스포츠 포토저널리즘에 대한 탐색적 연구 -조선일보에 실린 2014년 소치 동계올림픽 뉴스사진을 중심으로-

이소라 ( So Ra Lee ),양종훈 ( Jong Hoon Yang ) 한국사진학회 2015 AURA Vol.0 No.35

Sports is an important subject of photojournalism. News photos have become increasingly important in the era of images. In particular, sports is the special field because we can get information form sports news pictures without text. Nevertheless, the existing studies on sports photojournalism has been used as a secondary means to prove the ideology of News. The purpose of this study is to investigate the properties of the sports photojournalism itself. Research question is “How sports photos are published in newspaper?”- constituted three subconcept : format, content and description. I analyzed all of Sochi Olympic news photos(270) published in ChosunIlbo which is the largest newspaper in Korea. In the format, the average picture size was 10370.026㎟ and photos printed in color was 90.7%. Eye-level and medium shot were used a lot. This paper proved that sports is important subject of photojournalism. Photos printed in ChosunIlbo were mostly related with games. However, 17% pictures were like ID photos as a ‘wallpaper’. We can only know who they are through the photos. Athletes wearing sportswear were common in news photos. Only a few athletes had frequently appeared in the pictures. This means that newspapers were interested in the one of photojournalism values - prominence - too much. Players in the photos usually showed positive and passionate expression, which are easily transmitted to the reader. Angle, shots and characters were not various except the facial expression. In other words, sport is a visual target. However sports pictures in the newspapers were not taken variously.

미디어 환경 변화에 따른 정보 문화 콘텐츠 시각화 방안 연구 -디지털 포토저널리즘 중심으로-

김민정 ( Min Jung Kim ),박정기 ( Jeong Kee Park ) 서울과학기술대학교 과학문화전시디자인연구소 2014 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구는 미디어 환경 변화에 따른 정보 문화 콘텐츠의 시각화 방안에 관한 연구로 특히, 사용자의 몰입과 정보 소통을 위해 어떻게 인터랙션 요소들과 결합될 수 있는지에 관해 사례를 살펴보고 이에 사실적 기반의 디지털 포토저널리즘 콘텐츠의 커뮤니케이션향방을 모색해보는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 인터넷을 이용한 국내외 정보 D/B 및 논문과 단행본을 포함한 도서 등의 문헌조사를 바탕으로 하였으며, 사례 수집 및 분석을 위해서는 국내외 언론사 사이트가 사용되었다. 연구 내용 및 진행은 첫째, 포토저널리즘의 이해 차원에서 미디어 환경 변화에 따른 변화 양상에 대해 살펴보고 있다. 둘째, 사실적 이미지를 기반으로 한 정보 콘텐츠의 유용성에 대해 말하고 있다. 이를 통해 국내외 사실적 포토저널리즘 콘텐츠 유형현황을 주축으로 사용자 반응 및 대화형 요소가 가져다주는 영향을 도출하여 그 의미와 가치를 재탐색하고 있음을 발견한다. 결론적으로, 미디어 환경의 변화는 네트워크와 전송기술을 통해 능동적 사용자 개인화를 추구하고 있고, 보다 다층적 구조의 소통 방식으로의 향상을 꾀하고 있음을 알 수 있었다, 이에 사실적 정보 콘텐츠의 유용성에 의거, 정보 콘텐츠의 민주적 소통의 확대 도구로서 용이하다는 점으로 향후 인터랙티브 정보 콘텐츠 시각화 방안에 필요충분적 조건의 당위성으로 귀결하고 있다. This study is about the visualization plan for Info-culture contents according to the change of media environment. Especially, the goal of it is to analyze some cases for how digital photojournalism and interactive elements are combined for users` immersion and informational correspondence, and explore the direction of communication with using realistic photojournalism contents. The research method is as follows. The main method of this article is to review and analyze the data from Internet D/B in domestic and abroad, and variety of literatures including thesis, books, periodicals and the other publications. Some press websites of foreign and domestic are also used for collecting interactive cases. The contents and process in this study is below. At first, the changing shape of media environment is checked for understanding photojournalism. Secondly, the usability of information contents made with realistic photograph is searched. In turn, the meaning and value derived from responsive and interactive elements are reexamined and founded, which are based on the current situation about realistic photojournalism contents` type in domestic and foreign. Lastly, the study suggests that the transition of media environment allow personalization of active users through the network and transport technologies and improvement of multiple layered communication. Therefore, this research results in the appropriateness of necessary and sufficient condition about the visualization of interactive info-contents from now on because info-contents has expanded democratic communication based on focusing on the usefulness of it.

시민 제보 UCC의 영상저널리즘적 특성

이종수(Jongsoo Lee) SBS 2008 미디어경제와 문화 Vol.6 No.1

이 연구는 주류 방송사에서 활용하고 있는 시민 제보 UCC가 새로운 영상저널리즘의 한 형태로서 어떤 특성과 함의를 갖고 있는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 특히 이 연구에서는 뉴미디어 환경 속의 시민 제보 UCC가 기존의 영상저널리즘 전통과 어떤 연관성을 갖고 있는지, 표출적 미디어로서의 특성이 제보 UCC의 내용과 표현양식에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지를 중점적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 CNN <I-Report>에 대한 양적 내용분석과 질적 텍스트분석을 실시하였다. 분석대상은 2006년 8월-2007년 4월 사이에 매달 ‘최고의 I-Report’(Best I-Report)로 선정된 총 140편의 UCC이다. 내용분석 결과는 주제유형, 표현양식, 캡션 별로 논의하였다. 질적 텍스트 분석은 제보 UCC의 대표적 유형들에 나타난 영상미학적 특성들을 밝혀내고, 전통적 영상저널리즘과 어떤 차별성과 공통점이 있는지를 중심으로 논의하였다. 분석결과를 종합하면, 제보 UCC는 전통적 영상저널리즘보다 즉각성, 개인성, 사회적 친교성 등을 강조하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이러한 UCC의 영상저널리즘적 특성들이 갖고 있는 사회문화적 함의를 논의하였다. This study considers the user-generated content(or citizen-generated images) submitted to the major news corporation as a new kind of photojournalism in the age of digital networked journalism. This study examines concerns how the photojournalism utilizing UGC differ from the traditional photojournalism, and how the new media aesthetics of UGC influence the content and visual modes of new photojournalism. In order to find out the major characteristics and principle elements of new photojournalism using UGC, this study examines the CNN <I-Report>. By employing the method of quantitative content analysis and qualitative textual analysis, this study analyzes the 140 episodes of the CNN’s <BestI-Reports> from August 2006 to April 2007. All episodes are closely examined in terms of themes, expressive modes, captions and visual aesthetics. This study finds UGC photojournalism emphasizes ‘immediacy,’ ‘personalization’ and ‘social connectiveness.’ These characteristics are explained in relation to the media aesthetics of UGC as the ‘presentational media.’ In conclusion, this study discusses socio-cultural implication of the emerging properties of UGC in an increasingly interconnected digital media culture.

포토저널리즘의 에크프라시스에 관한 연구

정일형 ( Il Hyoung Chung ) 한국사진학회 2015 AURA Vol.0 No.34

There is a concept of “Ekphrasis” in old rhetoric. Ekphrasis defined as the verbal representation of visual representation. And this concept was further developed in digital era. Then this study attempt to expand the concept of ekphrasis to digital photojournalism. We often say that the caption is not separated with photos. So, this study tries to connect with ekphrasis and caption of photojournalism. Of course, a lot of lacking in the early stages of research. But, I have an expectation that the study of photojournalism more activated from this study.

논문 : 매체사진(Photojournalism)의 사회적 권력과 애국적 상징성 표현에 관한 연구

조대연 ( Dae Yeon Cho ) 한국사진학회 2006 AURA Vol.0 No.15

This dissertation addresses the degree to which social power and influence have been linked with the photographic medium since its invention 160 years ago until present day by use of historical analysis and examples. When a photographer takes a picture- rightly or wrongly- he is granted power over that aspect of the world he has captured within that picture. He has taken a piece of the world and captured it for all time, but at the same time he has selectively chosen what piece he will capture, thereby linking his will to the image captured. When the photographer understands the relationship between knowledge (as represented by the photograph) and power, it represents a way of asserting control, however temporary, over an object. The photograph controls the way in which the viewer sees an object in a blatant wresting of control of that object`s existence. Despite what many may believe, photographs are far from simple transparent and serene images of the world, but in fact conceal within themselves an ideological perspective with a hidden potential for abuses of their original meanings through scientific methods. The relationship between photographs and history thinned out as the photograph gained wide awareness and began to anchoritself as a form of cultural emblem. In addition, it was inevitable that as photographs without a specific focus and emphasis of dramatic forms appeared that those which did have purpose would become lost in the sea of more general photography. In this context, the photograph ultimately had no option except to be absorbed into the process of symbolization and became less and less a means of recording history. From a long-term perspective, photographs may not be as important as the values and context a society holds and the leadership of those who hold power. The important variableis the question of the existence throughout the society of the recognition of the mass that the clear examination of policy and system are ``valuable`` prior to the production of the image. Also, the extreme trends of symbolization, as shown by modern use of the photographic medium, will be understood in the future to not have been a method of historical record keeping, but to have been a method for classifying symbolic images.

사진, 비디오 복합 취재 방식에 대한 사진 기자들의 인식에 관한 연구

김성민 현대사진영상학회 2011 현대사진영상학회논문집 Vol.14 No.-

This thesis studies how Korean photojournalists recognize mixed-media news coverage of still photography and video for the multimedia environment. The researcher conducted a survey and an in-depth interview to see their overall understanding of multimedia news coverage for today and the future, and to check their level of skills in video and audio news coverage. Most of respondents agreed with the need for the education and adoption of multimedia news coverage skills including video recording and editing for future photojournalism. Some disagreed with the need because photojournalists cannot focus on their own still photography shooting job when they do too many things at the same time. Concerning the need of multimedia education for the photography major students at the college level, 75.8% photojournalists agreed. 65.5% respondents saw the mixture multimedia contents of still photography and video as the future format for newspapers. Many reporters asserted that professional multimedia education for photojournalists are mostly needed to keep up with the new trend.

포토저널리즘 미학의 특징 분석 - 중국“화싸이(華賽)”수상작을 중심으로 -

무굉 ( Mu Hong ) 한국사진학회 2018 AURA Vol.0 No.40

With the establishment of news photography commercial issues have become increasingly prominent, news photography aesthetics and the public for a general increase in news photography aesthetic demand, the research of photojournalistic aesthetics has become one of the focuses in the field of photojournalism. As a kind of image culture, news pictures enlarge the aesthetic subject and promote the whole aesthetic consciousness, but also bring a series of cultural and ecological crisis. Press the Pulitzer prize for news photography with its rich content and special art form covers all aspects of human life "in aesthetics and culture from the perspective of micro reveal the suffering root of the award reflected in the limitation of human beings, and to reflect human suffering in unity in the. This article from the news photography aesthetics, the Pulitzer prize for news photography as samples to analyze the communication of aesthetic information, conduct the research from the characteristics of the aesthetic information and aesthetic information dissemination angle, and from the news photography and reality interactive aspects of news photography and aesthetic information dissemination, and the world. In this paper, the method of case analysis is used to analyze the communication of aesthetic information.

포토저널리즘 사진과 캡션의 의미작용에 대한 연구

정홍기 한국언론정보학회 2002 한국언론정보학보 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구는 하나의 주제를 다룬 다섯 장의 사진과 캡션을 통해, 포토저널리즘의 구성단위인 사진과 글에 대한 수용자의 해독양상을 분석한 것이다. 본 논문의 연구방법은 민속지학적 방법과 의미분별법을 사용하였다. 분석은 기호의 의미작용과 해독의 의미작용을 분리시켜, 기호와 해독의 관계를 고찰할 수 있는 기호학적 방법론을 채택하였다. 위와 같은 방법을 통해 연구자는 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫번째, 하나의 의미로 고정되지 않고 다의성을 띤 사진이미지에 캡션이 첨가됨으로 수용자의 해독에 변화가 있었다. 두번째, 해독에 있어 수용자의 문화적 배경이 중요한 번수로 작용했다. 세번째, 포토저널리즘 영역에서 사진만으로는 사실을 재현하기 어렵다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉 수용자의 문화적 코드를 바탕으로 한글이 들어감으로써, 포토저널리스트와 수용자간의 보다 성공적인 커뮤니케이션이 이루어졌다. 본 논문에서 연구자는 표토저널리스트가 재현한 현실과 그것을 해독하는 수용지간의 커뮤니케이션의 과정을 보여주고자 했고, 이것이 성공적인 커뮤니케이션을 위한 기본 전제에 대한 고찰이 되었으면 하는 바램이다. This is a study about the audience's aspect of decoding the photography and words comprising photojournalism. For this study, the way of audience's decoding five pictures depicting a foreign worker's death and the captions for each were analyzed. Ethnographic method was used to find distinctive features of the audiences in decoding the pictures. Picture images without any title and caption shown to audiences bring quite different decodings from those of picture images titled and captioned. This led to the following three conclusions. First, picture image added by caption transforms the way the audience decode. Second, the cultural background of an audience works as a major variable, which means how the audience decode the picture image depends on what sort of cultural background the audience has. Third, it is also learned that picture image not captioned would not be able to represent the reality faithfully. The author made an experimental trial in this thesis how the communication process works successfully in a reality that photojournalists tried to represent and the way the audience decode it for the successful communication in photojournalism.

보도사진 감상을 통한 비판적 사고력 신장 방안 - 초등학교 고학년을 중심으로 -

이슬기(LEE Seul ki),류재만(RYU Jae man) 한국미술교육학회 2017 美術敎育論叢 Vol.31 No.3

본 연구는 초등학교 학습자를 대상으로 보도사진 감상을 통하여 비판적 사고력을 신장 시키는 방안에 대한 연구이다. 시각 문화 환경에서 중요한 소통 도구인 사진매체 중 학습자의 삶을 반영하는 보도사진을 중심으로 사진 기호학적 관점에 따라 수업을 적용하였다. 비판적 사고력은 이미지가 범람하는 현대 사회에서 요구되는 핵심 역량으로서 미술 교육적 관점에서 구성 요소를 추출한 후 질적 연구 방법으로 분석하여 삼각검증법에 따라 교육적 효과를 도출하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 학습자의 사회문제 인식능력과 비판적 사고 기능 및 성향이 사실적, 논리적, 이념적 차원에서 고루 향상되었으며 사진이미지에 대한 감상 능력 및 흥미가 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 미래지향적 미술 교육은 삶의 맥락을 반영하며 시각적 대상을 비판적으로 감상할 수 있도록 비판적 사고력을 신장시켜야 한다. The modern society is filled with various visual culture. Photography is one of the most significant aesthetic object and communication tool. Critical thinking is an important capability in modern society filled with images. This study aims to develop the teaching method to improve critical thinking through photojournalism appreciation for the elementary upper graders. The study was a execution research based on qualitative study, which collected various data based on triangulation and analyzed the results. The study results are as below. First, the learners ability to recognize social problem improved through appreciating news photographs. Second, the thinking ability and tendency about realistic, logical, ideological level of critical thinking was improved through appreciating news photographs. Third, the learners ability and interest to appreciating photographic image was improved through appreciating news photographs. Art education corresponding to post modernism society must actualize education in the lives of learners, and must instruct them to think critically about the visual subject from various points of view.

신문 1면 사진에 나타난 한국 포토저널리즘의 변화 경향

이종수(Jong-soo Lee) 한국언론학회 2003 한국언론학보 Vol.47 No.2

Technology, market competition, and cultural environment are known to have changed the practice and content of photojournalism. To determine the trend of Korean photojournalism given the rapid changes in newspaper organization, this study examined the news photos on the front pages of three major newspapers from 1980 to 2000. Through content analysis, the size, subjects of contents, representative conventions, and sources of news photos were checked. Results revealed a trend of larger photos, more diversified subjects of photos, and increasing use of expressive, human interest mode of representation. Such trend was discussed vis-a-vis various contextual factors such as the increasing market competition, introduction of digital technology, and expansion of visual culture. In particular, this study demonstrated that the major, although not the only, source of such change was the increasing market competition.