기계적 자극이 3차원 공배양을 통한 중간엽 줄기세포의 chondrogenesis에 미치는 영향

김동화 ( Dong Hwa Kim ),허수진 ( Su Jin Heo ),신지원 ( Ji Won Shin ),박소희 ( So Hee Park ),신정욱 ( Jung Woog Shin ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4

The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of mechanical stimulation on chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) via 3D co-culturing system. The chondrocytes and MSCs were isolated and cultured from New Zealand White male rabbits. Cells were maintained in chondrogenic differentiation media containing 10 ng/mL TGF-β1. MSCs and chondrocytes were suspended in different alginate beads respectively. Those two types of beads were separated by a track-etched membrane of 3 ?m pore. The intermittent hydrostatic pressure(2 min pressurizing/15 min resting, 0.2 MPa) was applied for 3 days, starting on the third day after seeding and ending on the sixth day for 4 hrs/day. Proliferation and production of glycosaminoglycan(GAG) were evaluated along with immunocytochemistry observations. The rate of MSC proliferation tended to decrease during the culture period, while that of chondrocytes increased regardless of mechanical stimulation. However, on 7 day the mechanical stimulation affected proliferation of chondrocytes. The differentiation of MSCs and chondrocytes were affected by the mechanical stimulation on 14 day. When amount of GAG in each group was normalized by its DNA quantity to investigate differentiation activity of each cell, the efficacy of mechanical stimulation was observed after 7 day in MSCs. These results suggested that during co-culture with stimulation some secretion from chondrocytes, which are fully developed, tended to suppress the proliferation of MSCs while tended to promote differentiation of MSCs. In addition, the efficacy of mechanical stimulation was confirmed through this study.

생체배양기의 기계적 자극이 돼지 경골 건의 물성에 미치는 영향

이정수,이광일,이근수,문성환,심영복,장주웅 한국생체재료학회 2011 생체재료학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Rupture of tendon and ligament has been frequently occurred in chronic disease or sports injury and result in a significant decrease in quality of patient’s life. Many studies about tendon reconstruction were performed to propose treatment technique or mechanism. However, there is often fail to fully restore mechanical property. To overcome this limitation, bioreactor system to offer mechanical stimulation can be a good candidate solution. Recently, we have developed novel bioreactor system, which is composed with the driving system to offer mechanical stimulation, the reactor motion control system to control mechanical stimulation and the vessel chamber to supply saline buffer solution. As this bioreactor system can provide mechanical stimulation to tibialis tendon, we tested that this bioreactor system can be applied as the improvement of mechanical strength for tibialis tendon. The morphology of tibialis tendon was observed using scanning electron microscopy. We used a custom bioreactor to apply cyclic mechanical loading onto tibialis tendon to study ultimate tensile strength (UTS). Each tibialis tendon was implanted into the vessel chamber of bioreactor system and loaded under a tension stress of 10%, torsion stress of 90o and frequency of 1Hz for 1, 4and 7 days. Tibialis tendon exposed to bioreactor loading for 7days had a significantly higher UTS (818.1 N) compared to nonloaded control (354.9 N). In this study, we have developed a bioreactor system. We can conclude that bioreactor system could be useful device to improve UTS of tibialis tendon.

브러싱 자극 토마토 공정묘의 지상부와 지하부 생육 변화

정현우,황희성,황승재 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2023 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Mechanical stimulation induce the morphological changes in plants. In this study, we investigated the growth changes of tomato seedlings applicated to mechanical stimulation. The brushing treatment was used for mechanical stimulation. The brushing treatment interval was 2 hr using transfer device attached acrylic film from 10 days after sowing. Growth parameter of tomato seedlings were measured 3-day intervals to investigate the growth changes during brushing treatment. The plant height and leaf area were decreased in brushing treatment than the control, and the fresh and dry weights of shoot didn’t have significant difference in the control and brushing treatment. The total root length and root surface area were increased in brushing treatment compared than the control, and root volume has no significant difference in the control and brushing treatment. In conclusion, these results suggest that the application of brushing treatment on tomato seedling make shorten plant height and well-development root morphological characteristics. 기계적 자극은 식물체의 형태적 변화를 유도하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 기계적 자극을 적용한 토마토의 육묘기 동안의 생육 변화를 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 브러싱처리가 기계적 자극으로 이용되었으며, 아크릴이 부착된 이송장치를 이용하여 2시간 간격으로 파종 후 10일 이후부터 처리를 진행하였다. 브러싱 처리 동안 생육 변화를 확인하기 위해 3일 간격으로 생육을 조사하였다. 초장과 엽면적은 브러싱처리에서 대조구에 비해 감소하는 결과를 보였으며 지상부의생체중과 건물중은 대조구와 유사한 값을 보였다. 총 근장과지하부 표면적은 브러싱 처리에서 대조구에 비해 증가하였으며, 지하부 부피는 대조구와 브러싱 처리가 유사한 값을 보였다. 결론적으로 토마토 공정묘에 브러싱 처리는 지상부의 생육 감소를 유도하였으며 지하부의 형태적 발달을 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다.

The Effect of Proprioceptive Stimulation of Different duration on Static and Dynamic Balance

( Erika Zemkova ),( Dusan Hamar ) 한국스포츠과학원 2008 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.20 No.1

The study evaluates the effect of proprioceptive stimulation of the same frequency and amplitude, but of different duration, on parameters of static and dynamic balance. A of 9 physical education students stand in random order in different days on a vibrating platform for a duration of 15, 60, 180, and 360 seconds. One minute prior to and one (in case of 15 and 60 seconds trials) and three minutes (in case of 180 and 360 seconds trials) after proprioceptive stimulation the velocity of the centre of pressure (COP) was registered at 100 Hz by means of the stabilography system FiTRO Sway check based on dynamometric platform. Vertical counter shocks (frequency 10 Hz, amplitude 3 mm) were applied by means of a special platform. Results showed no significant changes in COP registered in static conditions immediately after 15 and 60 seconds of proprioceptive stimulation. However, its values significantly increased after 180 and 360 seconds of such stimulation. On the other hand, in dynamic conditions the COP significantly decreased after 15, 60, 180, and 360 seconds of proprioceptive stimulation. It may be concluded that prolonged proprioceptive stimulation applied to lower limbs leads to an impairment of static balance, however it facilitates dynamic balance adjustment leading to temporary improvement. In both cases such effects become more pronounced as duration of stimulation increases.

척수 자극술시의 체열촬영 소견 : 증례보고 A Cases Report

김선희,이평복,김용철,이상철 대한체열학회 2003 대한체열진단학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Additional Proprioceptive Stimulation Enhances an Acute Effect of Lower Limbs Resistance Exercise on Balance

( Erika Zemkova ),( Dusan Hamar ) 한국스포츠과학원 2007 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.19 No.2

This study compares the parameters of balance after lower limbs resistance exercise performed under the influence of proprioceptive stimulation and those under normal conditions. A group of 24 physical education students underwent in different days 6 sets of 6 semi squats performed with an additional load of 75% of body weight (each session was separated by 2 min of rest) either under normal conditions or under the influence of proprioceptive stimulation. Vertical counter shocks (frequency10 Hz, amplitude 3 mm) were applied by means of a special platform. One minute prior to and two minutes after exercise the velocity of the centre of pressure (COP) was registered at 100 Hz using stabilographic system FiTRO Sway check based on dynamometric platform. The results showed a significantly (p<0.01) higher increase in velocity of the COP immediately after squats performed under the influence of proprioceptive stimulation (from 6.8 ± 1.1 to 11.8 ± 1.4 mm/s) as compared to those under normal conditions (from 6.9 ± 1.2 to 9.8 ± 1.2 mm/s). However, in both cases its values returned to pre exercise level within 70 seconds. It may be concluded that additional proprioceptive stimulation enhances an acute effect of lower limbs resistance exercise on the parameters of balance.

MG-63 osteoblast-like cell proliferation on auxetic PLGA scaffold with mechanical stimulation for bone tissue regeneration

최홍진,이준재,박영준,신정욱,성학준,신지원,Yan Ru Wu,김정구 한국생체재료학회 2016 생체재료학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Background: Auxetic scaffolds (experimental) was fabricated by using poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid), 50:50, (PLGA) for effective bone cell proliferation with mechanical stimulation. Methods: Negative Poisson’s ratio in scaffold, 3-directional volumetric compression was applied during the scaffold fabrication at adequate temperature (60 °C). The pore size of scaffold ranged between 355 and 400 μm. Results: The porous morphology of the prepared auxetic scaffolds had shown partially concave and dent shapes in SEM image as expected. The lowest Poisson’s ratios of experimental group was −0.07 at 60 °C/10 min. Compressive strength of experimental group was shown about 3.12 times higher than control group (conventional scaffold) in dry state at 25 °C. The compressive strengths of both groups were tended to be decreased dramatically in wet state compared to in dry state. However, compressive strengths of experimental group were higher 3.08 times and 1.88 times in EtOH/PBS (25 °C) and EtOH/PBS/DMEM (37 °C) than control group in wet state, respectively. Degradation rate of the scaffolds showed about 16 % weight loss in 5 weeks. In cell attachment test, experimental group showed 1.46 times higher cell proliferation than control group at 1-day with compressive stimulation. In 3-day culture, the experimental group showed 1.32 times higher than control group. However, there was no significant difference in cell proliferation in 5-day cultivation. Conclusion: Overall, negative Poisson’s ratio scaffolds with static mechanical stimulation could affect the cell proliferation at initial cultivation time.

Mechanical Stimulation-Induced Cross-Adaptation in Plants: An Overview

Zhong-Guang Li,Ming Gong 한국식물학회 2011 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.54 No.6

Mechanical stimulation (MS), existing widely but ignored usually in nature, is one of the environmental stress factors. MS not only affects growth, development, morphogenesis,and even survival of plants, but also induces the formation of cross-adaptation. In cross-adaptation, plants make use of common pathways and components to adapt to a range of different stresses after exposure to one specific stress. Here, we summarize current knowledge of MS-induced cross-adaptation to chilling, heat, salt, drought, and pathogen stress, as well as its possible mechanisms.

Ca ²⁺ Entry is Required for Mechanical Stimulation-induced ATP Release from Astrocyte

Lee, Jaekwang,Chun, Ye-Eun,Han, Kyung-Seok,Lee, Jungmoo,Woo, Dong Ho,Lee, C. Justin The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Science 2015 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.24 No.1

<P>Astrocytes and neurons are inseparable partners in the brain. Neurotransmitters released from neurons activate corresponding G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) expressed in astrocytes, resulting in release of gliotransmitters such as glutamate, D-serine, and ATP. These gliotransmitters in turn influence neuronal excitability and synaptic activities. Among these gliotransmitters, ATP regulates the level of network excitability and is critically involved in sleep homeostasis and astrocytic Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> oscillations. ATP is known to be released from astrocytes by Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-dependent manner. However, the precise source of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, whether it is Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> entry from outside of cell or from the intracellular store, is still not clear yet. Here, we performed sniffer patch to detect ATP release from astrocyte by using various stimulation. We found that ATP was not released from astrocyte when Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> was released from intracellular stores by activation of Gα<SUB>q</SUB>-coupled GPCR including PAR1, P2YR, and B2R. More importantly, mechanical stimulation (MS)-induced ATP release from astrocyte was eliminated when external Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> was omitted. Our results suggest that Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> entry, but not release from intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> store, is critical for MS-induced ATP release from astrocyte.</P>

바이오리액터 개발과 기계적 자극에 의한 중간엽 줄기세포의 영향에 관한 연구

주민진(Min Jin Joo),전흥재(Heoung-Jae Chun),정형진(Hyung Jin Jung),이창근(Chang Gun Lee),허동녕(Dong Nyoung Heo),권일근(Il Keun Kwon),문성환(Seong Hwan Moon) 대한기계학회 2010 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.34 No.6

중간엽 줄기세포(MSCs)는 미분화 상태의 세포로써, 섬유아세포, 연골아세포, 골아세포 등으로 분화하여 인체의 근골격계를 구성하며, 기계적 자극은 중간엽 줄기세포 분화를 결정하는 중요한 인자로 알려져 이다. 본 연구에서는, 세포가 생존하기 위한 환경을 제공하고, 세포가 기계적 자극조건에 따라 분화할 수 있도록 하는 바이오리엑터를 제안하엿다. 또한, 중간엽 줄기세포를 배양하기 위한 세포 지지체로써 PU(polyurethane)로 제작된 지지체를 제안하였다. 세포 분화를 확인하기 위하여, 중간엽 줄기세포를 PU 지지체에 seeding한 후, 바이오리엑터를 이용하여 기계적 자극에 의한 세포의 분화를 확인하였다. It is well known that mesenchymal stem cell(MSCs) can be differentiated into fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts and that they develop into fibrous tissue, cartilage, or bone, as a result of mechanical stimulation. In this study, we developed a bioreactor system, which is composed of a reactor vessel that provides the required cell culture environment, an environment controlling chamber to control the media, a gas mixer, and a reactor motion control subsystem to apply mechanical stimuli to the cells. For the MSC culture, We used a poly-urethane (PU) scaffold, with a collagen coating to ensure improved cohesion ratio. Then, we transferred the cultivated MSCs in the PU scaffold, cultured the cells in the bioreactor system, and confirmed the proliferation, differentiation, and ossification processes, resulting from mechanical stimuli.