The Relationship between Locus of Control and Discomfort of the Patients at the Initial Stage of the Orthodontic Treatment

Bae, Chang,Paik, In Ho,Kim, Young-Ho CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1994 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.22 No.2

This study was attempted to explore the relationship between locus of control and the discomfort of the patients at the initial stage of the orthodontic treatment. Locus of control was measured by 'Locus of Control (LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) scale for children'. The discomfort was measured by 'discomfort index card' in 52 children and adolescent patients who initiate orthodontic treatment. In addition, locus of control of the patients' mothers was measured by 'Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) scale for parents'. The results were as follows: 1. The test-retest reliability of 'Locus of Control (LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) scale' was in the moderate to high range. 2. Out of 52 patients, 47 showed moderate to severe discomfort following placement of an initial archwire. The patients showed the most severs discomfort on the first day, and most of the discomfort was manifested within the first 3 days, then decreased until thel 7th day. There was no significant difference in the discomfort according to sex and age. 3. The discomfort of the patients was the highest in the morning session when a day was divided into 4 sessions, i.e., morningr afternoon, evening, and night. 4. In the score of 'Locus of Control (LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) scale for children', the group of 'internal loclus of control' complained of more discomfort than the group of 'external locus of control'. And there was no significant correlation between locus of control of the patients and that of their mothers. 5. There was no significant difference in the score of locus of control according to sex and age. However, the score of boys tended to be lower than that of girls and the score of primary school students higher than that of middle and high school students.

교정치료 초기 환자의 통제소재와 불쾌감의 관계

백인호,배창,김영호 대한치과교정학회 1994 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.24 No.1

This study was attempted to explore the relationship between locus of control and the discomfort of the patients at the initial stage of the orthodontic treatment. Locus of control was measured by 'Locus of Control(LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control(OLOC) scale for children'. The discomfort was measured by 'discomfort index card' in 52 children and adolescent patients who initiate orthodontic treatment. In addition, locus of control of the patients' mothers was measured by 'Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) scale for parents'. The results were as follow : 1. The test-retest reliability of 'Locus of Control(LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control(OLOC) scale' was in the moderate to high range. 2. Out of 52 patients, 47 showed moderate to severe discomfort following placement of an initial archwire. The patients showed the most severe discomfort on the first day, and most of the discomfort was manifested within the first 3 days, then decreased until the 7th day. There was no significant difference in the discomfort according to sex and age. 3. The discomfort of the patients was the highest in the morning session when a day was divided in the discomfort into 4 sessions, i.e., morning, afternoon, evening, and night. 4. In the score of 'Locus of Control(LOC) scale for children' and 'Orthodontic Locus of Control(OLOC) scale for children', the group of internal locus of control expressed more discomfort than the group of external locus of control. And there was no significant correlation between locus of control of the patients and that of their mothers. 5. There was no significant difference in the score of locus of control according to sex and age. However, the score of boys tended to be lower than of girls and the score of primary school students higher than that of middle and high school students.

암환자가 지각하는 건강통제위 성격과 삶의 질에 관한 관계연구 -방사선요법을 받는 암환자를 중심으로-

방동완,Bang, Dong-Wan 대한방사선치료학회 2000 大韓放射線治療技術學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

It has been reported that the cancer patient's quality of life is influenced by the perceived health state, self-esteem, health locus of control, social support, whether there is a pain or not, the stage of a disease, the period of a disease, etc, and however, there has been scarcely the research into the fact at home whose cultural and social backgrounds are entire1y different from those of American and European Countries. Accordingly, the author of this thesis performed this study. considering that it is necessary to know the relations between the health locus of control which make it possible to predict the object's behavior related to health and to make plans to induce the object or patient into sound behavior and the quality of life which is closely related to the cancer patient's health, emotion, society, economy, etc. on the whole. This study, a cross-sectional one, includes 135 subjects of $in{\cdot}out$ patients registered at Y University Hospital whose age are more than 20 years, From these patients, data were collected for two weeks through the questionnaire which content concerns about the quality of life and the health locus of control. All the collected data were processed and analyzed through Student's t-test, ANOVA, and the calculation of Pearson Correlation Coefficient, using the SAS program 1. It appeared that the disposition of health locus of control was mostly inclined to the disposition of powerful other health locus of control($28.37{\pm}4.24$), then inclined to internal health locus of control($27.03{\pm}4.17$), and next to chance health locus of control($19.71{\pm}4.97$) By the way. the disposition of powerful other health locus of control appeared a tittle bit higher than internal health locus of control 2. The degree of the quality of life appeared to be 137.54 points in the average of total points and 3.11 in the average evaluation mark. It appeared that the quality of life was most significantly influenced by a factor of 'relations with neighbors' and least significantly influenced by factors of physical conditions and functions. 3. It appeared that the relation between the disposition of health locus of control and the quality of life has nothing to do with the relation between internal health locus of control and the quality of life(r=.1446, P>.05) and also with the relation between the disposition of powerful other health locus of control(r=.0385, P>.05). In conclusion, in the study it has been found out that there is no correlation between the health locus of control and the quality of life, and however it is sound to induce the cancer patient to internal health locus of control. Therefore, it is necessary that under the special circumstances, the cancer patient's behavior should be predicted, thereby inducing the patient to the sound change of his or her behavior. Also in order that the patient enjoys his or her life satisfactorily while living, It is deemed that some kind of multilateral meditation in health and treatment is necessary so that the patient can feel the relief of pain, better health, etc.

청소년의 심리적 유형에 따른 진로장벽 지각의 차이: 내외통제성 및 불확실성에 대한 인내력을 중심으로

정미나,엄정혜,성벼리,양은주 한국심리학회산하학교심리학회 2011 한국심리학회지 학교 Vol.8 No.3

This study investigated psychological types based on the locus of control and the tolerance of uncertainty that might lead to the individual differences in the perceived career barriers of the Korean adolescents. A total of 648 male and female adolescents in middle and high schools completed a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using cluster analysis and MANOVA. Cluster analysis with the internal locus of control, the external locus of control, and the tolerance of uncertainty yielded four types: Internal control group with security, external control group with insecurity, high engagement group with insecurity, and low engagement group with insecurity. Security and insecurity represented the high and low levels of the tolerance of uncertainty. Internal control indicated a high level of internal locus of control and a low level of external locus of control. External control was labeled for the condition with a high level of external locus of control and a low level of internal locus of control. High engagement reflected high levels of both internal and external loci of control, and low engagement was indicated by low levels of both internal and external loci of control. MANOVA was conducted to examine the differences between four groups in the perceived career barriers. The result showed that internal control group with security perceived the lowest level of career barriers across all types of career barriers. On the other hand, both high engagement group with insecurity and low engagement group with insecurity reported the greatest level of career barriers. These findings indicate that the tolerance of uncertainty, along with the locus of control, may serve as an important factor for perceived career barriers. 본 연구는 중․고등학교 청소년들의 진로장벽 지각에 대한 개인차를 설명할 수 있는 심리적 요인들을 탐색하고자 하였다. 진로장벽의 지각이 개인이 경험에 대해 접근하는 양상에 따라 달라질 수 있으므로, 내외통제성과 불확실성에 대한 인내력의 부족이라는 심리적 요인들에 따라 유형을 구분하고 이들 유형간 진로장벽의 지각에 차이가 있는지를 검증하였다. 전체 648명의 남녀 중고등학생을 대상으로 설문을 실시하고, 군집분석과 다변량분석을 실시하였다. 내적통제성, 외적통제성, 불확실성에 대한 인내력을 중심으로 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 네 개의 하위집단이 도출되었으며 이들은 안정 내부귀인형, 불안정 외부귀인형, 불안정 고관여형, 안정 저관여형으로 명명되었다. 안정과 불안정의 차원은 불확실성에 대한 인내력에 기반하였다. 내부귀인형은 높은 내적통제성과 낮은 외적통제성을 특징으로 하며, 외부귀인형은 낮은 내적통제성과 높은 외적통제성을 반영하였다. 고관여형은 내적통제성과 외적통제성 모두 평균이상인 집단이었으며, 저관여형은 둘 모두 평균이하인 집단이었다. 이러한 유형에 따른 진로장벽 지각에 차이가 있는지를 다변량분석으로 검증하였다. 그 결과 진로장벽 유형에 관계없이 안정 내부귀인형이 가장 진로장벽을 덜 지각하는 것으로 나타났으며, 반면 불안정 고관여형과 불안정 외부귀인형이 가장 진로장벽을 높게 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 불확실성에 대한 인내력 차원이 내외통제성과 함께 청소년의 진로장벽 지각에 중요한 개인차 요인이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

정신분열병 환자의 내, 외 통제성에 따른 불안 및 우울정도

도복늠,최두희,김희숙 경북대학교 간호과학연구소 2003 경북간호과학지 Vol.7 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the level of anxiety and depression of the schizophrenic inpatients according to the internal and external locus of control. 64 schizophrenic inpatients with internal and external locus of control were sampled from 161 respondents and administered Rotter`s Internal-External Control Scale and Morey`s Personality Assessment Inventory from January 25 to February 20, 2003. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS Version 10.0 program. The general characteristics of the subjects were presented in actual numbers and percentage, while the internal and external control, anxiety and depression points were calculated in mean, standard deviation and then analysed with t-test. The results of this study were as follows: The mean score of anxiety felt by the schizophrenic inpatients with the internal locus of control were 51.78 and those with the external locus of control were 56.78. Therefore, the level of anxiety of the schizophrenic patients was mild and relatively stable. There was no significant difference in the level of anxiety between the internal and external locus of control. The mean score of depression felt by the schizophrenic inpatients with the internal locus of control was 56.63 and those with the external locus of control were 65.06. The schizophrenic inpatients with the external locus of control were significantly higher in the degree of the depression than those with the internal locus of control.

일부 치위생과 학생의 통제소재, 자기효능감이 스트레스에 미치는 영향

임순연 ( Soon Ryun Lim ) 한국치위생과학회 2012 치위생과학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine effect of locus of control and self-efficacy on stress of selected dental hygiene students. This study provides basic data to develop a method to reduce stress. The students of A women`s college in Kyungi province majoring in dental hygiene were asked to answer the locus of control scale, self-efficacy scale, and stress level. As a result, this study concluded the following findings: 1. Locus of control scale was 8.77 and it meant the students used internal control. Self-efficacy scale was beyond median. In stress level category, mean of stress was 2.32, stress with friends was 2.05, stress with money was 2.33, stress with course in life was 2.29, stress with family members was 2.24, stress with study was 2.95. 2. Stress had negative relations with locus of control and self-efficacy. There was a positive relation between locus of control and self-efficacy. 3. Effect of self-efficacy on stress was significantly negative but effect of locus of control on stress was insignificant. In subscale, effect of self-efficacy and locus of control on stress with study was insignificant. 4. Indirect effect of locus of control on stress was statistically significant. The students with internal locus of control showed high self-efficacy and the students with high self-efficacy showed low stress level. In conclusion, educators should make an effort to reduce stress of students and understand the factors related to stress.

기부자의 통제소재와 경험한 사건 극성이 외집단 기부선호에 미치는 영향

박기경 한국소비자·광고심리학회 2016 한국심리학회지 소비자·광고 Vol.17 No.4

Although previous studies related to donation have mainly focused on the emotional response drawn from the donee or doner's individual differences, this paper pays attention to the effect of consumers' locus of control and their personal experiences regarding donations toward out-group. Donations toward out-group may involve uncertainty or risk in finance, time and social risk compared to donations toward in-group. Hence, locus of control is predicted to cause interaction effect with experienced events on donation behavior. Drawing upon locus of control and doner's characteristics in the donation context, hypothesis 1 posits that people in an internal control will show greater donation preference toward out-group members when they experience a positive event (vs. a negative event) because they feel control and confidence in the efficiency of their donations. Whereas people in an external control will show greater donation preferences when they experience a negative event(vs. a positive event) due to the motive of social connection. This research adopted a scenario and conducted an experiment. The experiment used a 2(locus of control: internal control vs. external control) X 2(valence of event: positive vs. negative) between subject design with the two variables as independent variables. The key dependent variable was donation choice toward out-group (vs. in-group). According to the results of this experiment, participants in an internal control showed higher preference toward African disadvantaged children (vs. Korean disadvantaged children) when they experienced a positive event, whereas those in an external control showed the opposite pattern. In conclusion, consumers' donation preferences to the out-group depend on the locus of control and valence of experienced event. Future research should explore various moderators and examine the mediation. The research findings provide knowledge for better understanding of locus of control and apply it to consumer psychology and marketing areas. 본 연구는 기부자의 통제소재와 경험한 사건의 극성이 외집단 기부선호에 어떠한 결합효과를 갖게 되는지 살펴보았다. 기부와 관련한 선행연구들은 주로 기부수혜자에 대한 정보를 접하는 상황에서 기부여부를 살펴본 데에 반하여 본 연구는 기부를 한다는 전제하에 외집단에 속한 기부수혜자에 대한 기부선택을 살펴봄으로써 소속감이나 유사성이 낮은 대상에 대한 기부가 오히려 더 활발하게 이루어지는 조건을 찾고자 하였다. 본 연구모델을 가설로써 설명하면, 내적통제소재자들은 부정적 사건에 비하여 긍정적 사건을 경험할 때 통제력 시행에 대한 확신과 자신감을 높게 지각하여 외집단에 대한 기부에 더 적극적으로 임하게 될 것으로 예상하였다. 반면, 외적통제소재자들은 긍정적 사건에 비하여 부정적 사건을 경험할 때 사회적 연결성을 갖고자 외집단에 대한 기부선호가 높을 것으로 예상하였다. 실험 결과에 의하면, 내적통제소재를 지각하는 소비자들은 부정적 사건보다 긍정적 사건을 경험할 경우 외집단에 속한 기부수혜자(예, 아프리카의 어려운 아동)에 대한 기부선택율이 내집단에 속한 기부수혜자(예, 우리나라의 어려운 아동)보다 높은 반면, 외적통제소재를 지각하는 소비자들은 긍정적 사건보다 부정적 사건을 경험한 조건에서 외집단에 속한 기부수혜자에 대한 기부선택이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 통제소재에 관한 기존 연구를 기부상황으로 확장하고, 탐색적으로나마 내집단 편향이 덜 나타나는 조건을 밝힘으로써 기부발생동기에 대한 흥미로운 탐구결과를 제시하였다.

중학생의 자아분화와 내외통제소재가 친구 간 갈등해결전략에 미치는 영향

추효승(Choo Hyo Seoung),홍혜영(Hong Hye Young) 한국통합치료학회 2015 통합치료연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 중학생의 자아분화와 내외통제소재가 친구 간 갈등해결전략에 미치는 영향의 매개효과 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울, 경기 소재의 중학생 424명에게 설문 조사하였고, 그중 424명(남자 209명, 여자 215명)의 연구 자료가 분석에 사용되었다. 측정도구로는 자아분화, 내외통제소재, 친구 간 갈등해결전략척도를 사용 하였다. 각 변인들 사이의 관계를 알아 보기위해 상관분석, Baron과 Kenny(1986)방식을 통한 매개효과분석을 실시하였다. 수집한 자료를 분석한 결과, 첫째, 자아분화, 내외통제소재, 친구 간 갈등해결전략 중 협력 및 절충전략, 지배전략에서는 유의미한 정적상관을 보였으며, 양보에서는 유의미한 부적상관을 보였다. 둘째, 자아분화가 친구 간 갈등해결전략 중 협력 및 절충전략과 지배전략, 양보 전략에서에서 유의미한 영향을 나타났으며, 내외통제소재가 친구 간 갈등해결전략 중 협력 및 절충전략과 지배전략, 양보전략에서 유의미한 영향을 나타냈다. 셋째, 자아분화와 내외통제소재가 친구 간 갈등해결전략 중 협력 및 절충전략, 지배전략에는 부분 매개가 나타났고, 양보전략에는 완전 매개가 나타났다. 이에 따라 중학생의 자아분화와 친구 간 갈등 해결전략에 내외통제소재가 영향을 미치는 매개요인임을 밝혔다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 자아분화와 내외통제소재 관한 변인을 밝히는 연구가 필요하며, 청소년상담 장면에서의 개인 내적 영역 활용과 사회성 및 또래 관계 효과에 대한 시사점을 제공한다. This study attempted to verify the mediating effect which middle schoolers self-differentiation and locus of control materials has solution of conflict strategy between friends. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted to 424 middle schoolers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, 424 of them (males 209, females 215) were used from analysis. Measuring tools used self-differentiation, locus of control on conflict resolution strategies in peer friendships. To explore the relation between each variable, correlation analysis and a mediating effect analysis through Baron and Kenny(1986) were conducted. The results of the gathered data showed that cooperation and compromise strategy, and control strategy of self-differentiation and locus of control and showed a significant positive correlation and concession showed a significant negative correlation. Second, self-differentiation, on conflict resolution strategies in peer friendships, showed a significant effect in cooperation, compromise, control and concession strategy, locus of control, on conflict resolution strategies in peer friendships, showed a significant effect on cooperation, compromise, control and concession strategy. Third, self-differentiation and locus of control, on conflict resolution strategies in peer friendships, indicated a partial mediating effect in cooperation, compromise, control. Thus, the study showed that locus of control is a mediating factor having an effect on self-differentiation and on conflict resolution strategies in peer friendships. Based on this result, this study suggested a need of research into making clear the variable on self-differentiation and locus of control, and discussed a precedent study on the analyzed results and presented suggestions on the scene of youth counselling, limits and subsequent study.

병원간호사의 통제소재에 따른 직무스트레스, 직무소진에 관한 연구

김영희,김경은,최정현 한국자료분석학회 2010 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.12 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate job stress and job burnout as a function of locus of control of nurses in a hospital. Method: Participants were 280 nurses of general hospital in Pusan. MANOVA was used to investigate job stress and job burnout according to locus of control of nurses, Result: Locus of control of nurses was 3.29 point and was close to internal locus of control a little bit. Main job stresses of nurses with external locus of control were caused by relationship with senior and conflict with patient and caregiver. In case of job burnout, nurses with external locus of control scored more high than nurses with internal locus of control. This results suggested that the importance of locus of control be considered when developing nurse education programs. 본 연구는 병원간호사의 통제소재에 따른 직무스트레스와 직무소진에서의 차이를 규명함으로써 간호사의 긍정적인 통제소재 발달을 위한 교육 및 지도의 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 실시하였다. 부산시 종합병원에 근무하는 280명의 일반간호사를 대상자로 하여 설문조사를 실시한 서술적 조사연구이다. 병원간호사의 통제소재 점수는 3.29점으로 미약하게 내적통제소재에 가까웠다. 병원간호사의 통제소재에 따른 직무스트레스를 살펴보면 외적통제소재 간호사와 내적통제소재 간호사를 구별하는 직무스트레스 요인은 상사와의 관계, 환자 및 보호자와의 갈등과 같은 관계에서 비롯된 직무스트레스인 것으로 나타났다. 간호사의 통제소재에 따른 직무소진정도에서는 내적통제소재 간호사에 비해 외적통제소재 간호사가 직무소진정도가 높았다.

청년기 여성의 건강신념과 체중조절행위에 영향을 미치는 요인

김영숙,최영아 김천과학대학 2001 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study is to identify the weight control behavior and health belief of adolescent women, and to investigate factors having an effect on their weight control behaviors by a descriptive correlation survey. It will be helpful for presenting the meaningful basic data for the health education planning of college students, and for taking to a desirable weight control habit for their good health. The data were collected from June 4th to June 8th, 2001, and the subjects were 127 women's students of a nursing college. The results were as follows. 1. A degree of health concern was 36.9, 18.0 for a perceived sensitivity, 24.2 for a perceived severity, 24.4 for a perceived benefit, and 23.3 for a perceived barrier on the average. 2. A Degree of Weight control behavior was 35.3 on the average. 3. For a health locus of control, it represented the highest point of 23.6 for a internal health locus of control, 18.6 for an others health locus of control, and the lowest point of 16.7 for a chance health locus of control. 4. Subjects' self-esteem was 30.1 on the average. 5. Four variables - a tip for reducing weight, family's support, chance health locus of control and perception for one's own weight - represented 17% explanation power in examining the explanation powers of variables having an effect of performance of health control behavior. We will purpose as follows on the basis of the above research results. A health education necessary for an active weight control habit and a correct perception on adolescent women's weights are required. It will be necessary to study for variables having an effect on weight control behavior.