Optimal Allocation Heuristic Method of Military Engineering Equipments during Artillery Position Construction Operation

Se Hwan Park(박세환),Moon Gul Lee(이문걸) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2017 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.40 No.1

Artillery fire power due to effectiveness which is hard to predict well-planned and surprising attack can give a fear and shock to the personnel and is a very core weapon system and takes a critical role in wartime. Therefore in order to maximize operational effectiveness, Army required protecting artillery and takes a quick attack action through rapid construction of artillery’s positions. The artillery use artillery’s position to prevent exposure by moving to other position frequently. They have to move and construct at new artillery’s positions quickly against exposing existed place by foe’s recognition. These positions should be built by not manpower but engineering construction equipment. Because artillery positions have to protect human and artillery equipment well and build quickly. Military engineering battalion have lots of construction equipment which include excavator, loader, dozer, combat multi-purposed excavator, armored combat earthmover dump truck and so on. So they have to decide to optimal number of Team combining these equipments and determine construction sequence of artillery’s position in operational plan. In this research, we propose to decide number of Team efficiently and allocate required construction’s positions for each Team under constraints of limited equipments and time. To do so, we develop efficient heuristic method which can give near optimal solution and be applied to various situation including commander’s intention, artillery position’s priority or grouping etc. This heuristic can support quick and flexible construction plan of artillery positions not only for using various composition’s equipment to organize Teams but also for changing quantity of positions.

개구부를 가지는 실내의 능동소음제어시스템의 최적 트랜스듀서 위치

백광현 한국소음진동공학회 2004 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Optimal transducer positions are important as much as the control algorithms and hardware performance in the active noise control system. This study is similar to the past researches on the optimal transducer locations but with a far field noise source having a plane wave characteristic and the noise coming through an opening such as a window in an enclosure. Optimization techniques are used to find sets of optimal loudspeaker positions from a larger possible loudspeaker positions. Loudspeakers are placed on the surface of opening at the wall and inside of the enclosure. Using the measured acoustic transfer impedances and numerical simulations with the optimization technique, optimal positions are identified and compared. When a small number of loudspeakers are used. loudspeaker positions on the opening near the center seems to be the best place, but when a larger number of loudspeakers are used it was difficult to find simple patterns in the optimal positions. With the optimally positioned loudspeakers, optimal microphone positions are also studied.

공기역학적 성능 향상을 위한 플랩의 최적 위치 선정

강형민(H.M. Kang),박영민(Y.M. Park),김철완(C.W. Kim),이창호(C.H. Lee) 한국전산유체공학회 2013 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The selection of the optimal position of the flap was performed in order to improve the aerodynamic performance during the take-off and landing processes of aircraft. For this, the existing airfoils of the main wing and flap are selected as the baseline model and the lift coefficients (cl) according to angle of attacks (AOA) were calculated with the change of the position of flap airfoil. The objective function was defined as the consideration of the maximum cl, lift to drag ratio and cl at certain AOA. Then, at 121 experimental points within 20mm×20mm domain, two dimensional flow simulations with Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model were performed concerning the AOA from 0 to 15 degree. If the optimal position was located at the domain boundary, the domain moved to the optimal position. These processes were iterated until the position was included in the inside of the domain. From these processes, the flow separation at low AOA was removed and cl increased linearly comparing with that of the baseline model.

인공지능 기법에 의한 최적 운항자세 선정에 관한 연구

박동우 해양환경안전학회 2023 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.29 No.6

The selection technique for optimal operation position selection technique is used to present the initial bow and stern draft with minimum resistance, for achievingthat is, the optimal fuel consumption efficiency at a given operating displacement and speed. The main purpose of this studypaper is to develop a program to select the optimal operating position with maximum energy efficiency under given operating conditions based on the effective power data of the target ship. This program was written as a Python-based GUI (Graphic User Interface) usingbased on artificial intelligence techniques sucho that ship owners could easily use the GUIit. In the process, tThe introduction of the target ship, the collection of effective power data through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the learning method of the effective power model using deep learning, and the program for presenting the optimal operation position using the deep neural network (DNN) model were specifically explained. Ships are loaded and unloaded for each operation, which changes the cargo load and changes the displacement. The shipowners wants to know the optimal operating position with minimum resistance, that is, maximum energy efficiency, according to the given speed of each displacement. The developed GUI can be installed on the ship's tablet PC and application and used to determineselect the optimal operating position. 최적 운항자세 선정 기술이란 주어진 운항 배수량과 운항 선속에서 최소의 저항을 가지는 즉, 최적의 연료 소비 효율을 가지는 초기 선수흘수와 선미흘수를 제시하는 것이다. 본 논문의 주 목적은 대상선박의 유효동력 데이터를 기반으로 주어진 운항조건에서 최대의 에너지효율을 가지는 최적의 운항자세를 선정하는 프로그램 개발하는 것이다. 본 프로그램은 인공지능 기법에 의한 파이썬 기반 GUI(Graphical User Interface)로 작성되어 선주가 쉽게 사용할 수 있도록 하였다. 그 과정에 있어 대상 선박 소개, 전산유체역학(CFD)을 통한 유효동력 데이터 수집, 심층학습을 사용한 유효동력 모델 학습 방법 그리고 심층신경망(DNN) 모델을 응용한 최적 운항자세 제시 프로그램을 구체적으로 설명하였다. 선박은 운항 별로 화물을 싣고 내리게 되고, 이에 화물 적재량이 변화되고 배수량이 변경된다. 선주는 배수량 별 예상 선속에 따라 최소저항을 가지는 즉, 최대의 에너지효율을 가지는 최적의 운항자세를 알고자 한다. 개발된 GUI는 해당선박의 태블릿 PC와 앱에 설치하여 최적 운항자세 선정에 활용 가능하다.

낙관성/비관성, 문제해결평가 및 정적/부적 감정 간의 관계 검증

이희경 한국건강심리학회 2008 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구에서는 개인의 스트레스 대처방식이 낙관성과 다양한 적응지표 간의 관계를 매개한다는 선행연구를 바탕으로 개인이 문제 상황을 어떻게 지각하는가, 즉 문제해결평가의 세 요인(문제해결 자신감, 접근-회피 양식, 및 개인의 통제감)이 각각 낙관성과 정서 경험(정적 감정 및 부적 감정)의 관계 및 비관성과 정서 경험(정적 감정 및 부적 감정)을 차별적으로 매개하는지 검증하였다. 심리학 관련 학회의 하계수련회에 참석한 성인 152명(여자 127명)이 응답한 설문자료를 Anderson과 Gerbing(1988)이 제안한 2단계 구조방정식 절차에 따라 분석한 결과, 낙관성의 경우 문제해결에 대한 자신감과 개인의 통제감은 낙관성과 정서 경험 사이를 부분적으로 매개하지만 접근-회피 양식의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았다. 이에 반해 비관성의 경우에는 문제해결 평가의 세요인 모두에서 부분적으로 매개효과가 나타났다. 이는 낙관성이 높은 경우는 문제 상황에 대한 접근-회피가 즉각적으로 이루어지지 않는데 반해, 비관성이 높은 경우는 문제 상황을 회피하는 경향이 있고 이것이 부적 감정 경험을 억제하는 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. This study examined whether the three aspects of problem-solving appraisal mediate the link from optimism to both positive and negative affects as well as the link from pessimism to both positive and negative affects, respectively. A total of 152(127 women) adults completed the research packet including measures of the Life Orientation Test-Revised, Problem-Solving Inventory, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The study results from structural equation modeling suggested that (a) as for optimism, problem-solving confidence(PSC) and personal control(PC) significantly mediated some of the link between optimism and either positive or negative affect, but no mediation effect was found for approach-avoidance style(AAS), and (b) as for pessimism, the mediating effect was significant for all of the three dimensions of problem-solving appraisal(PSC, AAS, and PC). Discussion focused on a potentially differential mechanism by which optimism and pessimism lead to positive and negative affects.

유아의 기질과 어머니의 양육태도가 유아의 낙관성에 미치는 효과: 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현을 매개로

손상희 ( Sang Hee Son ),유연옥 ( Youn Oak Yu ) 미래유아교육학회 2014 미래유아교육학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 유아의 기질, 어머니의 양육태도가 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현을 매개로 유아의 낙관성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 만 5세 유아와 그들의 어머니 144명을 대상으로 하였으며, 유아에게는 낙관성 검사를 어머니에게는 어머니 정서표현, 유아 기질, 어머니 양육태도에 대한 설문을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 경로분석과 Sobel 검증법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아의 기질인 적응성, 기분상태, 반응강도와 어머니의 온정/애정적인 양육태도는 어머니의 긍정적인 정서표현에, 유아의 기질 중 반응강도와 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현은 유아의 낙관성중 심리적 특질에, 어머니의 온정/애정적인 양육태도와 긍정적인 정서표현은 유아의 낙관성중 생물적 특질에 직접적인 효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현을 매개로 하여 유아의 기질 중 적응성, 기분상태, 반응강도와 어머니의 온정/애정적인 양육태도가 유아의 낙관성인 심리적인 특질과 생물적인 특질에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과와 논의를 통해 유아의 낙관성을 고려할 때 어머니의 긍정적 정서표현이 유아의 기질과 어머니의 양육태도를 매개하는 주요한 요인임을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of mother`s positive emotional expression when looking at the effects of young children`s temperament and maternal parenting attitude effect on young children`s optimism. The subjects consisted of 144 five-year-old children and their mothers. For data collection, children`s optimism test and their mothers completed questionnaires on the emotional expression, their child temperament, and maternal parenting attitude. Data were analyzed using path analysis and the Sobel test. The results of this study were as follows: First, adaptability, quality of mood and threshold of responsiveness of children`s temperament, and warmth/affection of maternal parenting attitude directly affected the mother``s positive emotional expression. The threshold of responsiveness of young children``s temperament and mother`s positive emotional expression directly affected the psychological trait of young children`s optimism. Moreover, the result indicated that the mother`s warmth/affection of parenting attitude and positive emotional expression directly affected the biological trait of young children`s optimism. Second, the effects of adaptability, quality of mood, threshold of responsiveness of young children`s temperament and warmth/affection of maternal parenting attitude on the psychological and biological traits of young children`s optimism were mediated by mother`s positive emotional expression. The results of this study indicated that mother`s positive emotional expression mediated the effects of young children`s temperament and maternal parenting attitude on young children`s optimism.

공병 장비의 최적할당을 위한 수리모형 및 휴리스틱 알고리즘

박종복(Jongbok Park),안남수(Namsu Ahn) 한국산학기술학회 2020 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.21 No.4

육군의 공병은 여러 장비를 이용하여 다양한 작전을 수행 중이며, 대표적인 군사작전 분야로는 포병 진지구축 지원이 있다. 포병은 아군의 후방에서 화력으로 적의 중심을 타격하는 임무를 수행하며, 이때 사격 위치 노출 방지를 위해 한 진지에서 여러 차례 사격 후 진지를 반드시 이동해야 함에 따라 제한된 수의 장비를 효율적으로 운용하여 다수의 진지를 신속히 구축하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 진지 구축시 제약조건을 반영하여, 공병장비-팀(작업)-진지간 최적할당이 가능한 수리모형과 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 제시하고 이에 대한 실험결과를 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 최적화 수리모형은 작은 크기의 문제에서는 최적해를 도출하나, 실제 공병대대 및 여단 규모의 장비배치 문제에서는 최적해 도출에 장시간이 소요되는 한계가 존재함에 따라, 수리모형 기반의 휴리스틱 역시 제안하였다. 해당 휴리스틱은 1단계에서 수리 모형의 일부 변수의 정수제약 조건을 완화하고 할당에 대한 최적해를 구하고, 해당 해를 원 수리모형에 추가하여 최종 해를 구하는 형태로 설계하였다. 이러한 휴리스틱은 최적해의 도출은 보장하지는 못하나 문제의 크기가 커져도 빠른 시간에 해를 도출할 수 있었다. The Army"s engineers are carrying out a range of operations using various equipment, of which, artillery unit support is the representative engineering operation field. The main task of the artillery unit is to attack the enemy"s center with firepower from the rear of a friendly force. The artillery must move its original position after firing several times to prevent exposure of the shooting position. This paper proposed a mathematical model and heuristic algorithm that can be used to determine the optimal allocation among engineer equipment, the team (work), and position while reflecting the constraints of the construction of an artillery position. The model proposed in this paper derived the optimal solution for the small size problems, but it takes a long time to derive the optimal solution for the problem of equipment placement of the engineer battalion and brigade scale. Although the heuristic suggested in this study does not guarantee the optimal solution, the solution could be obtained in a reasonable amount of time.

웨지 와이어를 이용한 선박용 필터 스크린 제작을 위한 최적 지지 위치 및 안정성 판단

손인수 ( In-soo Son ),서병석 ( Byung-seok Seo ) 한국산업융합학회 2022 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

In this study, the optimal support position determination and stability determination of the wedge wire screen were performed for the production of the wedge wire filter screen with improved mesh screen. In order to manufacture a filter screen using a wedge wire, the support rod wedge wire is first installed according to the filtering capacity, and then spot welding is performed while rotating the profile wire. In the existing manufacturing method, it was manufactured using a 3m rod wedge wire and then cut according to dimensions, but it required the manufacture of a 6m cylindrical screen. Due to the increase in wedge wire length, it is difficult to manufacture stress concentration at sagging and fixed positions. In order to shorten the time of analysis, a single wedge wire was applied instead of a plurality of wedge wires. The reliability and validity of the interpretation were presented and the results were derived. After selecting the support point at the 2m position, structural analysis was performed on the entire filter screen to confirm stability. The purpose of this study is to identify the maximum deflection of the wire for the production of a 6m wedge wire screen and secure design basic data so that it can work safely through optimal support.

Optimal Seat and Footrest Positions of Manual Standing Wheelchair

유제성,손종상,조민,최은경,안순재,김신기,김영호 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.18 No.6

A standing wheelchair is highly recommended to an individual suffering from secondary complications due to long-term sitting in a standard wheelchair. However, the newly-designed standing wheelchair has hand rims separate from the wheels, likely affecting the biomechanical characteristics and the efficiency of propulsion. The objectives of this dissertation were aimed to propose a method to determine the optimal riding position by evaluating energy expenditure during manual standing wheelchair propulsion. Ten elderly male subjects were asked to propel the hand rims with nine different seat (while sitting) and footrest (while standing) positions. During the experiments, kinematic and kinetic data were simultaneously obtained using a 3D motion capture system and a brake-type wheelchair dynamometer, respectively. Upper-limb joint torques and total propulsion energy were determined using a planar link-segment model with the optimization technique based on minimal joint torque criteria. Shorter subjects had the lowest total propulsion energy expenditure in the downward-forward and middle-forward positions, while closest to the hand rims. However, taller subjects had the lowest total propulsion energy expenditure in the downward-center and middle-center positions, while a little further from the hand rims. We believe that these methods and results will be helpful in assessing the adequacy of the riding position of various types of wheelchair.

A Review of Parameters for Improving the Performance of Particle Swarm Optimization

보안공학연구지원센터(IJHIT) 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.4

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an artificial intelligence (AI) technique that can be used to find approximate solutions to extremely difficult or impossible numeric maximization and minimization problems. Particle swarm optimization is an optimization method. It is an optimization algorithm, which is based on swarm intelligence. Optimization problems are widely used in different fields of science and technology. Sometimes such problems can be complex due to its practical nature. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a stochastic algorithm used for optimization. It is a very good technique for the optimization problems. But still there is a drawback that it gets stuck in local minima. To improve the performance of PSO, the researchers have proposed some variants of PSO. Some researchers try to improve it by improving the initialization of swarm. Some of them introduced new parameters like constriction coefficient and inertia weight. Some define different methods of the inertia weight to improve performance of PSO and some of them work on the global and local best. This paper transplants some of the parameters used to enhance the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization technique.