메타아라미드/Poly(vinyl alcohol)에 복합섬유의 제조 및 특성 분석

전언,정민호,정용식,김환철,Jun, Eon,Jeong, Min-Ho,Chung, Yong-Sik,Kim, Hwan-Chul 한국섬유공학회 2011 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.48 No.1

Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) was dissolved in DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) and m-aramid was dissolved in DMAc(dimethyl acetamide). The composite fibers were prepared by wet-spinning a mixture of the m-aramid and PYA solutions with methyl alcohol as a coagulant. The ratio of m-aramid to PYA was 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50 wt%. The composite fibers had sea-island bicomponent structures; the island component was m-aramid and the sea component was PYA. The nano-sized m-aramid fibers were obtained by washing out PYA with boiling water. Phase separation in theses immiscible polymer solution blends led to m-aramid being extracted in a nano-sized fiber state. The diameter of the fibrillated m-aramid fibers decreased as the PYA contents increased (130~313 nm). This study provided a new method to make nano-sized m-aramid fibers with wet-spinning.

에탄올 비용매를 이용한 메타아라미드 피브리드 제조 및 형태학적 특성

백병운,김완진,정용식,Baek, Byungwoon,Kim, Wan Jin,Chung, Yong Sik 한국섬유공학회 2014 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.51 No.3

Fibrids are materials of a complex fibrous, film-like, or intermediate form. The diameter of the particles varies between $20-50{\mu}m$, and $100-10,000{\mu}m$. The optimal form and size of the particles depends in each case on the area of application. The fibrid form is the result of two processes, viz. a wave process and diffusion. The life span and break-up pattern of the polymer depend on the interphase surface tension, the viscosity of the polymer, and the diffusion speed ratio of the polymer and medium. In this study, m-aramid was polymerized at low temperature and in solution with an equal molar ratio of MPD and IPC in DMAc. The meta-aramid solution was prepared by dissolution in DMAc, and ethanol was used as a coagulation bath. The rotation speed was the main factor affecting the formation and morphology of the fibrid. Meta-aramid paper was produced from m-aramid fiber with meta-aramid fibrid by wet laying. The results showed that fibrid particle sizes decreased with increasing rotation speeds and decreasing concentrations of m-aramid in the solution. The properties of the m-aramid fibrid as a function of the processing conditions were investigated using an image analyzer, optical microscopy, and SEM. The resulting meta-aramid paper was analyzed in terms of its morphology, thickness, air permeability, and mechanical properties.

내열성 아라미드 나노섬유의 제조 및 착색 특성

이명선,남영식,박원호,Lee, Myung Sun,Nam, Young Sik,Park, Won Ho 한국섬유공학회 2014 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.51 No.3

The dyeing of meta-aramids (m-aramids) has conventionally been difficult due to their rigid molecular and dense crystalline structure that results from hydrogen bonding, although various dyeing techniques have been applied in the past to improve their dyeability. In this study, m-aramid nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning with a 15 wt% m-aramid/DMAc solution, followed by either water or thermal treatment. The thermal stability and crystalline structure of the m-aramid nanofibers were investigated by thermogravimetry (TGA) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The effects of the water and thermal treatments on the dyeability of m-aramid nanofibers containing either pigment or dye were compared based on the K/S value and color difference. The results indicated that the use of dye is preferable to the use of pigment to improve the color depth of m-aramid nanofibers.

Preparation of Porous m-aramid/cellulose Blend Membranes with High Moisture and Air Permeability by an Enzymatic Degradation Method

Rao Fu,Congcong Dong,Changmei Sun,Rongjun Qu,Chunnuan Ji,Ying Zhang 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.6

Enzyme degradation method was adopted to prepare porous m-aramid/cellulose blend membranes with high air permeability, water absorbency and moisture permeability. This facile preparation process started by casting a blend membrane from a DMAc/LiCl solution containing m-aramid and cellulose. An enzyme was then used to degrade the cellulose in the blend membrane, resulting in porous structures. Five enzymes including cellulase, chitosanase, papain, lipase, and glucose oxidase, were evaluated and cellulase was found to be optimal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the miscibility and the morphology of the m-aramid/ cellulose blend membranes before and after degradation, respectively. The thermal stability of the blend membranes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The properties including air permeability, water absorbency and moisture permeability of the m-aramid/cellulose blend membranes greatly improved after degradation as compared to those of the pure m-aramid. This paper provided a new approach to preparing novel textile materials with high comfortability.

아라미드 표면처리에 의한 실리콘/불소 고무와의 접착성 연구

이재호,이재동,박성민,이종우,Lee, Jae-Ho,Lee, Jae-dong,Park, Sung-min,Lee, Jong-woo 한국섬유공학회 2018 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.55 No.5

The interfacial adhesion property between aramid and rubber is a very important factor when aramid is applied as a reinforcing material for automotive heat-resistant hoses. This study examined the improvement of interfacial adhesion between aramid and rubber by applying plasma and a coupling agent to m-aramid. The SEM, AFM, and XPS characteristics were examined based on the plasma treatment conditions. The plasmatreated aramid was then treated with the coupling agent to analyze the interfacial adhesion with silicon, fluorine, and hybrid rubber. The plasma treatment resulted in an increase in the surface roughness of the aramid, and the mechanical properties of the aramid fabric decreased because the surface of the aramid was fibrillated. Moreover, the interfacial adhesion between aramid and rubber increased by 16.2% with the use of the coupling agent and plasma treatment.

고속회전 피브리데이터를 이용한 메타아라미드 피브리드 제조 및 형태학적 특성

김완진,이현영,백병운,정용식,Kim, Wan Jin,Lee, Hyeon Yeong,Baek, Byungwoon,Chung, Yong Sik 한국섬유공학회 2015 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.52 No.1

Fibrid is a material with complex, fibrous, film-like, and intermediate forms. The diameters of the particles vary from $20-50{\mu}m$ and $100-10,000{\mu}m$. The optimal form and size of the particles depend on the area of application. The form of fibrid is the result of two processes, a wave process and diffusion. The life span and break-up pattern of the polymer depend on the interphase surface tension, viscosity of the polymer, and speed ratio of the polymer to the medium. In this study, fibrids were produced using a fibridator with high-speed shearing force. Several kinds of fibrids were obtained by changing the processing conditions, including solvent content (20, 30, and 40 wt%) in the coagulating solution, viscosity of the m-aramid dope solution (8, 10, and 12 wt%), and rotor speed of the fibridator (2000, 4000, and 6000 rpm). With low solvent content, m-aramid dope was rapidly transformed into the floc form because the coagulation rate was fast. However, as the solvent in the coagulation bath increased, the coagulation rate slowed, and the fibrids stuck together. Lower m-aramid dope viscosity and faster rotor speed were effective in obtaining proper fibrid morphology because of weakened interaction between the polymer chains.

High Lightfastness Acid Dyes Synthesized from Corresponding Anthraquinone Chromophore Utilizing a Sulfonation Reaction Part 2: Dyeing Properties on Polyamide and m-Aramid Fibers and Fastness

이의재,김근형,박채은,권수현,김경원,최재홍 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.3

This study aimed at investigating the dyeability of synthesized acid dyes on fine nylon and m-aramid and theirlight fastness. A sulfonic acid group was introduced into the corresponding hydrophobic dye, which has an anthraquinone structure, to allow dyeing capabilities through ionic bonding with the nylon and m-aramid. Dyeability on fine nylon and maramid was mainly evaluated by the UV-Vis absorbance at maximum absorption wavelength (λmax). As the dyeing temperature increased to 110 oC, the exhaustion rate of synthesized acid dyes increased. The synthesized acid dyes showed higher adsorption rates when dyeing occurred at high temperature. For fine nylon, as the synthesized acid dye concentration increased, the K/S value increased to 2.5 % o.w.f. and remained at that level thereafter. The fastness of light, wash, rubbing, and perspiration of fine nylon fabric dyed at these optimum conditions had higher ratings than those of commercial acid dyes. Regarding m-aramid dyeing, the grade of light fastness was higher than that of the commercial basic dye.

말단이 아미노기로 된 Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) 및 Poly(2-cyano-1,4-phenylene terephthalamide) 텔레킬릭스의 합성 및 특성분석

오태진,신동일 한국섬유공학회 2000 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.37 No.10

Difunctional amino-terminated poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)(AT-PMIA) and poly(2-cyano-1,4-phenylene terephthalamide)(AT-CyPPDT) telechelics were prepared by low temperature solution polymerization of isophthaloyl chloried (IPC) and terephthaloyl chloride(TPC) with calculated excess amounts of m-phenylenediamine(MPD) and 2-cyano-1,4-phenylenediamine(CyPPD) in dimethylacetamide(DMAc) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP), respectively. Purity of amino groups of the telechelics was determined by measuring the molar extinction coefficient(${\varepsilon}_{\lambda}{max}$) of a protonated bis-Schiff base which was formed from the reaction of 4-(dimethylamino) benzaldehyde(DMBA) with diamines in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid(TA) in dimethylacetamide(DMAc) containing 2%(wt.) LiCl; the number average moles of amino groups in the telechelics was calculated from their $M_{n}$ using the Mark-Houwink equations for carboxy-terminated PMIA(CT-PMIA) and CyPPDT(CT-CyPPET), i.e., [η]=7.96${\times}$$10^{-4}M_{n}^{0.71}$ and [η]=2.51${\times}$$10^{-4}M_{n}^{1.02}$, respectively. It decreased as reactant mole ratio (${\gamma}$) approached 1.0. It increased, however, as expected on reaction with further excess diamine after the polymerization reaction. Reactivity of amino groups of the telechelics was confirmed by change in intrinsic viscosity([η]) and numberaverage molecular weight($M_{n}$) with the coupling reaction of IPC and TPC.

염색이 용이한 메타 아라미드 편성물의 염색성에 관한 연구

이범훈 한국염색가공학회 2020 韓國染色加工學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

Heat and flame protecting cloth is usually made of meta aramid fiber because of its own properties. But the high inter molecular hydrogen bonding and high Tg is the reason of the difficulty to dye meta aramid fiber. Recently, it was commercialized that the easily dyeable meta aramid fiber(AMD) for improving dyeability. In this study, the dyeing properties of AMD dyed with cationic dyes were investigated. The K/S values of AMD were 5~10% higher than these of general meta aramid fiber(AM) in the case of 1%owf caused by the lower crystallinity of AMD. The difference between K/S values of AMD and AM was increased as increasing dyeing concentration. The washing and rubbing fastness grade of AM and AMD were similar and good to very good.

Novel Hybrid Nanostructures of Carbon Nanotube/Fullerene-like Tungsten Disulfide as Reinforcement for Aramid Fabric Composites

Vera Obradović,Danica Simić,Milorad Zrilić,Dušica B. Stojanović,Petar S. Uskoković 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.2

Multilayered composites based on aramid fabrics are widely used in impact protection. The objective of this studyis creating a new kind of multiaxial aramid fabric composites with inorganic fullerene-like tungsten disulfide nanoparticles(IF-WS2) and single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) used as nanoreinforcement to enhance the dynamic mechanical andanti-stabbing properties of the composites. The four composites of the Kolon fabric forms were impregnated with 10 wt.%poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)/ethanol solution which contained different forms of IF-WS2 nanoparticles. The surfaces of IF-WS2were coated with silane coupling agent (m-IF) and the SWCNT were oxidized (o-SWCNT) for the fabrication of the o-SWCNT/m-IF hybrid nanoparticles. The mechanical testing showed that the Kolon/PVB/o-SWCNT/m-IF sample producednearly 62 % of improvement in the tensile strength and 51 % of improvement in the tensile energy absorption compared tothe Kolon/PVB sample. Furthermore, the sample with the o-SWCNT/m-IF hybrid nanoparticles demonstrated 24 % ofenhancement in the impact toughness and 48 % of improvement in the absorbed energy after knife penetration in comparisonwith the Kolon/PVB sample.