운동선수의 월경곤란증이 월경주기에 따른 난소 및 스트레스호르몬 농도에 미치는 영향

권영우 ( Young Woo Kwon ),박승한 ( Seung Han Park ),류호상 ( Ho Sang Yoo ),이종삼 ( Jong Sam Lee ),양승환 ( Sung Hwan Yang ),오광진 ( Kwang Jin Oh ),김진해 ( Jin Hae Kim ),어수주 ( Su Ju Eo ),김진형 ( Jin Heung Kim ),권광선 ( Kwan 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2005 체육과학연구 Vol.16 No.4

이 연구는 운동선수의 월경곤란증이 생리주기(월경기, 분비기)에 따라 난소호르몬(estrogen, progesterone)과 스트레스호르몬 (cortisol, catecholamines에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위한 것이다. 실험대상자는 21명을 대상으로 월경곤란증의 선수군(n=7), 월경곤란증이 없는 선수군(n=7), 대조군으로 월경곤란증이 없는 일반인 (n=7)으로 구성하였다. 분석결과 난소호르몬의 경우 전체적으로 월경기에 비하여 분비기 높은 수치를 보였으며(p<.001), 집단에 따른 차이는 없었다. 스트레스 호르몬인 cortisol과 epinephrine은 생리주기와 집단에 따른 차이나 변화가 없었다. 그렇지만 norepinephrine의 경우 월경곤란증을 가진 선수군의 월경기 수치가 분비기 수치보다 유의하게 낮았으며, 월경곤란증이 없는 선수군의 월경기 수치보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<.05). 이상의 결과를 요약하면 난소호르몬은 집단에 따른 차이나 변화가 없었으나, 스트레스 호르몬인 norepinephrine의 경우 월경기의 수치가 낮게 나타났다. 보다 명확한 연구의 구명을 위해서는 운동중과 운동형태와 강도, 월경곤란증 정도에 따른 추가적인 연구가 요망된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dysmenorrhea on the circulating concentration of ovarian hormone (estrogen, progesterone), cortisol and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) during menstrual cycle in athletes. Twelve one females participated in this investigation and composed of athletic group with- and without dysmenorrhea (n=7, respectively), without dysmenorrhea (n=7) and non-athletic control group without dysmenorrhea (n=7). Venous blood sample was obtained during menstrual- and secretory phase. Blood ovarian hormone concentration was significantly increased during secretory phase compared to menstrual phase in all group, but there were no differences among groups. Blood cortisol and epinephrine concentration did not show any change with menstrual cycle also there were no differences among groups. Blood norepinephrine concentration was significantly decreased during menstrual phase compared to secretory phase in athletic group with dysmenorrhea but athletic group without dysmenorrhea and control group did not show any significant change with menstrual cycle. Stress hormone did not show any significant change in all group during menstrual cycle except norepinephrine which revealed significant decrease in menstrual phase compared to secretory phase on athletic group with dysmenorrhea. In conclusion dysmenorrhea can not effect ovarian hormone during menstrual cycle but partially influenced to stress hormone. Further study needed to elucidate the exact mechanism of those hormone about dysmenorrhea related to the degree of dysmenorrhea and correlation between ovarian and stress hormone.

테이핑 기법에 따른 가임기 여성의 월경통, 월경 증상 및 체온에 미치는 영향 비교

이은진,박재명,인태성,정경심 대한정형도수물리치료학회 2023 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of taping techniques on menstrual pain, body temperature, and menstrual symptoms in women of reproductive age. Methods: This study targeted 40 female students enrolled at G university with menstrual pain rated above 5 on the visual analog scale (VAS). The participants were randomly assigned to four groups: the Kinesio taping, spiral taping, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and control groups. The intervention was applied one day after the onset of menstruation, and menstrual pain, menstrual symptoms, and body temperature were measured before the intervention and 24 hours after the intervention application. We measured menstrual pain using the VAS. Additionally, we evaluated menstrual symptoms using the menstruation symptom scale and measured body temperature of the abdomen and feet using digital infrared thermal imaging. Results: After the intervention, all three experimental groups showed significant improvement in menstrual pain and menstrual symptoms compared to the control group, and there was no significant difference among the three groups. After applying Kinesio taping, there was a slight decrease in the temperature difference between the abdomen and feet, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that kisesio and spiral taping have similar effects as with anti-inflammatory medication in relieving menstrual pain and menstrual symptoms. Taping can be considered as an effective method to replace medications in order to alleviate menstrual pain.

Use of Menstrual Sanitary Products in Women of Reproductive Age: Korea Nurses’ Health Study

Choi Hansol,Lim Nam-Kyoo,Jung Heeja,Kim Oksoo,Park Hyun-Young 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.1

Objectives The use of menstrual hygiene products and its effect on women’s health remains under studied. Patterns of menstrual hygiene product use and the rationale behind choices among Korean women aged 18–45 years were examined. Methods This cross-sectional study was a part of the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. A total of 20,613 nurses participated, and 8,658 nurses participated in Module 7 which included a menstrual hygiene products-related survey. The data were collected through the mobile survey using a self-reported questionnaire. Participants’ use of menstrual hygiene products and related characteristics were analyzed using frequency (percentage) or mean (SD). Results The most common types of menstrual hygiene products across all age groups were disposable menstrual pads (89.0%), followed by cloth menstrual pads (4.5%), tampons (4.2%), and only 1.6% used a menstrual cup. Disposable menstrual pads were the most common across all age groups, but in those aged under 30 years this was followed by tampon use (6%). The most important criteria when choosing a menstrual hygiene product was comfort for disposable menstrual pads (31.3%) and tampons (41.5%), natural ingredients or organic products for cloth menstrual pads (51.4%), and custom fit for the menstrual cup (50.7%). However, for all menstrual hygiene products (except cloth menstrual pads), there was a higher proportion of anxiety than perception of safety, and low awareness of toxic shock syndrome. Conclusion It is important for women to use menstrual hygiene products with confidence. More research is needed to better understand potential health effects of menstrual hygiene products.

지역사회 가임기 여성의 생리대 사용 조사

단현주,정희자 국제문화기술진흥원 2023 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.9 No.6

This study is a descriptive study to identify the patterns of use of menstrual sanitary products among community women of childbearing age. The participants were 1,571 women between the ages of 19 and 40, and data collection was conducted through online and mobile surveys from September 2020 to August 2021. As a result, 88.9% of the participants were using disposable menstrual pad, 5.6% tampons, 3.1% cloth menstrual pad, and followed by others(2.4%), including menstrual cups. The differences of type of menstrual sanitary products according to general characteristics showed significant in age(p=.006), marital status(p=.005), education level(p=.002), annual salary(p=.018), experience of pregnancy(p=.036), and menstrual regularity(p=.022). More than half of the participants(53.8%) responded that cloth menstrual pads were ‘very safe’ or ‘safe,’ but 27.9% and 20.1% of disposable menstrual pads and tampons, respectively. The difference in menstrual distress according to the type of menstrual sanitary products showed that tampon users had a higher menstrual discomfort score for the most recent menstruation(F=4.092, p=.017) and 4 days before menstruation(F=4.178, p=.016) than users of disposable menstrual pad or cloth menstrual pad. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously investigate the use of menstrual sanitary products by women of childbearing age and its relationship with reproductive health.

아로마테라피가 여대생의 생리통 및 월경곤란증에 미치는 효과 : A Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

한선희,노유자,허맹행 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This study was designed to verify the effect of aromatherapy on menstrual cramps and dysmenorrhea by a quasi experiment (nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design), from March to October, 2000. The subjects of this experiment consisted of 45 college women with menstrual cramps and dysmenorrhea. They were randomized by 25 for the experimental group and 20 for the control group. Their mean age was 20.6 years, mean menstrual period 28.7 days, mean menstrual cramps(VAS) 7.25, mean dysmenorrhea (Dysmenorrhea Scale) was 27.34. As treatment, aromatherapy was to give effleurrage of the abdomen with lavender, clary sage and rose as aroma oil, almond oil as carrier oil. For the control group, abdominal massage was given with only almond oil. Data collection included menstrual cramps, dysmenorrhea, the change of symptoms(low abdominal pain, lumbago headache, nausea, fatigue, edema). Menstrual cramps, dysmenorrhea and general, menstrual characteristics of subjects were measured the first day of the pre menstrual period before treatment (pre-test), menstrual cramps, dysmenorrhea, the change of symptoms were measured the first and second day of post menstrual period after treatment (posttest). Data were analyzed by t-test. χ2 - test, repeated measures ANOYA, Cronbach's α with SAS Program. The results of this study was as follows ; 1.Menstrual cramps was significantly lower in the experimental group(p = .001). 2.Dysmenorrhea was significantly lower in the experimental group(p = .027). 3.Less women in the experimental group complained about the six symptoms than women in the control group after treatment on the first day of the menstrual period(p〈 0.05. p 〈 0.01) In conclusion, these findings indicate that aromatherapy with lavender, clary sage, and rose could be effective to decrease menstrual cramps, and dysmenorrhea. So, aromatherapy could be applied to women suffering with menstrual cramps, dysmenorrhea periodically as an nursing intervention.

Symptom Aggravation in Restless Legs Syndrome during Menstrual Cycle

황성은,신용원,정기영 대한수면연구학회 2019 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.16 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to confirm restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptom aggravation during menstrual period and verify factors related to symptom aggravation. Methods: A total of 20 premenopausal female RLS patients were classified into two groups according to symptom aggravation during menstrual period (menstrual RLS group and non-menstrual RLS group). They answered a questionnaire including duration and quantity of menstruation, other medical conditions, and premenstrual syndrome symptoms. Laboratory tests including iron panel and hemoglobin levels were done. Results: Six out of 20 patients (30%) complained of symptom aggravation during menstrual period. RLS symptoms were aggravated by 40±33.47% compared to non-menstrual period in menstrual RLS group. One patient was taking additional medication for aggravated symptoms. Menstrual duration, quantity of menstrual bleeding showed no difference between menstrual RLS and non-menstrual RLS groups. On laboratory tests, two patients from non-menstrual RLS group were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Serum iron levels, total iron binding capacity, serum iron saturation, and serum ferritin levels did not show difference between the two groups, while hemoglobin levels were significantly lower (13.8 vs. 12.4 g/dL) in non-menstrual RLS group (p=0.044). Conclusions: RLS symptoms aggravate during menstrual period in 30% of premenopausal RLS patients. Low ferritin levels were not related to menstrual RLS symptom aggravation. Further study is required to verify other factors such as hormonal fluctuations.

사상체질 병증별 월경 양상의 임상 연구

임성락,김구,오승윤,권영미,주종천,Lim, Sung-Rak,Kim, Koo,Oh, Seung-Yun,Kwon, Young-Mi,Joo, Jong-Cheon 사상체질의학회 2009 사상체질의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

1. Objective To investigate characteristics of menstrual patterns according to Sasang Constitutional disease, and to utilize for diagnosis and treatment of Sasang Constitutional disease. 2. Method The recruited subjects were 430 women who convinced their Sasang Constitution by taking herbal medicine and improving of chief complaint. The items of data contain age at menarche, age at menopause, menstrual cycle, menstrual duration, cyclic regularity of menstruation, severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, type of menstrual pain, amount of menstruation. 3. Results 1) Severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were significant among Sasang Constitutional diseases. 2) In Bae-chu-pyo-byeong disease (背椎表病證), Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), So-eum disease (少陰證) and Tae-eum disease (太陰證), menstrual pain was severer than other diseases. 3) In Hae-yeok disease and So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), the worst day of menstrual pain was a day before menstruation. In Hyung-gyeok-yeol disease (胸膈熱證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of a day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. In Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), Mang-yang disease (亡陽證), the frequency of two day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. 4) In So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), Mang-eum disease (亡陰證), Eum-heo-o-yeol diasese (陰虛午熱證), Ul-gwang disease (鬱狂證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were higher than other diseases. 4. Conclusion Menstrual patterns, especially menstrual pain is different among Sasang Constitutional diseases. Assessing menstrual pain can be used for diagnosing Sasang Constitutional diseases, deciding treatment course, determinating prognosis.

월경주기가 유방암 수술 후 오심과 구토에 미치는 영향

이종화,이준섭,김종학,김윤진,우재희,김동연,정정 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2018 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.41 No.1

Objectives: The phase of the menstrual cycle was demonstrated to have an influence on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, but little was known for breast surgery, which was shown to have relatively higher incidence of PONV, >60%. We performed this study to investigate the influence of the phase of menstrual cycle on PONV after breast cancer surgery. Methods: A total of 103 patients, who were scheduled for breast cancer surgery under general anesthesia, were recruited, and patients with irregular menstrual cycles, history of previous history of PONV were excluded. Groups were divided in two ways as follows: 1) gynecologic classification: premenstrual and menstrual (days 25 to 6), follicular (days 8 to 12), ovulation (days 13 to 15), and luteal phase (days 20 to 24); 2) menstrual classification: menstrual (days 1 to 8) and non-menstrual (days 9 to 28). PONV were recorded using Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching at postoperative 6 and 24 hours. Results: The overall incidence of PONV during postoperative 24 hours was 35.4%. At the menstrual classification, the incidence of PONV at postoperative 24 hours was higher in the menstrual group than that in the non-menstrual group (16.7% vs. 4.2%, P=0.057). The severity of PONV, measured with Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching was significantly different between menstrual and non-menstrual groups (P=0.034). Conclusion: The duration and severity of the PONV after breast cancer surgery were demonstrated to be prolonged and aggravated during menstruation, respectively. Therefore, consideration of menstrual cycle for scheduling breast cancer surgery could effectively prevent the PONV and reduce medical cost.

일 지역 인문계 여고생의 시험불안이 월경이상 및 월경통에 미치는 영향

조은주(Jo Eun Joo) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2015 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.8 No.-

Purpose: This study is an descriptive research to identify influencing factors of menstrual dysfunction and menstrual pains among female high school students. Methods: The data was collected students 172 people in female high school in B metropolitan city. The analytic methods were t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe’s test, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression analysis Results: There were significant differences in menstrual dysfunction according to grade(F=10.936, p=.000) and difficulty of daily living(F=7.459, p=.001). And, there were significant differences in menstrual pains according to grade(F=8.399, p=.000) and difficulty of daily living(F=5.894, p=.003). the test anxiety was weakly correlation between menstrual dysfunction(r-/314, p<01) and menstrual pains(r=.371, p<.01). Meaningful variables that explain menstrual dysfunction and menstrual pains were test anxiety and grade. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop intervention strategy and health education programmes, based on grade and test anxiety of female high school students, need to be developed intervention strategy to reduce menstrual dysfunction and menstrual pains.

중·고등학교 여학생의 월경 전후기 불편감에 따른 월경태도 및 성 역할 고정관념의 관계

강슬기,김효민,박서희,백채영,심자영,우한빛,이빛나,이채은,홍지수 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2014 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.48

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide the basis for program helping adolescent girls to form correct attitude toward menstruation and gender role stereotype by identifying the relationship among menstrual distress, attitudes toward menstruation and gender role stereotype. Method: The 392 participants of this study were selected among students of 5 middle schools and 3 high schools located in Seoul and Gyeong-gi province. Data were collected from 16 September to 23 September, 2013. The students were asked to answer the questionnaires consisting of MDQ(Menstrual Distress Questionnaire), KGES-A(Korean Gender Egalitarianism Scales for Adolescents), and menstrual attitude measurement scale developed by Min in 2003. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test and One way ANOVA were used to analyze the data with SPSS 21.0. Results: The results of this study were as follows: 1. High school students were more vulnerable to pre and post menstrual discomfort and tend to accept menstruation statically than middle school students(p=.009). 2. Students who did not receive regular sexuality education had private attitudes toward menstruation(p=.002), were emotionally more sensitive(p=.002) than the other group. 3. Students, who had higher menstrual discomfort, were more emotionally sensitive toward menstruation(p<.001), had variety of menstrual symptoms(p<.001), actively managing menstrual symptoms(p<.001), and accepted menstruation statically(p=.002) than the lower group. 4. There was no statistically significant relationship between gender role stereotype and pre and post menstrual discomfort. Conclusion: It was suggested that effective education program should be developed and implemented periodically in order to help adolescent school girls to understand pre and post menstrual discomfort and manage menstrual symptoms by themselves. Also, professional and systematic studies should follow up with larger population and more specific general characteristics.