구치부 복합레진의 적정 RADIOPACITY에 관한 연구

김병현,이정식,엄정문 大韓齒科保存學會 1992 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.17 No.1

The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of radiographic diagnosis of secondary carious lesions adjacent to composite filling materials with different radiopacity. The level of radiopacity that is most compatible with the radiographic diagnosis of secondary caries was studied in a two part experiment. In the first part, the radiopacity of 6 posterior composites (BP, CF, HM, LF, PQ, P50), enamel and dentin were measured by desitometer and 6 posterior composites divided into 3 groups based on their level of radiopacity compared with enamel and dentin. In the second part, class II composite fillings with or without secondary caries were made in extracted premolar and radiographs of the teeth were examined by 10 dentists to diagnose simulated carious lesion. The following results were obtained : 1. The radiopacity of 6 posterior composites varied between 1.76(PQ) and 6.78(P50)mm Al equivalent. 2. For 4 composites the radiopacity exeeded that of an equal thickness of enamel, and for two the radiopacity was lower than that of dentin. 3. The detection of secondary caries was facillitated when the radiopacity of a composite resin was similar to or slightly greater than that of enamel.

Comparative study of the radiopacity of resin cements used in aesthetic dentistry

quel Montes-Fariza,Manuel Monterde-Hernández,Cristina Cabanillas-Casabella,Antonio Pallares-Sabater 대한치과보철학회 2016 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.8 No.3

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the radiopacity of 6 modern resin cements with that of human enamel and dentine using the Digora digital radiography system, to verify whether they meet the requirements of ANSI/ADA specification no. 27/1993 and the ISO 4049/2000 standard and assess whether their radiopacity is influenced by the thickness of the cement employed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three 3-thickness samples (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm) were fabricated for each material. The individual cement samples were radiographed on the CCD sensor next to the aluminium wedge and the tooth samples. Five radiographs were made of each sample and therefore five readings of radiographic density were taken for each thickness of the materials. The radiopacity was measured in pixels using Digora 2.6 software. The calibration curve obtained from the mean values of each step of the wedge made it possible to obtain the equivalent in mm of aluminium for each mm of the luting material. RESULTS With the exception of Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0, all the cements studied were more radiopaque than enamel and dentin (P<.05) and complied with the ISO and ANSI/ADA requirements (P<.001). The radiopacity of all the cements examined depended on their thickness: the thicker the material, the greater its radiopacity. CONCLUSION All materials except Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 yielded radiopacity values that complied with the recommendations of the ISO and ANSI/ADA. Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 showed less radiopacity than enamel and dentin.

치과용 콤포머의 방사선 불투과성에 관한 연구

윤숙진,김은경 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The Objective of this study is to measure and compare the radiopacities of dental compomers with those of resin-reinforced glass ionomer and dental composite resin and to compare radiographic densitometry with indirect digital image analysis. Disks of two different dental compomers(DR and CG) as the experimental group, one resin-reinforced glass ionomer(FL) and one composite resin(ZH) as the control group, 10mm in diameter and 2mm thick, were radiographed with intact human teeth and aluminum stepwedge standard. Radiopacity was evaluated by transmission densitometry and with an image analysis program following the digitization of the radiographs using a flatbed scanner with transparency unit. All material and tooth structure showed the significant difference except FL and DR, CG and ZH(p<0.005) by the densitometric evaluation. And all material and tooth structure also showed the significant difference except FL and DR, CG and ZH(p<0.005) by indirect digital image analysis. Two evaluation methods didn't show the difference among the materials, but showed the difference between enamel radiopacities and between dentin radiopacities.

치과용 아크릴릭 레진의 방사선 불투과도에 관한 연구 : 황산바륨과 요오드 화합물 첨가

이건일,이용근,정성우 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1996 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.26 No.2

Aspirating or swallowing foreign bodies is a common occurrence. If they are wholly or partly radiopaque, their localization in and progress through the gastrointestinal tract can be more effective. Of the dental origin foreign materials swallowed, the most common things are fragments of anterior maxillary partial denture. But the radiopacity of denture base resins is not sufficient to determine the location of the objects. The purpose of this study was to develop a radiopaque dental acrylic resin, which has clinically detectible radiopacity with minimal change of mechanical properties and color. The radiopacity, color change(CIE △E)and microhardness of acrylic resins were determined after mixing barium sulfate of iodide compound. Thermocycling course was conducted to determine the change of characteristic of resins after using for a long time in the mouth. Five or ten percent of barium sulfate to total weight of cured material was mixed with heat curing dental acrylic resin or chemically curing orthodontic resin. In the case of iodide compound, the mixing ratio was two or three percent. After mixing the high radiopaque materials. resin was cured to 20×20×2 mm plate, polished with #600 sand paper and finally polished with Microcloth(Buehler). The specimens were thermocycled in 5 and 55 ℃ distilled water for 2,000 times, and the measurement of radiopacity, color and Vickers hardness was repeated every 500 times thermocycling. The radiopacity of specimens on the X-ray films was measured with densitometer(X-rite). The color change was determined with differential colorimeter (Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku), and the Vickers hardness number was measured with microhardness tester(Mitsuzawa). The following results were obtained: 1. All the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, had combined effect on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(p<0.01). 2. The two variables, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(P<0.01). But the kinds of acrylic resins did not influence on the color change of mixed dental acrylic resins(p>0.05). 3. Each of the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of dental acrylic resins (P<0.01). 4. The high radiopaque materials used in this study did not yield clinically usable radiopacity, and the color change was great after mixing those materials.

수복재의 적정 방사선 불투과도에 관한 연구

이용근,임미경,문상은,이건일 大韓齒科器材學會 1995 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of the radiopacity of composite resins, glass ionomers for filling and cements, and to determine the optimum level of radiopacity that is the most appropriate for the radiologic diagnosis of secondary caries. The experiments were performed in two parts. In the first part, the radiopacities of specimens of seven composite resins, two glass ionomers and four cements were measured by densitometer and those of the combined specimens were also measured. In the second part, caries was simulated by grooves of the depth of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0mm in aluminium blocks of 4mm. thick. Specimens of 2, 4, 6mm. thick were mounted on the caries simulation block, and the differences of radiopacities between caries portion and noncaries portion were analyzed. The following results were obtained : 1. The radiopacity of dental materials at 2mm thickness displayed a wide range of radiopacity, from 1.14 to 11.70mm. aluminium equivalents. 2. Most of the cements showed significantly higher radiopacity values of 8.78 to 11.70mm. aluminium equivalents, and those of ZPC were higher than any other materials used in this study. 3. Filling materials with radiopacity similar to enamel showed a tendency to have a sufficient degree of contrast facilitate the detection of underlying recurrent caries.

디지털방사선촬영술을 이용한 합착용 시멘트의 방사선불투과성 평가

안서영,이두형,이규복 대한턱관절교합학회 2013 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.29 No.4

This study examined the radiopacity of eight contemporary luting cements by direct digital radiography. Five discshaped specimens (5 mm × 1 mm) were prepared for each material tested (BisCem, Clearfil SA Luting, Duolink,Maxcem Elite, Multilink Speed, Panavia F 2.0, RelyX Unicem Clicker, V-link). The specimens were radiographed using a Kodak CS 7600 image plate (Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA) and an aluminum step wedge with a range of thicknesses (1.5 to 16.5 mm in 1.5 mm increments) and a 1 mm tooth used as a reference. A dental X-ray machine Kodak 2200 Intraoral X-ray System (Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA), operating at 70 kVp, 4 mA, 0.156 s and a source-to-sample distance of 30 cm, was used. According to international standards, the radiopacity of the specimens was compared with that of an aluminum step wedge using NIH ImageJ software (available at http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/).The data was analyzed by ANOVA and a Tukey's post hoc test. Maxcem Elite (5.66) showed the highest radiopacity of all materials, followed in order by Multilink Speed (3.87) and V-link (2.83). The radiopacity of Clearfil SA Luting (1.35), BisCem (1.33), Panavia F 2.0 (1.29) and Duolink (1.10) were between enamel (1.79) and dentin (0.19). RelyX Unicem Clicker (0.71) showed the lowest radiopacity, which was higher than that of dentin. All materials showed a radiopacity above the minimum recommended by the International Organization for Standardization and the American National Standards/American Dental Association with the exception of RelyX Unicem Clicker.

디지털 방사선사진술을 이용한 치아색 수복물의 방사선불투과도 비교

김효정,김성교 대한치과보존학회 2000 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.25 No.4

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the validity of 2 kinds of digital radiography techniques in evaluating the radiopacity comparison of restorative materials and to determine the relative radiopacities of several kinds of compomer and flowable resin using these techniques. After taking radiographs of an aluminum step wedge, correlation of optical density calibration curves were evaluated between conventional radiography with transmission densitometer and CD-Dent digital radiography (storage phosphor system) and between conventional one and RVG□ digital radiography (CCD system). Compomers such as Dyract□ AP, Compoglass□, and Dyract flow□, and flowable resins such as Ultraseal XT□ plus™, Revolution™, Aeliteflo™ and Tetric-flow□ were used. Five specimens of 5mm in diameter and 2mm thick were fabricated with each material. Radiopacities of the materials were measured using the above radiographic techniques and compared. The results were as follows : 1. When the optical density calibration curves were compared, conventional radiography and both CD-Dent and RVG□ digital radiographies showed very high inverse correlations (γ= -0.95, γ= -0.98 ; p<0.05). 2. All the tested restorative materials showed levels of radiopacity the same as or greater than that of dentin (p<0.05). Radiopacities of Dyract□ AP, Compoglass□, and Tetric flow□ were greater than those of Revolution™, Aeliteflo™, or dentin (p<0.05). 3. Radiopacities of Dyract□ AP, Compoglass□, and Tetric flow□ were shown to be greater than that of enamel when conventional radiography and CD-Dent digital radiography were used (p<0.05). Radiopacity of Dyract flow□ was shown to be greater than that of Enamel when conventional radiography was used (p<0.05).

근관 충전재 및 치근단 역충전재의 방사선 불투과성에 관한 비교 연구

김용상,김서경,황윤찬,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.2

This study was performed to assess the radiopacity of a variety of canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials according to the specification concerning root canal obturation materials. Ten materials including Gutta-percha pellets, amalgam, Fuji II LC, Dyract^(ⓡ) AP, Super EBA^(ⓡ), IRM^(ⓡ) AH 26^(ⓡ), Sealapex™, Tubli-Seal™ and dentin were evaluated in this study In the first part, densitometric reading of an each step of aluminum step wedge on occlusal film were performed at 60 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 s), 70 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.33 s) to decide appropriate voltage and exposure time. In the second part, ten specimens which are 5 ㎜ in diameter and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 ㎜ in thickness, were fabricated from each material studied. The specimens were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedge under decided condition (60 kVp, 0.2 s). The mean radiographic density values of the materials were transformed into radiopacity expressed equivalent thickness of aluminum (㎜ Al). The following results were obtained. 1. Among the various conditions including 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.4 s at 60 kVp and 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.33 s at 70 kVp, the appropriate voltage and exposure time that meet the requirement of density from 0.5 to 2.0 was 0.2 s at 60 kVp. 2. All of the materials in this study had greater radiopacity than the minimun level recommended by ISO No. 4049 standards. 3. Most of the materials had greater radiopacity than 3 ㎜ Al requirement of ANSI/ADA specification No. 57 (2000) and ISO No. 6876 (2001) standards except for Fuji II LC and Dyract. It suggests that all experimental canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials have a Sufficient radiopacity that meet the requirement concerning root canal obturation materials except for Fuji II LC and Dyract. 본 실험에서는 다양한 방사선 노출 조건에 따른 aluminum step wedge에 대한 광학 밀도를 알아보고, 그 중 적절한 노출조건을 선택하여 수종의 근관 충전재와 치근단 역충전재의 방사선 불투과성 정도를 굉가, 비교하였다. 방사선 불투과성의 기준을 위해 11개의 step으로 구성된 aluminum step wedge를 제작하여 , 60 kVp, 70 kVp 관전압 상태에서 각각 0.2. 0.3, 0.4초와 0.2, 0.3, 0.33초의 노출시간으로 교합 필름상에서 방사선 촬영 후 적절한 노출 조건을 구하였다. 직경 5 ㎜,각각의 두께 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 ㎜인 10종 (Gutta-percha, amalgam, Super EBA^(ⓡ), MTA, IRM^(ⓡ), Fuji II LC, Dyract^(ⓡ) AP, AH 26^(ⓡ), Sealapex^(ⓡ), Tubli-Sea™의 근관 충전재와 치근단 역충전재 시편을 각 재료와 두께당 10개씩 제작한 후, 동일한 두께의 상아질 시편 , aluminum step wedge와 함께 정해진 노출조건에 따라 방사선 촬영을 하였다. 모든 필름은 자동현상기로 현상하였다. 시편의 흑화도를 densitometer (Model 07-443, Victoreen Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, USA)로 5회 반복 측정 후, 평균값을 구하여 회귀분석 후 알루미늄 두께로 환산하였다. 얻어진 정보를 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 관전압 60 kVp에서 노출시간 0.2, 0.3, 0.4초, 70 kVp에서 0.2, 0.3, 0.33초로 변화를 주어 방사선 촬영을 하였을 때, 흑화도가 0.5 - 2.5 사이여야 한다는 ISO No. 6876 규격에 가장 적합한 것은 60 kVp, 0.2초일 경우였다. 2.측정된 근관 충전재와 치근단 역충전재들의 방사선 불투과성 모두 ISO No. 4049 규격에 적합하였다. 3.광중합형 글래스 아이오노머 (Fuji II LC)와 컴포머 (Dyract)를 제외하고는 ANSI/ADA specification (2000) 또는 ISO No. 6876 (2001)규격이 제시한 최소한 3 ㎜ Al 이상의 방사선 불투과성을 지녀야 한다는 규격에 적합하였다. 이상의 결과는 본 실험에 사용된 수종의 근관 충전재와 치근단 역충전재 중 Fuji Ⅱ LC와 Dyract를 제외하고 모두 규격에 적합한 방사선 불투과성을 가지고 있음을 시사한다.

구치부 복합레진 수복을 위한 와동 이장용 재료의 방사선투과성에 관한 연구

문주훈,최의환,Moon Joo-Hoon,Choi Eui-Rwan 대한영상치의학회 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relative radiopacities of cavity lining materials (Resin-modified Glass Ionomer cement, Compomer and Plowable resin) for posterior composite resin restoration. Material & Methods: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC, Vitrebond/sup TM/), Compomers (Dyract /sup (R)/ Compoglass, F2,000, Dyract/sup (R)/ flow Compoglass Flow) and Flowable resins (Tetric/sup (R)/ flow, Aeliteflo/sup TM/ Revolution/sup TM/) were used. Five specimens of 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were fabricated with each material. Human molars were horizontally sectioned 2 mm thick to include both enamel and dentin. The radiopacities of enamel, dentin, cavity lining materials, aluminum step wedge were obtainded from conventional radiograph and NIH image program. Results: All the tested lining materials showed levels of radiopacity the same as or greater than that of dentin. All compomer tested (Dyract, Compoglass, F2,000, Dyract flow, Compoglass Flow) and Vitrebond/sup TM/, Tetric/sup (R)/ flow were more radiopaque than enamel. The radiopacities of Fuji II LC and Revolution/sup TM/ were between enamel and dentin and resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Compomer and Tetric/sup (R)/ flow were greater than those of Revolution/sup TM/, Aeliteflo/sup TM/ or dentin. The level of radiopacity of the tested materials was variable; those with low radiopacity should be avoided in class II restorations, where a clear determination of recurrent caries by the examining clinician could be compromised. Conclusion: Clinician should be able to distinguish these cavity lining materials radiographically from recurrent decay, voids, gaps, or other defects that lead to clinical failure. Utilization of materials ranked more radiopaque than enamel would enable clinicians to distinguish the lining material from tooth structure.

구치부 복합레진 수복을 위한 와동 이장용 재료의 방사선불투과성에 관한 연구

문주훈,최의환 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.4

Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the relative radiopacities of cavity lining materials (Resin-modified Glass Ionomer cement, Composer and plowable resin) for posterior composite resin restoration. Material & Methods : Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC, VitrebondTM), Compomers (Dyract□, Compoglass, F2,000, Dyract□ flow Compoglass Flow) find Flowable resins (Tetric□ flow, AelitefloTM RevolutionTM) were used. Five specimens of 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were fabricated with each material. Human molars were horizontally sectioned 2 mm thick to include both enamel and dentin. The radiopacities of enamel, dentin, cavity lining materials, aluminum step wedge were obtainded from conventional radiograph and NIH image program. Results : All the tested lining materials showed levels of radiopacity the same as or greater than that of dentin. All compomer tested (Dyract□, Compoglass, F2,000, Dyract□ flow, Compoglass Flow) and VitrebondTM, Tetric□ flow were more radiopaque than enamel. The radiopacities of Fuji II LC and RevolutionTM were between enamel and dentin and resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Compomer and Tetric□ flow were greater than those of RevolutionTM, AelitefloTM or dentin. The level of radiopacity of the tested materials was variable; those with low radiopacity should be avoided in class II restorations, where a clear determination of recurrent caries by the examining clinician could be compromised. Conclusion : Clinician should be able to distinguish these cavity lining materials radiographically from recurrent decay, voids, gaps, or other defects that lead to clinical failure. Utilization of materials ranked more radiopaque than enamel would enable clinicians to distinguish the lining material from tooth structure. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2000; 30:243-248)