연료전지차량용 연료개질기에 대한 최적연료비교연구

정익환 ( Ik Hwan Jung ),박찬샘 ( Chan Saem Park ),박성호 ( Seong Ho Park ),나종걸 ( Jong Geol Na ),한종훈 ( Chong Hun Han ) 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.52 No.6

PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) 차량은 미래 청정수송기관으로 각광받고 있지만 수소스테이션의 인프라부족으로 현재는 수소를 공급해주는 연료개질기를 함께 장착하여 구동하여야 한다. 탄화수소연료로부터 수소를 생산하는 연료개질기를 대상으로 다양한 연구가 진행되어왔는데 기존연구에서는 열적중립 조건의 ATR(Auto-Thermal Reformer)반응기에 대해 집중적으로 분석하거나 공정최적화부문에서 최대수소생산을 목표로 주로 열효율을 목적함수로 설정하여 평가해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 100 kW PEMFC용 연료개질기를 대상으로 간단한 소형시스템을 얻기 위해 외부 유틸리티가 필요없는 단열열교환망으로 구성된 조건에서 기존 열효율이 아닌 수소효율을 새로이 정의하여 가솔린, LPG, 디젤 각 연료에 대해 최적운전조건을 도출하였다. 가솔린의 경우 기존 비교문헌보다 9.43% 연료절감효과를 얻음으로써 제안한 목적함수의 타당성을 입증하였고, 추가적으로 수소효율 및 열교환량, 열교환면적에 대한 민감도 분석을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 제안한 시스템을 한국시장에 적용할 경우 LPG 연료를 사용하는 연료개질기가 가장 경제적임을 알 수 있었다. PEM fuel cell vehicles have been getting much attraction due to a sort of highly clean and effective transportation. The onboard fuel processor, however, is inevitably required to supply the hydrogen by conversion from some fuels since there are not enough available hydrogen stations nearby. A lot of studies have been focused on analyses of ATR reactor under the assumption of thermo-neutral condition and those of the optimized process for the minimization of energy consumption using thermal efficiency as an objective function, which doesn’t guarantee the maximum hydrogen production. In this study, the analysis of optimization for 100 kW PEMFC onboard fuel processor was conducted targeting various fuels such as gasoline, LPG, diesel using newly defined hydrogen efficiency and keeping simply synthesized heat exchanger network regardless of external utilities leading to compactness and integration. Optimal result of gasoline case shows 9.43% reduction compared to previous study, which shows the newly defined objective function leads to better performance than thermal efficiency in terms of hydrogen production. The sensitivity analysis was also done for hydrogen efficiency, heat recovery of each heat exchanger, and the cost of each fuel. Finally, LPG was estimated as the most economical fuel in Korean market.

2SH-3 수소스테이션용 150Nm3/h 규모의 수소제조장치 개발

김명준 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1

Fuel Processor (수소제조장치)는 탈황, Steam Reforming 및 Water-gas Shift 반응기, 열 교환망, 그리고 Pressure Swing Adsorption 장치로 구성된다. Fuel Processor는 수소 Plant와 다르게, 상시 Start-up/down 및 빠른 Load Change가 빨라야 하며, System내 열 교환망에 의하여 원료인 Steam을 제조할 수 있도록 Heat Balance가 이루어 져야 한다. 또한 효율, Compactness, 내구성, 운전용이성 등도 주요 고려 요소이다. 이러한 점들을 고려하여 150Nm3/h 규모의 Fuel Processor를 개발하고 있다

연료전지용 개질기의 유로 채널 성형시 정밀도 평가

박동삼(D. S. Park),성은제(E. J. Seong),한진용(J. Y. Han),황상순(S. S. Hwang) 한국생산제조학회 2006 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.5

In this study, introduce about processing method of microchannel in fuel processor. For the comparison of heat transfer performance of methanol evaporator, numerical analysis using FLUENT code was carried out. Channel shape and condition which could determine the heat transfer performance according to the channel conditions were obtained. For channel forming, besides the conventional etching method, mechanical machining methods of end milling and powder blasting was introduced. It was shown that end mining could reduce machining error remarkably and surface treatment by powder blasting could improve the performance of catalyst coating.

연료전지용 개질기의 유로 채널 성형시 정밀도 평가

박동삼(D. S. Park),성은제(E. J. Seong),한진용(J. Y. Han),황상순(S. S. Hwang) 한국생산제조학회 2006 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

In this study, introduce about processing method of microchannel in fuel processor. For the comparison of heat transfer performance of methanol evaporator, numerical analysis using FLUENT code was carried out. Channel shape and condition which could determine the heat transfer performance according to the channel conditions were obtained. For channel forming, besides the conventional etching method, mechanical machining methods of end milling and powder blasting was introduced. It was shown that end mining could reduce machining error remarkably and surface treatment by powder blasting could improve the performance of catalyst coating.

High-Efficiency Grid-Tied Power Conditioning System for Fuel Cell Power Generation

Jong-Kyou Jeong,Byung-Moon Han,Jun-Young Lee,Nam-Sup Choi 전력전자학회 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.4

This paper proposes a grid-tied power conditioning system for the fuel cell power generation, which consists of a 2-stage DCDC converter and a 3-phase PWM inverter. The 2-stage DC-DC converter boosts the fuel cell stack voltage of 26-48V up to 400V, using a hard-switching boost converter and a high-frequency unregulated LLC resonant converter. The operation of the proposed power conditioning system was verified through simulations with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on the simulation results, a laboratory experimental set-up was built with a 1.2kW PEM fuel-cell stack to verify the feasibility of hardware implementation. The developed power conditioning system shows a high efficiency of 91%, which is a very positive result for the commercialization.

High-Efficiency Grid-Tied Power Conditioning System for Fuel Cell Power Generation

Jeong, Jong-Kyou,Han, Byung-Moon,Lee, Jun-Young,Choi, Nam-Sup The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.4

This paper proposes a grid-tied power conditioning system for the fuel cell power generation, which consists of a 2-stage DC-DC converter and a 3-phase PWM inverter. The 2-stage DC-DC converter boosts the fuel cell stack voltage of 26-48V up to 400V, using a hard-switching boost converter and a high-frequency unregulated LLC resonant converter. The operation of the proposed power conditioning system was verified through simulations with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on the simulation results, a laboratory experimental set-up was built with a 1.2kW PEM fuel-cell stack to verify the feasibility of hardware implementation. The developed power conditioning system shows a high efficiency of 91%, which is a very positive result for the commercialization.

High-Efficiency Grid-Tied Power Conditioning System for Fuel Cell Power Generation

정종규,한병문,이준영,최남섭 전력전자학회 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.4

This paper proposes a grid-tied power conditioning system for the fuel cell power generation, which consists of a 2-stage DCDC converter and a 3-phase PWM inverter. The 2-stage DC-DC converter boosts the fuel cell stack voltage of 26-48V up to 400V,using a hard-switching boost converter and a high-frequency unregulated LLC resonant converter. The operation of the proposed power conditioning system was verified through simulations with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on the simulation results, a laboratory experimental set-up was built with a 1.2kW PEM fuel-cell stack to verify the feasibility of hardware implementation. The developed power conditioning system shows a high efficiency of 91%, which is a very positive result for the commercialization.

High-Efficiency Grid-Tied Power Conditioning System for Fuel Cell Power Generation

J. Lee,B. Han,K. Choi 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

This paper proposes a grid-tied power conditioning system for the fuel cell power generation, which consists of a 2-stage DC-DC converter and a 3-phase PWM inverter. The 2-stage DC-DC converter boosts the fuel cell stack voltage of 26-48V up to 400V, using the hard-switching boost converter and the high-frequency unregulated LLC resonant converter. A laboratory experimental set-up was built with the 1.2㎾ PEM fuel-cell stack to verify the feasibility of hardware implementation. The developed power conditioning system shows high efficiency of 91%, which is very positive result for the commercialization.

The development of High efficiency fuel processor for technical independence 5kW class fuel cell system

이수재(Lee, Soojae),최대현(Choi, Daehyun),전희권(Jun, Heekwon) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.06

Fuel Cell cogeneration system is a promising technology for generating electricity and heat with high efficiency of low pollutant emission. We have been developed 5kW class fuel cell cogeneration system for commercial and residential application. The fuel processor is a crucial part of producing hydrogen from the fossil fuels such as LNG and LPG. The 5kW class high efficiency fuel processor consists of steam reformer, CO shift converter, CO preferential oxidation(PrOx) reactor, burner and heat exchanger. The one-stage CO shift converter process using a metal oxide catalyst was adopted. The efficiency of 5 kW class fuel processor shows 75% based on LHV. In addition, for the purpose of continuous operation with load fluctuations in the commercial system for residential use, load change of fuel processor was tested. Efficiency of 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% load shows 75%, 75%, 73% and 72%(LHV), respectively. Also, during the load change conditions, the product gas composition was stable and the outlet CO concentration was below 5 ppm. The Fuel processor operation was carried out in residential fuel cell cogeneration system with fuel cell stack under dynamic conditions. The 5kW class fuel processor have been evaluated for long-term durability and reliability test including with improvement in optimal operation logic.

소형 열병합 연료전지 연계형 연료처리시스템 개발

차정은(Cha, Jung-Eun),전희권(Jun, Hee-Kwon),박정주(Park, Jung-Joo),고윤택(Ko, Youn-Taek),황정태(Hwang, Jung-Tae),장원철(Chang, Won-Chol),김진영(Kim, Jin-Young),김태원(Kim, Tae-Won),김인기(Kim, In-Ki),정영식(Jeong, Young-Sik),갈한주(K 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.06

To extract hydrogen for stack, fuels such as LPG and LNG were reformed in the fuel processor, which is comprised of desulfurizer, reformer, shift converter, CO remover and steam generator. All elements of fuel processor are integrated in a single package. Highly active catalysts (desulfurizing adsorbent, reforming catalyst, CO shift catalyst, CO removal catalyst) and the various burners were developed and evaluated in this study. The performance of the developed catalysts and the commercial ones was similar. 1 kW, 5 kW class fuel processor systems using the developed catalyst and burner showed efficiency of 75 %(LHV, for LNG). The start-up time of the 1 kW class fuel processor was less than 50 minutes and its volume including insulation was about 30 l. The start-up time of 3 kW and 5 kW class fuel processors with the volume of 90 l and 150 l, respectively, was about 60 minutes. In the case of LPG fuel, efficiency, volume and start-up time of 1kW class fuel processor showed 73 %(LHV), < 60 l and < 60 min, respectively. Advanced fuel processor showed more highly efficiency and shorter start-up time due to the improvement of heat exchanger and operating method. 1 kW and 3 kW class fuel processors have been evaluated for reliability and durability including with on/off test of developed catalysts and burner.