어머니양육태도와 유아의 친사회적행동 및 인기도의 관계

정경화 培材大學校 人文科學硏究所 2011 人文論叢 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the following: Mother’s child-rearing attitude and pro-social behavior of young children, Mother’s child-rearing attitude and relationship to popularity, and the pro-social behavior of young children in terms of popularity. The subjects for this inquiry are as follows : 1. Is there any correlation between mother’s child-rearing attitude and the prosocial behavior of the child? 2. Is there any correlation between mother’s child-rearing attitude and the child’ popularity? 3. Is there any correlation between prosocial behavior of the child and the child’s popularity? The subjects of those studies include the S private kindergarten, 90children of ages 5 in Daejeon metro city and an established kindergarten an annex of y primary school, 50 children and their mothers in the area of Chung-chong Bukdo Young-dong Woop. The measuring instrument of those studies include the surveys of Mother’s Mrs Hun Suk KIM, Mrs Won Young LEE, Mrs Chan Ok PARK, Mrs Young Hee NOR which tested the adaptation, extraction of pro-social behavior of young children and the rating of a population sample of the same age. Analysis of the collection materials rein forces t-verification of SPSS win, correlative analysis. The results of those studies are as follows: First, a Mother’s child-rearing attitude only affects the child’s development to a minor degree rather than a major one in terms of the pro-social behavior of young children. The other elements affect th pro-social behavior of young children. The affection – a hostile feeling level r=.194 P< .05 of a low rank mother’s child-rearing action shows a relation of valance personal emotion from the pro-social behavior of young children. This result affects the pro-social behavior of young children during the period that the mother expresses affection or hostile feeling toward the child and as a result the child displays personal emotion accommodation behavior. Second, Mother’s child-rearing attitude doesn’t match the relation of popularity. This phenomenon brought about a different result from the previous research in which it was stated that the social behavior of children could be predicted from the Mother’s child-rearing action effect in which the mother provided a satisfactory role and the parent’s affection was expressed toward the children in an open way. Third, children’s popularity relation with pro-social behavior of young children level r=.269 P< .01. Children’s popularity relation and pro-social behavior of young children matches of a low rank of correlative in case of kindergarten adaptation r=.199, personal emotion accommodation behavior r=.233 both of them valence of level P< .05. also in the case of interpersonal relation formation valence r= .299 P< .01. The conclusion of those studies is as follows; First, Mother's affection in a child-reading attitude doesn't relate to the personal emotional behavior of young children. This research requires the continued study of children's pro-social behavior which can't be excluded due to the limited questionnaire method of measurement for Mother's affection in a child-reading attitude and pro-social behavior. It was shown that the children are able to act a typical manner as a result of the teacher's expectation of pro-social behavior. In the case of the new research it can be predicted that the Mother's affection in a child-rearing attitude is related to the pre-social behavior of young children. Further research will based upon the mother's affection in a child-reading attitude with children's perception and testing of children's pro-social behavior within a limited set of conditions in which it can be observed that it in turn affects their pro-social behavior. In terms of the low relation part of affection-hostility, children adapt in the social environment and are able to express their personal emotion to accommodate their pro-social behavior. Second, Mother's child-rearing attitude determines the child's popularity. Within this historical research was a limited questionnaire method measuring the Mother's affection in a child-rearing attitude, the way in which the typical family educates their children at an institute of early education and finally the participation of women in public affairs which effects the time spent in child care. However, based on this research, popularity can be related to the Mother's affection in a child-rearing attitude within the children's preception and a test of children's observation which in turn affects that factor. Third, Pro-social behavior. Those children adapt well in the kindergarten environment and other social activities in which they are able to express their interpersonal relation formation and personal emotion accommodation behavior which subsequently has an effect upon their popularity.

사회적기업가정신 다차원 모형 및 프레임워크: 사회적기업의 협력지향성을 중심으로

조한준,성창수 한국벤처창업학회 2023 벤처창업연구 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify the unique entrepreneurial behavioral attributes of social enterprises that are distinct from for-profit enterprises at the organizational level, derive a social entrepreneurship model that reflects the unique characteristics of social enterprises as strategic decision-making and organizational behavioral tendencies. In order to effectively achieve the purpose of this study, previous studies were reviewed, and qualitative studies were conducted using the grounded theory method based on this. In this study, social entrepreneurship was identified as five sub-factors through a series of analysis processes, and 'Social value orientation; Innovativeness; Pro-activeness; Risk taking; Cooperation orientation' was newly proposed. It also proposed a new social entrepreneurship framework that integrates and explains the multidimensional model of social entrepreneurship by reviewing and connecting the relationships between each sub-factor of the research model. The 'social entrepreneurship framework' classified the social entrepreneurship model into 'pro-social motivation', 'pro-social behavior', and 'entrepreneurial behavior' attributes and explained them by linking them with each sub-factor that constitutes social entrepreneurship. The most remarkable difference between this study and previous studies is that it identified and added 'Cooperation orientation' as a sub-factor constituting social entrepreneurship from the organizational-level behavioral point of view. Through this study, ‘Cooperation orientation’ was identified as a major behavioral tendency for social enterprises to materialize pro-social motivation, strengthen the economic foundation of business activities, and improve the efficiency of business operations. 'Cooperation orientation' is a major behavioral tendency that strengthens the legitimacy of business activities between pro-social motivation and profit-seeking of social enterprises, improves the performance of social value creation activities, and overcomes the difficulties of resource constraints through cooperation with the outside and improves operational efficiency. In addition, it was confirmed that 'Cooperation orientation' is a major behavioral tendency of social enterprises that is manifested simultaneously in social value-oriented activities and entrepreneurial activities pursuing profit. The 'Cooperation orientation' newly identified in the study supplements the previous research, increases the explanatory power of the theory of social entrepreneurship, and provides the basis for theoretical expansion to subsequent researchers. 본 연구는 조직의 전략적 의사결정 및 행동경향으로 사회적기업의 고유한 기업가적 행동 속성을 식별하여 영리기업과 구별되는 사회적기업가정신 모형을 도출하고 이를 설명하는 사회적기업가정신 프레임워크를 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 목적을 효과적으로 달성하기 위하여 선행연구를 검토하고 이를 토대로 근거이론방법으로 질적연구를 수행하였다. 일련의 분석과정을 통하여 ‘사회적기업가정신: 사회적가치지향성; 혁신성; 진취성; 위험감수성; 협력지향성’모형을 새롭게 제안하고 식별된 하위요인들 간의 관계성을 고찰하여 모형을 통합적으로 설명하는 ‘사회적기업가정신 프레임워크’를 개발하였다. 프레임워크는 사회적기업가정신을 ‘친사회적 동기(Pro-social motivation)’, ‘친사회적 행동(Pro-social behavior)’, ‘기업가적 행동(Entrepreneurial behavior)’ 속성으로 구분하고 이를 사회적기업가정신 모형을 구성하는 각 하위요인들과 연결하여 설명하였다. 본 연구가 선행연구와 구별되는 가장 두드러진 차별성은 조직차원의 행동적 관점에서 사회적기업가정신을 구성하는 하위요인으로 ‘협력지향성(Cooperation orientation)’을 식별하여 추가한 부분이다. 연구를 통해 사회적·경제적 목적을 동시에 추구하는 사회적기업의 독특한 특성인 하이브리디티(Hybridity)와 이로 인한 자원 제약 환경 속에서, 외부와의 협력을 통해 자원 제약의 어려움을 극복하고, 운영의 효율을 향상시키며, 조직의 친사회적 동기를 구체화하는 사회적기업의 주요한 행동경향인‘협력지향성’을 식별하였다. 협력지향성은 사회적 가치지향 활동과 영리를 추구하는 기업가적 활동에서 동시에 발현되는 사회적기업의 차별적 행동경향으로, 친사회적 동기를 구체화하며 동시에 기업가적 영리활동을 수행하는 사회적기업의 이중정체성(Dual identity) 갈등 사이에서 기업 활동의 합법성을 강화하고 사회적 가치창출 활동의 성과를 향상시키며 기업 활동의 경제적 기반을 강화한다. 본 연구에서 새롭게 식별된 협력지향성은 선행연구를 보완하여 사회적기업가정신 이론의 설명력을 높이고 후속 연구자들에게 이론적 확장의 근거와 토대를 제공한다.

ADHD 아동의 친사회적 도덕추론능력과 친사회적 행동

황순영 ( Soon Young Hwang ),홍경의 ( Kyoung Ui Hong ) 한국정서.행동장애아교육학회(구.한국정서학습장애아교육학회) 2010 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 ADHD 아동의 친사회적 도덕추론능력 및 친사회적 행동의 발달정도가 일반아동에 비해 어떠한지를 알아봄으로써 ADHD 아동의 도덕교육의 방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 일반아동 15명과 ADHD 아동 11명을 대상으로 친사회적 도덕추론능력검사와 친사회적 행동 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 친사회적 도덕추론능력에 있어서는 ADHD 아동이 일반아동에 비하여 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 낮음을 알 수 있었고, 친사회적 행동에서는 ADHD 아동과 일반아동 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 또한 ADHD 아동의 친사회적 도덕추론능력과 친사회적 행동 간의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, ADHD 아동에게 도덕적 가치를 습득하고 내면화할 수 있는 친사회적 도덕추론능력과 행동발달을 위한 인지중심의 도덕 교육과 공감능력을 강화하는 교육적 프로그램을 교육현장에서 실시하는 방안을 제안하였다. The purpose of this study is to examine pro-social moral reasoning and pro-social behavior of ADHD children. Major questions of this study are as follows. Firstly, are there any differences on Pro-social Moral Reasoning between ADHD children and general children?, Secondly, are there any differences on Pro-social Behavior between ADHD children and general children?, Thirdly, what is the Pearson correlation between Pro-social Moral Reasoning and Pro-social Behavior of ADHD children? The research objects for this study consisted of 11 ADHD children who were diagnosed as ADHD by a psychiatrist and 15 general children. the Pro-social Moral Reasoning and the Pro-social Behavior tests were executed respectively to children with ADHD and general children. The results of this research can be suiaarized as follows. Firstly, Pro-social Moral Reasoning of ADHD children showed statistiHD ly signifiHDnt differenceial Bared with that of general children. Secondly, even though the precedent studies have showed that ADHD children`s Pro-social Behavior is low compared with that of general children, what was shown in this study was there was not any statistically significant difference between them. Thirdly, Pearson correlation between Pro-social Moral Reasoning and Pro-social Behavior of ADHD children was statistically significant positive correlation.

사회적 자본과 조직몰입이 비윤리적 친조직행동에 미치는 영향: 윤리적 리더십의 조절된 매개효과

이의연,이준혁,전정호 한국인적자원개발학회 2019 인적자원개발연구 Vol.22 No.4

Although there is a lot of research on social capital, there are few studies examining the double-sidedness of social capital. In order to examine social capital from various perspectives, it is necessary to examine both positive and negative functions of social capital. Present paper not only understood the positive results of the social capital investigated by the prior social capital researchers, but also focused on the negative aspects of the social capital. Although social capital can induce positive outcomes such as organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction, excessively high level of social capital could form closed group or instrumental tool and lead to group conformity. Based on this perspective, current study attempts to examine the negative aspects of social capital. Present study also aims to provide the negative mechanism of social capital and the strengthened understanding. The purpose of current study is as follows. First, this paper analyzed whether the level of social capital has a positive effect on the unethical pro-organizational behavior of the members. Second, We examined the mediating effect of organizational commitment in the influence of social capital on unethical pro-organizational behavior. Third, present paper investigated whether the effect of social capital on unethical pro-organizational behavior through organizational commitment depends on the level of ethical leadership. A total respondents of 565 questionnaires in 30 companies located in Seoul and metropolitan areas. were analyzed by SPSS 23.0, Amos 24.0, and Process Macro. The results of this paper are as follows. First, impact of social capital on unethical pro-organizational behavior is not significant. Second, social capital has a positive impact on unethical pro-organizational behavior through mediating role of organizational commitment (Affective, Normative). Third, although the influence of social capital on unethical pro-organizational behavior through organizational commitment is not significantly moderated by ethical leadership, it is true that the effect of social capital varies according to the level of ethical leadership. This results are meaningful to have different results from previous research related to existing social capital. In the mediating role of organizational commitment, the influence of social capital on unethical pro-organizational behavior is fully mediated by organizational commitment. Results implied that the social capital in the organization increases the emotional attachment and duty of the members, induces the group conformity that discriminates and rejects other groups, and causes the members to engage in unethical pro-organizational behavior in violation of social norms. In the Moderated Mediation role of ethical leadership, although the hypothesis that the effect of social capital through organizational commitment on unethical pro-organizational behavior would be Moderated Mediation by ethical leadership was rejected, the magnitude of effect has changed according to the level of ethical leadership. The results displayed the dysfunction of social capital and suggested the implications for mitigating the dysfunction of social capital through ethical leadership in addition to the existing research that the formation of social capital is important. Based on these findings, current paper suggests understanding and necessity of ethical leadership in order to facilitate interaction between supervisor and members for ethical management at the organization level. 본 연구는 사회적 자본의 긍정적인 효과를 제시한 대다수의 선행연구와는 다른 시각에서 사회적자본을 통해 형성된 구조적, 인지적, 관계적 자본이 오히려 조직과 구성원, 동료들 간의 폐쇄적 네트워크를 유발하여 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 주장에 주목하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사회적 자본이 구성원들의 조직몰입(정서적·규범적)을 증가시키고 이를 통해 비윤리적 친-조직행동을간접적으로 증가시키는 부정적인 효과를 가질 수 있다는 가설을 설정하고 이를 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 리더가 가지고 있는 윤리적 리더십에 따라 사회적 자본이 조직몰입을 매개로 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 미치는 영향이 완화될 것으로 가정하고 윤리적 리더십의 조절된 매개역할을 하는지 검증하고자 하였다. 이상의 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 국내 기업 및 조직에 재직하고 있는 565명의 구성원에게 수집된 설문을 분석한 결과, 첫째, 사회적 자본은 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 조직몰입은 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을미쳤다. 셋째, 조직몰입(정서적·규범적)은 사회적 자본과 비윤리적 친-조직행동의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 사회적 자본과 비윤리적 친-조직행동의 관계에서 윤리적 리더십의 조절효과는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 조직몰입(정서적·규범적)의 매개효과에 대한윤리적 리더십의 조절된 매개효과 역시 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 윤리적 리더십의조절된 매개효과에서 조건부 간접효과를 살펴본 결과, 중간 집단과 낮은 집단에서는 윤리적 리더십의 조절된 매개효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 그 효과는 윤리적 리더십이 중간인 집단에서 낮은 집단보다 사회적 자본이 조직몰입(정서적·규범적)을 통해 비윤리적 친-조직행동에 미치는 정(+)의 영향이 완화된 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 사회적 자본의양면성을 밝히고, 사회적 자본이 올바르게 기능하도록 부정적 효과를 줄일 수 있는 방안을 수립하는 등 인적자원관리 관점에서 유용한 이론적·실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

사회적기업 종업원의 서비스지향성이 친사회적 서비스행동에 미치는 영향 -휴먼서비스 산업을 중심으로-

장석인 ( Sug In Chang ) 한국인적자원관리학회 2014 인적자원관리연구 Vol.21 No.1

휴먼서비스를 제공하는 사회적 기업은 제조업과 달리 무형의 서비스를 상품화하여 판매하기 때문에 상품에 대한 자사의 경쟁적 우위의 서비스와 가치를 제공해야 한다. 또한 취약계층의 클라이언트들(clients)은 사회적 기업 서비스와 그 서비스를 제공하는 종업원들에 의해 높은 기대치를 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 휴먼서비스만을 제공하는 사회적 기업 종업원을 대상으로 이들의 서비스지향성에 대한 정확한 개념과 이를 구성하는 요인들은 무엇이며, 이러한 서비스지향성이 조직구성원의 서비스태도(예를 들면, 직무만족과 서비스몰입)와 친사회적 서비스행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치고, 이들이 어떻게 지각되고 있는지를 구체적으로 분석하여 차별화된 전략적 시사점을 사회적 기업 연구자나 실무자에게 제공하는 것이다. 휴먼서비스 사회적 기업은 인적자원관리 관점에서 볼 때 종업원의 서비스지향성 인식이 클라이언트 만족에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 서비스지향적 성향을 가진 종업원의 특성을 파악하고 관리해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 종업원 서비스지향과 관련된 종업원의 직무관련 태도를 예측하는 인과관계 모형을 제시함으로써 사회적 기업의 서비스지향성이 높을수록 직무만족과 서비스몰입이 높아져 클라이언트에게 친사회적 서비스행동으로 이어진다는 점에서 종업원을 친사회적 자산(pro-social capital) 관점에서 관리하고 평가해야 할 필요성을 제시하였다. In modern society, the human service field in social enterprise makes efforts to provide new products and better service to meet the diverse needs of client according to their increasing expectations for economic and social utility. The purpose of this research was to examine the status and working environment of social enterprise which has become popular for solution of human services, specially, to investigate the relationships between service orientation, job satisfaction, service commitment and pro-social service behavior. This research had 275 employees of social enterprises certified by Ministry of employment and labor located in Seoul, Gyunggi, Chungnam from 5nd of August to 20nd of September in 2013 for survey. For the statistical analysis, SPSS/PC Ver. 20.0 were used, factor analysis and other analysis such as reliability analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis accordingly were performed. Proven research result through these analysis are as follows: (a) service orientation was positively related to pro-social service behavior. In particular, the psychological empowerment influences pro-social behavior. In other words, employee’s empowerment in social enterprises influence service satisfaction of client and increases pro-social behavior. (b) job satisfaction and service commitment was positively related to pro-social service behavior. In particular, this study investigated the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the causal relationships between service orientation and pro-social service behavior. A critical review of available literature on the issues were presented and specific attention was paid to the mediating effect of job attitudes such as job satisfaction which might work in between service orientation and pro-social behavior. In this research, the higher the service orientation, increases the level of pro-social behavior.

초등학생의 또래 공동체 의식과 외현적 공격성의 관계에서 친사회적 행동과 방어행동의 매개효과

권지웅(Kwon, ji woong),박종효(Park, jong hyo) 한국교육학회 2020 敎育學硏究 Vol.58 No.4

본 연구는 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 학생들의 ‘또래 공동체 의식’과 ‘외현적 공격성’의 관계에서작용하는 ‘친사회적행동’과 ‘방어행동’의 매개효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 연구 문제를 검증하기위하여 클래스넷 4차년도 데이터를 사용하여 전국 소재의 초등학생 1,374명(여학생 50.0%)을 분석하였다. 또래 공동체 의식과 친사회적 행동은 자기보고 방식으로 측정하였고, 외현적공격성과방어행동은 또래지명 방식을 활용하여 측정하였다. 구조방정식을 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 또래 공동체 의식은 친사회적 행동에 정적 효과를 보였고, 친사회적인 행동은 방어행동에 정적 효과를 보였다. 둘째, 또래 공동체 의식은 방어행동에 정적 효과를 보였고, 방어행동은 외현적 공격성에 부적 효과를 보였으며, 또래 공동체 의식은 외현적 공격성에 부적 효과를 보였다. 셋째, 또래 공동체 의식은 외현적 공격성 간의 관계에서 방어행동이 부분매개 효과를 보였으며, 친사회적 행동도 외현적 공격성과의 관계에서 방어행동이 부분매개 효과를 보였다. 또한 또래공동체 의식과 방어행동 간의 관계에서 친사회적행동은 부분매개효과를 보였다. 마지막으로, 또래 공동체 의식은 친사회적 행동과 방어행동을 거쳐 외현적공격성에 부분매개효과를 보였다. 이런 결과로 볼 때 외현적 공격성을 줄이기 위해서는 방어행동 역량을 키우는 것이 필요하며, 방어행동은 학교폭력 중 외현적 공격성이 중심이 되는 또래괴롭힘 예방을 위해서도 중요한 변인이라는 시사점을 확인할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to identify the mediating effect of pro-social behavior and defending behavior in the relationship between sense of peer community and overt aggression in a sample of students of Grade 4, 5, and 6. The fourth wave of Class-Net data was used to target a total of 1,374(girl 50.0%) elementary school students. Sense of peer community and pro-social behavior were measured by self-reports whereas overt aggression and defending behavior were measured by peer nomination. The major findings through using a SEM were as follows. First, sense of peer community had a positive effect on pro-social behavior and pro-social behavior had a positive effect on defending behavior. Second, sense of peer community had a positive effect on defending behavior and defending behavior had a negative direct effect on overt aggression. In addition, sense of peer community had a negative effect on overt aggression. Third, defending behavior mediated partially in the relationship sense of peer community and overt aggression, defending behavior mediated partially in the relationship pro-social behavior and overt aggression too, Also, pro-social behavior mediated partially in the relationship between sense of peer community and defending behavior. Finally, sense of peer community had a partial mediation effect on overt aggression through pro-social behavior and defending behavior. Based on these results, it is indicated that acquiring defending capacity was necessary to reduce overt aggression, and defending behavior is an important variable to prevent school bullying, which appears in the form of overt aggression in the school violence context.

초등학생의 공감, 친사회성 및 방어행동의 관계에서 또래지위의 조절된 매개효과와 성차

권지웅(Kwon Ji-Woong),박종효(Park Jong-Hyo) 한국인간발달학회 2020 人間發達硏究 Vol.27 No.3

본 연구는 공감과 방어행동 간의 관계에서 친사회성의 매개효과를 확인하고, 이러한 매개효과가 또래지위를 통해 조절되는지, 더 나아가 또래지위의 조절효과가 성차에 따라 다르게 나타나는지를 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 클래스넷 4차년도 자료로서, 초등학교 41학교, 54학급, 총 1,208명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 자기보고로 측정한 공감과 또래지명으로 측정한 친사회성, 또래지위(선호, 인기), 방어행동 변인을 사용하였다, 친사회성의 매개효과와 또래지위의 조절효과, 그리고 성별에 따른 조절효과 차이 등은 SPSS-macro를 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공감, 친사회성, 또래지위, 방어행동의 성차를 확인하였다. 둘째, 공감과 방어행동의 관계에서 친사회성은 완전매개효과를 확인하였다. 셋째, 공감과 방어행동 간의 관계에서 확인된 친사회성의 매개효과는 또래지위에 의해 조절되었다. 이는 공감과 친사회성이 높은 학생들이 또래지위가 높은 경우, 낮은 경우 보다 방어행동이 유의하게 높아졌음을 알 수 있다. 넷째. 또래지위의 조절효과는 성별에 따라 달라졌는데, 여학생은 남학생보다 또래지위가 높을 때 공감이 친사회성을 거쳐 방어행동으로 이어지는 효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 본 연구는 학교에서 친사회성을 강화하는 인성교육을 실시할 때 성차도 함께 고려한다면 또래괴롭힘 예방에 도움이 될 수 있다는 시사점을 도출하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of pro-social traits in the relationship between empathy and defending behavior; and to examine if this mediating effect is moderated through peer status; and whether it varies depending on gender. The fourth wave of Class-Net data was used to target a total of 1,208 elementary school students. Empathy was measured by self-reports, and pro-social traits, peer status (preference, popularity) and defending behavior were measured by peer nomination. The mediating effects of pro-social traits, the moderating effects of peer status, and the difference in the moderating effect by gender were analyzed using SPSS-macro. The results were as follows: first, there were gender differences in empathy, pro-social traits, peer status and defending behavior. Second, pro-social traits fully mediated the relationship between empathy and defending behavior. Third, the mediating effect of pro-social traits in the relationship between empathy and defending behavior was regulated by peer status. This means that students with high levels of empathy and pro-social traits show higher rates of defensive behavior than those with lower levels of empathy and pro-social traits. Fourth, there was a gender gap in the mediating effects of peer status. For female students, a higher peer status had a greater impact on empathy, leading to pro-social traits and defending behavior. The results of this study imply that considering gender differences will be helpful when implementing character-building education to enhance pro-social traits so as to prevent peer bullying at schools.

다층 구조방정식을 이용한 초등학생의 학급 공동체 의식 및 또래지위와 방어행동의 관계에서 친사회적 행동의 매개효과

권지웅(Kwon, Ji-Woong),박종효(Park, Jong-Hyo) 한국교육심리학회 2021 敎育心理硏究 Vol.35 No.1

본 연구는 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 1,374명의 학생들(남 50.0%)을 대상으로 ‘학급 공동체 의식’ 및 ‘또래지위’와 ‘방어행동’의 관계에서 작용하는 ‘친사회적행동’의 매개효과를 학생 및 학급 수준에서 확인하고자 하였다. 연구 문제 검증을 위하여 클래스넷 데이터(4차년 1차)를 사용하였다. 학급 공동체 의식과 친사회적 행동은 자기보고 방식으로 측정하였고, 또래지위와 방어행동은 또래지명 방식으로 측정하였다. 다층 구조방정식을 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학급과 학생 수준 모두 학급 공동체 의식은 친사회적 행동에 정적인 직접 효과를 보였고, 또래지위도 방어행동에 정적인 직접 효과를 보였다. 둘째, 학생 수준에서 또래지위는 친사회적 행동과 방어행동에 정적인 직접 효과를 보였다. 셋째, 학생 수준에서 학급 공동체 의식은 방어행동에 부적인 직접 효과를 보였고 친사회적 행동은 정적인 직접 효과를 보였다. 넷째, 학생 수준에서 친사회적 행동은 학급 공동체 의식과 방어행동 간의 관계에서 부분적으로 매개하는 간접 효과를 보였다. 마지막으로, 학생 수준에서 친사회적 행동은 또래지위와 방어행동 간의 관계에서 부분적으로 매개하는 간접 효과를 보였다. 이런 결과로 볼 때 학급 수준에서 평균적으로 방어행동 비율이 높은 학급은 평균적으로 또래지위가 높은 학생들로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있으며, 학생 수준에서 학급 공동체 의식과 또래지위가 높은 학생들의 방어행동 역량을 키우기 위해서는 친사회적 행동을 거쳐야 한다는 시사점을 확인할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to identify the mediating effect of pro-social behavior in the relationships among sense of class community, peer status, and defending behavior in 1,374 elementary school children (including 50% boys) of the fourth, fifth and sixth grades. The Class-Net (4th wave) data were used to empirically test the research model. Sense of class community and pro-social behavior were measured using a self-report method, whereas defending behavior was assessed using a peer nomination method. The multi-level structural equation modeling (MSEM) analysis revealed the following. First, sense of class community, at both student and class levels, had a positive direct effect on pro-social behavior, and peer status had a positive direct effect on defending behavior. Second, peer status at the student level had a positive direct effect on pro-social and defending behaviors. Third, sense of class community at the student level had a negative direct effect on defending behavior, whereas pro-social behavior had a positive direct effect on defending behavior. Fourth, sense of class community had an indirect partial mediation effect on defending behavior via pro-social behavior at the student level. Finally, pro-social behavior at the student level had an indirect partial mediation effect in the relationship between peer status and defending behavior. Based on these results, it can be concluded that a class with a high ratio of defending behavior consists of students with high peer status at the class level. Moreover, the results of this study suggest that students who have high levels of both “sense of class community” and “peer status” are encouraged to display pro-social behaviors in the classroom in order to play an active role as defenders against peer victimization.

대학축구동아리활동 참여가 생활만족과 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향

최웅재(Woong Jae Choi),최장호(Jang Ho Choi) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.47

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of life satisfaction and pro-social behavior on participation in College football club activities. For the above study purposes, college football clubs in Jeon buk-Do province has selected the five schools were selected 290 players and activities. This Analysis was used frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. The results of analyses were as follows: University football club activities had greater effect between life satisfaction and safeguard of lower variables for pro-social based on, such factors as a schoolmate relationship, the faculty relationship effected on the pro-social behavior in order. Also, between life satisfaction and help of lower variables for pro-social based on, such factors as the faculty relationship and a school event effected on the pro-social behavior in order. And, between life satisfaction and cooperating of lower variables for pro-social based on, such factors as a ruleobservance effected on the pro-social behavior in order. And, between life satisfaction and response of lower variables for pro-social based on, such factors as a schoolmate relationship effected on the pro-social behavior in order. Final, between life satisfaction and kindly of lower variables for pro-social based on, such factors as a college life, faculty relationship, a school event effected on the pro-social behavior in order.

유아의 문제행동과 인지처리능력, 자아존중감, 정서실행능력, 친사회성, 자기조절력 간의 관계성 분석

지성애(Chi, Sung-Ae) 한국영유아교원교육학회 2018 유아교육학논집 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구는 유아 문제행동과 인지처리능력, 자아존중감, 정서실행능력, 친사회성 그리고 자기조절력 간의 관계성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 유치원에 재원중인 유아 200명이었으며, K-BASC-II, KABC-Ⅱ, 자아존중감검사, 친사회성검사, 정서실행능력검사 그리고 자기조절력검사를 사용하여 연구자료를 수집하였고, 수집한 연구자료는 Pearson 상관과 Stepwise 중다회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 유아의 외현화문제행동과 인지처리능력, 자아존중감, 친사회성과 자기조절력 간에는 부적상관이 있었으며, 내재화문제행동과 인지처리능력, 자아존중감, 친사회성과 자기조절력 간에도 부적상관이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 유아의 적응기술과 인지처리능력, 정서실행능력, 친사회성과 자기조절력 간에는 정적상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유아의 인지처리능력, 자아존중감, 정서실행능력, 친사회성과 자기조절력이 외현화문제행동에 미치는 영향력을 분석한 결과, 자기조절력이 외현화문제행동을 가장 강력하게 설명하는 예측변인으로 나타났으며, 친사회성이 외현화문제행동을 예측하는 추가변인으로 밝혀졌다. 내재화문제행동에 미치는 영향력을 분석한 결과, 자기조절력이 내재화문제행동을 가장 강력하게 예측하는 변인으로 나타났으며, 인지처리능력이 내재화문제행동을 추가적으로 설명하는 예측변인으로 밝혀졌다. 유아의 적응기술에 미치는 영향력을 분석한 결과, 자기조절력이 적응기술을 가장 강력하게 설명하는 정적 예측변인으로 나타났으며, 이어서 인지처리능력이 적응기술을 예측하는 추가적인 변인으로 밝혀졌다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among young children’s problem behavior and cognitive processes ability, self-esteem, hot-executive function, pro-social behavior, and self regulation ability. The subjects of this study were 200 children (69.73 months old on average, SD=10.51) who were attending kindergarten in K state. The research data were collected by Korean Behavior Assessment System for Children (K-BASC-II), Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC-II), Child’s Self-esteem’ task, Hot-executive function (Less is More Task, Sticker Search Task) task, Pro-social behavior task, and child’s self regulation task. The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and Step-wise multi regression using SPSS 20.0 program. The results of this study showed a negative correlation among externalizing problem behavior, cognitive processes ability, self-esteem, pro-social behavior, and self regulation. Results also showed a negative correlation among internalizing problem behavior, cognitive process ability, self-esteem, pro-social behavior, and self regulation. Further, results revealed a positive correlation among adjustment skill, cognitive processes ability, hot-executive function, pro-social behavior, and self regulation. Moreover, when analyzing the effect of cognitive process ability, self-esteem, hot-executive function, pro-social behavior, and self regulation on young children’s externalizing problem behavior, it was found that self regulation predicted children’s externalizing problem behavior the most, and pro-social behavior was the additional variable. When analyzing the effect of those variables on young children’s internalizing problem behavior, it was found that self regulation predicted young children’s internalizing problem behavior the most, and cognitive process ability was the additional variable. When analyzing the effect of those variables on young children’s adjustment skills, it was found that self regulation predicted young children’s adjustment skills the most, and cognitive process ability was the additional variable.