. The GB defects affect device performance. Therefore, we theoretically investigated the effects of GB defects on performance of solar cells. In this simulation studies, we kept total mid-gap defect density (N-d) as constant at 4x10(17) cm(-3) but varied the GB defect density (GB(dd)) from 3x10(12) cm(-3) to 3x10(22) cm(-3), because of which, the observed short circuit current density (J(sc)) of the cells remain nearly unchanged, but the open circuit voltage (V-oc) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) decreased steadily, while the fill factor (FF) shows a different trend of variation in a region (Region-X, say) where the GB(dd) and the N-d were nearly equal. A further investigation reveals that in the Region-X, a transition happens from defect mediated recombination to GB mediated recombination, where the reverse saturation current density (J(0)) and diode ideality factor (n) of the solar cells, reduce sharply from 3.46x10(-13) A cm(-2) to 2.65x10(-19) A cm(-2) and 1.9 to 1.1, respectively for a cell with 200 nm thick absorber layer. For 400 nm thick absorber layer, reduction of these parameters was 1.96x10(-13) A cm(-2) to 1.20x10(-17) A cm(-2) and 1.8 to 1.2 respectively.</P>

A Brief Review of Passivation Materials and Process for High Efficiency PERC Solar Cell

김자은,이선화,Sanchari Chowdhury,이준신 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.23 No.1

PERC technology is the dominant over the last decade in global photovoltaic market due to its lower cost and higher efficiency. Research works are still counting to reduce recombination loss and the passivation layer is key issue for reducing recombination and improving efficiency. This paper tried to obtain the optimized passivating contact properties and deposition techniques by introducing high-k Hafnium oxide (HfO x ) material for high efficiency PERC solar cell. HfO x is not only used as monolayer, but also used as doped with other materials or used with SiNx :H capping layer. However, in order to compare the properties with other materials, this paper only mentions the single layer properties. A comparative analysis of interface trap density, fixed charge and lifetime was performed which are key properties to obtain higher passivation. It was confirmed that HfOx deposited using ALD has a low interface trap density (D it ) of less than 2.0×10 12 eV −1 cm −2 , and can be adjusted to negative and positive fixed charge by deposition conditions or post-treatment process. As a result of simulation using HfOx as a passivation layer, the efficiency is 22.01%. It is expected that it will be possible to manufacture a solar cell with higher efficiency if the actual cell is fabricated by optimizing HfOx as a passivation layer based on the simulation result.

Efficient Solar Cells Based on Light-Harvesting Antimony Sulfoiodide

Nie, Riming,Yun, Hyun-sung,Paik, Min-Jae,Mehta, Aarti,Park, Byung-wook,Choi, Yong Chan,Seok, Sang Il Wiley-VCH 2018 ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS Vol.8 No.7

<P> Although antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) exhibits very interesting properties including high photoconductivity, ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity, it is not applied to solar cells. Meanwhile, SbSI is predominantly prepared as a powder using a high-temperature, high-pressure system. Herein, the fabrication of solar cells utilizing SbSI as light harvesters is reported for the first time to the best of knowledge. SbSI is prepared by solution processing, followed by annealing under mild temperature conditions by a reaction between antimony trisulfide, which is deposited by chemical bath deposition on a mesoporous TiO<SUB>2</SUB> electrode and antimony triiodide, under air at a low temperature (90 °C) without any external pressure. The solar cells fabricated using SbSI exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 3.05% under standard illumination conditions of 100 mW cm<SUP>-2</SUP>. </P>