성인자녀에 대한 경제적 지원 및 도구적 지원에 영향을 미치는 요인

홍성희(Sunghee Hong) 가정과삶의질학회 2019 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.37 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influencing factors of parents regarding the financial and instrumental support to their adult children. The data used was the Korean General Social Survey from the Survey Research Center at Sung Kyun Kwan University. Samples included 477 parents who had provided financial support to more than one adult child. The research model was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the number of family members living together had a significant impact on parent-to-child financial support, with the most significant impact on parent-to-child instrumental support. Average monthly household income(log) had a significant impact on parental financial support to adult children. The level of support from parents was influenced by whether the adult children reciprocated support to them or not. Moreover, parental financial support to adult children was exchanged with instrumental support; likewise parental financial support to adult children was exchanged with instrumental support from their children reciprocally. These results showed reciprocity in financial and instrumental transfers between parents and adult children. The mother’s employment status had positive effects on financial support, and negative effects on instrumental support to adult children. These results showed that support from child to parent is an important variable affecting the level of parental financial and instrumental support to their adult children. Parent-to-child financial and instrumental support differed based on gender; in other words, fathers and mothers supported their adult children differently.

서민금융지원제도 운영 실태 및 발전 방향

천규승 한국금융교육학회 2018 금융교육연구 Vol.3 No.-

현대 경제사회에서 정부는 시장의 원활한 작동을 돕기 위한 룰의 제정이나 경쟁 촉진 뿐 아니라 소득 재분배, 나아가 시장 질서로는 해결하기 어려운 다양한 정책적 보완 활동을 한다. 그 중 가장 중요한 것이 민생경제의 원활한 작동을 지원하기 위한 공공서비스의 제도적 강구이고, 특히 금융생활에서 소외되기 쉬운 서민 대중을 포용하기 위한 금융지원정 책이다. 정부가 금융생활 정상화가 어려운 서민 계층의 금융생활 안정을 앞장서 지원하는 제도적 노력은 지원 대상이 되는 금융취약 계층을 위한 재생 프로그램이 될 뿐 아니라. 국민 각층의 성숙된 경제 환경을 조성하기 위한 필수적 인프라 역할을 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 정부는 다양한 정책 자금을 활용하여 금리 등의 거래 조건을 지원함으로써 서민 금융생활의 어려움을 줄여주려 노력하고 있다. 서민 생활과 밀접한 관계가 있는 공공기관 과 금융회사를 통해 저소득 자영업자나 근로자 등 금융생활 소외계층을 대상으로 사업자 금이나 생활자금, 주거안정자금, 교육비 등을 저리로 빌려주거나 특례 보증해주고, 고금 리 대출을 저금리 대출로 바꿔주는 한편, 불입금에 일정비율의 액수를 더해 주는 매칭형 적금 상품과 소액 보험, 소액 신용카드 상품도 제한적으로 지원하고 있는 것이다. 현재의 서민금융지원제도는 대부분 대출상품 위주로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 대출은 서민 가계경 제의 구조적 결함을 메워주지는 못한고 경제적 자립의 기회를 놓치게 만들기 쉽다. 향후 의 서민금융지원제도는 부채의존형에서 저축지향형으로 바뀌어야 하며, 서민 계층의 생활 환경에 특화된 보험 기능과 안정성이 강화된 투자 상품 지원 기능도 보완되어야 할 것이다. 또한 정보 제공 및 지원 채널을 단순ㆍ일원화하고 금융교육과 상담을 의무화하여 올 바른 금융습관 조성에 집중할 필요가 있다. 정책당국은 금융소외계층의 생활 안정이 사회 적 갈등 해소와 건전한 시장형성으로 안정 성장의 기틀을 형성한다는 관점에서 무엇보다 도 먼저 예산 배분의 패러다임을 적극적으로 바꾸어야 할 것이다. In modern economic societies, the government not only enacts rules to support smooth operation of the market, promotes competition, but also carries out redistribution of income, various policy complementary activities that are difficult to solve with market order. The most important rule is to develop institutional framework of public services to support the smooth functioning of the living economy, especially financial inclusion for the populace who are easily neglected in financial life. Government’s institutional efforts to support the stabilization of the financial life of the populace whom are difficult to normalize their financial life, are not only a rehabilitation program for the financial vulnerable groups, but also serve as an essential infrastructure to create a mature economic environment. For this, the government is trying to reduce the difficulties of the financial life of the populace by supporting the transaction conditions such as interest rates by utilizing various policy funds. Through public institutions and financial institutions that are closely related to the lives of populace, it helps low-income self-employed and underprivileged people in financial life by not only providing loans or special guarantees for business funds, living funds, housing funds, and education expenses but also turning high-interest loans to low-interest loans. In addition, the government also provides limited support for matching-type savings products, micro-insurance, and micro-credit card products that add a certain amount of premiums to help those people to draw up a sum of money. Current financial support system for the populace is mainly composed of loan products, because it has been developed by expanding the private micro-credit loan business to the public sector in the policy dimension during overcoming the IMF economic crisis. From the standpoint of the public, who can not raise funds for business, education, and living, loans can be the most urgent support. However, loans do not fill the structural defects of the economy of populace. Although it may be able to turn off the fire of the foot right now, it leads to the deficiency of the repayment burden of the principal and the will to make money, and it makes them to miss the opportunity of economic independence. In order for the future financial support system of populace to stabilize the lives of the populace and to help them to move away from the low-income low-net status to the middle class, it is necessary to change from the debt-dependent type to the savings-oriented type. Addition to that, various insurance functions specialized in the living environment of the populace should be systematically expanded so that those populace can be protected from the various financial crises and achieve predictable and stable economic life. In the long run, it should be supported by investment products that have enhanced stability by complementing market limitations. In order to secure the effectiveness of the system, it is necessary to concentrate on creating the right financial habits. For this, information provision and product application channel should be simple and unified, also education and counseling should be mandatory. It is the most important to policy makers to aggressively change the paradigm of budget allocation from the viewpoint that the stability of life of financial underprivileged forms the basis of stable growth by resolution of social conflicts and healthy market formation.

사회적기업 재정지원 개선방안에 대한 소고

이은선 동국대학교 비교법문화연구소 2024 비교법연구 Vol.24 No.3

While social enterprises have been contributing to solving social problems such as employment of the vulnerable and expansion of social services along with quantitative growth, their limitations are also revealed, such as their small size, concentration in job provision type, and dependence on government subsidies. Against this background, this paper examines the current legislation and legal discussions based on social enterprise financial support, draws implications for social enterprise financial support in Korea through a review of overseas cases such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Spain, and suggests ways to improve social enterprise financial support. Since the enactment of the Social Enterprise Promotion Act, 22 amendments have been made to the Act and new laws have been proposed, but financial support for social enterprises is still centered on direct financial support, and an ecosystem for financing or an investment environment has not been created. As a result of reviewing overseas cases, focusing on the United States, the United Kingdom, and Spain, It found that, first, major countries have found limitations in financing social enterprises and are diversifying their financing methods from direct financial support such as government subsidies to solidarity funds and mixed funds with private capital matching; second, when focusing on vulnerable employment, they are providing more direct financial support than before to increase the sustainability of enterprises, while also providing regulatory provisions that allow enterprises to continue to pursue their social purpose; and third, connecting with the community is not only in the content of the business but also in the level of financing. Regarding the current status of social enterprises, they can be reclassified into three main types: Labor-integrated, Social problem-solving, and Cooperative or Solidarity social enterprises. The labor-integrated type needs to be supported by expanding direct financial support such as labor cost support, while the social problem-solving type needs to attract market and private investment and create a financial ecosystem to facilitate financing through the financial sector. In the case of cooperative or solidarity type, it is necessary to develop a legal system for the establishment and operation of a fund and the revitalization of financial cooperatives, taking into account the characteristics of the legal entity, and this should be done in conjunction with the discussion on the revision of the Basic Act on Cooperatives, rather than limited to the Social Enterprise Promotion Act.

중소기업 금융지원 정책에 대한 역사적 고찰

박창균,이기영 한국금융학회 2017 금융연구 Vol.31 No.4

본고는 지난 60여년에 걸친 우리나라 중소기업 금융지원 정책을 역사적으로 살펴봄으로써현재의 중소기업 금융지원 시스템이 가지고 있는 구조적 특징의 연원을 추적하고 향후정책방향을 설정함에 있어서 시사점을 도출하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 중소기업에 대한 금융지원은 중소기업정책의 목표를 구현하기 위하여 정책당국이 구사할 수 있는 효과적인 정책수단중 하나이다. 우리나라의 경우에도 금융지원을 중소기업 지원을 위한 유용한 정책수단으로활용해 왔는데 그 특징을 두 가지 정도로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 중소기업 정책은 시대변화에따른 경제발전 전략 수정에 맞추어 조정되어 왔으며 금융지원도 이를 뒷받침하기 위하여변화되었다는 점을 지적할 수 있다. 모든 정부는 예외 없이 시대 변화에 따른 경제발전 전략에맞추어 중소기업 정책을 구사하였고 중소기업 금융지원정책 역시 이에 부합하는 방식으로설계․운용되어 왔다. 즉 중소기업 금융지원정책이 그 자체의 목표를 설정하고 이를 달성하기보다는 보다 광의의 국가정책목표를 이루기 위한 보조 수단으로 활용되었다. 이에 대하여 제한된재정자원을 효과적으로 활용하여 정책 목표를 달성하기 위한 전략이라는 긍정적인 평가를 할수도 있으나 다른 한편으로는 중소기업 금융지원의 일관된 정책목표가 부재한데서 기인한잘못된 정책추진이라는 해석도 가능하다. 둘째, 정책의 효과에 대한 검증 없이 중소기업 금융지원의 규모와 범위가 지속적으로 확대되어 왔다는 점을 지적할 수 있다. 중소기업 금융지원을둘러싼 이해관계자의 왜곡된 유인구조로 인하여 정책의 효과성과 효율성에 대한 별다른 검증없이 중소기업 금융지원 규모와 지원대상이 지속적으로 확대되었다. 정책의 수혜집단인 중소기업이 효과성과 효율성 근거하여 금융지원 규모를 축소하려는 시도에 반대할 것임은 명백하며 정책금융기관도 업무 영역과 영향력 위축을 우려하여 이에 적극적으로 반대할 것이다. 정책당국에 대하여 중소기업 금융지원 정책의 책무성을 요구하는 핵심 주체인 국회의 경우에도중소기업 소유주가 국회의원의 중요한 정치기반을 구성하고 있는 현실에서 중소기업 금융지원규모 축소에 적극적으로 저항해 왔다. 더하여 중소기업은 대기업에 비하여 약자라는 인식으로인하여 중소기업 지원에 우호적인 사회 분위기가 형성되어 있다는 점도 중소기업 금융지원 규모관리를 어렵게 만드는 요인이 되고 있다. 지난 60여년의 역사적 경험을 바탕으로 하여 정치적지형 변화에 영향을 받지 않고 고용과 혁신의 중심축으로서 중소기업에 대한 국민경제적 요구가실현될 수 있도록 중소기업 금융지원 체제가 구축되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of the paper is to examine historical development of SME financial support policies in Korea for the last 60 years and to provide implications to future policy directions. Financial support to SMEs is an effective policy tool to promote SMEs and the Korean Government also has actively utilized the measure in pursuing the policy goal of SME promotion. Two characteristic features of SME financial support policy in Korea should be pointed out. First, SME policy in Korea has been adjusted to changes in development strategy by the government and financial support policy had also been reshuffled to accommodate environmental and institutional changes. Financial support to SMEs has been utilized as a complementary policy tool to achieve a boarder national agenda of development strategy rather than independent set of policy goals. We can cast a positive assessment in that it was inevitable choice to achieve policy goals by making a full use of scarce financial resources. However, it is also possible to interpret it as an evidence to support the claim that the absence of clear policy goals in financial support to SMEs resulted in inconsistent and ineffective policies. Next, it also should be pointed out that the size of financial support to SMEs in Korea has been increasing without serious examination on policy effectiveness. We offer the distorted incentive structure of stake-holders as the main reason. It is natural that the beneficiaries of the policy, SMEs, vehemently object to any attempts to control the size of policy support. Concerned about reduced power in resource allocation, policy agents are also very averse to reduction of policy benefits even if it is based on rigorous assesment on policy effectiveness. In addition, the ultimate public platform asking accountability of government policies, the National Assembly, is also reluctant to initiate discussion on the adequacy of financial support to SMEs since the owners and employees of SMEs are very important body of the constituency. SME financial support policy as well as SME policy should be constantly adjusted as economic and institutional environment change. The lessons from the examination of historical development of SME financial support policies for the last 60 years provide important implication for future policy directions.

효율적 통합학급 운영을 위한 행·재정 지원 현황에 대한 교사 만족도 및 요구 분석

전혜린,이기정 한국학습장애학회 2014 학습장애연구 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 통합학급 운영에 대한 초등학교 교사들의 행·재정적 지원 현황에 대한 만족도를 분석하고, 통합학급 운영 지원 현황에 대한 일반 교사의 지원 요구 강도를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 대구광역시교육청 내 학교 중 통합학급을 운영 중인 20개 초등학교에 재직 중인 교사 205명을 대상으로 하였으며, 최종 분석 자료로 200부를 사용하였다. 설문지는 통합학급에 대한 행·재정적 지원 현황에 대한 만족도, 통합학급에 대한 행·재정적 지원 요구를 측정하기 위해 선행연구에서 개발된 측정도구에서 본 연구와 관련된 문항을 선별하여 이를 재구성하여 사용하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 통합학급 운영에 대한 초등교사의 인적지원 현황에 대한 만족도는 학교장 지원에 대한 만족도가 가장 낮았고, 행정적 지원 현황에 대한 만족도는 모두 낮았다. 재정적 지원 현황에 대한 만족도는 교사에 대한 재정적 지원의 만족도가 매우 낮았다. 둘째, 통합학급 운영에 대한 초등교사의 인적 지원 요구는 학교장의 행정적 지원을 가장 원했고, 행정적 지원 요구로는 장학 지원 시, 30시간 정도의 연수 시간과 실제적으로 도움이 될 수 있는 다양한 형태의 연수를 개발해야 한다고 하였다. 재정적 지원 요구는 추가수당 지급, 선택가산점, 통합학급운영비 등의 다양한 인센티브 지원이 필요하다고 분석되었다. The purpose of this study was to analyze elementary school teachers’ the satisfaction and the need in administrative- financial supports for managing inclusive classroom efficiently. For this purpose, research questions were as follows: 1) how satisfied are elementary school teachers with administrative-financial support for managing inclusive classroom? 2) how intense is elementary school teachers’ need of administrative-financial support for managing inclusive classroom efficiently? The subjects of this study were 205 teachers at 20 elementary schools in the Daegu Metropolitan Office of Education, and 200 questionnaires were used in the final analysis. In order to survey the teachers’ satisfaction and their need of administrative-financial supports for managing inclusive classroom, questionnaires were constructed with previous studies. The satisfaction with administrative-financial supports for managing inclusive classroom was measured by the mean and standard deviation of each question, and the need of supports was analyzed through frequency analysis for multiple choice questions. Major findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, with regard to elementary school teachers’ satisfaction from personnel support part, satisfaction with principals' support was the lowest and satisfaction with administrative support was also low. With regard to satisfaction with financial support, satisfaction with financial support for teachers was very low. Second, with regard to elementary school teachers’ need of personnel support, the strongest needs was the principal’s administrative support. In addition, they demanded administrative support such as supervision support and various forms of inservice-training programs. With regard to need of financial support, they wanted various incentive systems including the extra-pay for individual teachers, selective additional score, and additional funds for managing inclusive classroom. According to these results, it is necessary to develop and to apply new teacher-support model for managing inclusive classroom efficiently, and that new model should be based on teachers' needs analysis such as principal’s administrative support, various forms of inservice-training programs and various incentive systems.

중국 유아교육 재정지원 정책의 현황 및 과제

呂君,한대동,오경희 한국열린유아교육학회 2016 열린유아교육연구 Vol.21 No.4

In order to resolve the problem of restrictions of Early Childhood Educational opportunities, the Chinese government is implementing Early Childhood Education reform and the policy of expansion of financial support. This research aimed to provide some necessary viewpoints on the improvement of the Chinese early childhood education financial support system based on analyzing the current status and features of financial policies. To achieve the objectives, first, the review of the current status and features of Chinese early childhood education and financial policies were conducted. Then the problems of early childhood education financial support were summarized and the viewpoints for development were presented. Through the analysis, although the government increased financial input of early childhood education after the economic reform, the problems such as lack of financial support, lack of government support, government distribution of early childhood education financial support were founded. Consequently the viewpoints for development of Chinese early childhood education financial support were highlighted, the expansion of financial input, the rationalization of financial sharing system, the revolution of financial distribution system and the improvement of equilibrium, the strengthening of the management system and the formulation of laws. 중국정부는 국내의 유아교육기회의 제한에 대한 불만을 해소하기 위해 유아교육개혁과 함께 재정지원 확대에 관한 정책을 실시하고 있다. 이 연구는 중국 유아교육의 재정지원 정책의 현황 및 특징에 관한 분석을 통해 향후 중국 유아교육 재정지원 정책의 발전과제 및 향방을 찾는데 기여하고자 하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 중국 유아교육 및 유아교육 재정정책의 현황 및 특징을 탐색하였으며, 이를 토대로 유아교육 재정 지원의 문제점을 분석, 발전과제를 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 중국은 개혁개방 이후 유아교육의 지속적인 양적 팽창을 이룩하였지만, 정부의 유아교육에 대한 재정지원 부족, 정부의 공적 재정지원 부담 부족, 정부의 재정지원 분배의 불균형 문제에 봉착하고 있었다. 이에, 재정 지원의 확대 및 재정 부담체제의 합리화, 재정 분배의 개혁 및 형평성의 제고, 관리체제 강화 및 법적 장치 마련 등을 발전과제로 제시하였다.

청소년의 금융소비자교육 요구도와 사회적 지지가 만족도, 재참가의도, 구전에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

옥경영 한국소비자정책교육학회 2011 소비자정책교육연구 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 청소년 금융소비자교육에 대한 요구도와 청소년이 속해 있는 사회적 환경에서 발생하는 주변인들의 정서적 지지인 사회적 지지가 금융소비자교육의 긍정적인 수용인 만족도, 재참가의도, 그리고 구전에 어떤 영향 을 미치는지를 분석한 것이다. 이를 위해 먼저 청소년 금융소비자교육분야에 관한 요구도를 분석하였는데, 요구 도가 높은 금융소비자교육분야는 소득과 수입, 돈을 사용하는 의사결정, 지출계획과 방법, 소득과 소비 및 재무, 저축과 저축상품 등으로 나타났다. 이것은 이들이 제공받은 금융소비자교육의 분야에서 확장된 영역으로, 이러한 결과는 청소년 금융소비자교육에 대한 청소년들의 요구도는 금융소비자교육에 노출됨으로써 자신들이 이해하기 용이한 금융소비자교육분야에 대해 더 많은 정보를 요구하게 된다는 것을 의미하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 다음으로 금융소비자교육에 참가한 적이 있는 청소년들의 금융소비자교육에 대한 요구도와 사회적 지지가 청소년들의 금융 소비자교육에 대한 만족도와 재참가의도, 그리고 구전에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 청소년 금융소비자교육에 대한 개인적 요구도는 금융소비자교육의 개인적 수준에서의 긍정적인 수용인 만족도와 재참가의도, 그리고 사회 적 수준에서의 구전 모두에 유의한 영향을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사회적 지지의 경우 금융소비자교육 에 대한 참가를 통한 만족도에는 교사의 지지, 교우의 지지, 그리고 친구의 지지가 유의하게 나타나고, 재참가의 도는 친구의 지지만 유의한 것으로 나타나고 있으며, 구전에는 교우의 지지와 친구의 지지가 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 청소년 금융소비자교육은 먼저 주로 담당하고 있는 학교를 통해 청소년들 에게 금융소비자교육을 제공하여 청소년들을 금융소비자교육에 노출시키고, 이를 바탕으로 개인적으로 관심 있는 부분을 중심으로 하여 체계적으로 확장시킬 수 있는 적절한 방법을 제공하는 것과 친구들과 함께하는 금융소비자 교육프로그램 개발 등이 중요하다고 할 수 있겠다. In this study, we attempt to explore how a personal demand and social support influence to acceptance of adolescents financial education. For the purpose, we explore three research questions; (1) What is the important part in adolescents financial education? (2) How the personal demand and social support influence to satisfaction and revisit intention of adolescents financial education? (3) How the personal demand and social support influence to positive word of mouth of adolescents financial education? First of all, we selected the research objects of the final 273 adolescents who have got financial education, and collected data from questionnaire. For extracting social support variables, we have done factor analysis, and the result showed 4 factors which are parents support, teacher support, classmate support, and friend support. Also we analyzed multi_regression and logistic regression using SAS 9.2 for influence of personal demand and 4 types of social support to satisfaction, revisit intention, and word of mouth of adolescents financial education. The results of analysis therefrom are as the following. Firstly, in the result of the analysis on the influence of personal demand to satisfaction, revisit intention, and word of mouth of adolescents financial education, the higher the personal demand, the higher satisfaction, revisit intention, and word of mouth of adolescents financial education. Secondly, in the result of the analysis on the influence of social support to satisfaction, the higher the teacher support, classmate support, and friend support, the higher satisfaction. Thirdly, in the result of the analysis on the influence of social support to revisit intend, the higher the friend support, the higher revisit intend. Forth, in the result of the analysis on the influence of social support to word of mouth, the higher classmate support, and the friend support, the higher word of mouth.

자원순환사회 전환 촉진을 위한 재활용산업 활성화 방안 재활용 관리제도 전환에 따른 영향 분석

이소라 ( Sora Yi ),신상철 ( Sang-cheol Shin ),박효준 ( Hyo-jun Park ) 한국환경연구원 2016 기본연구보고서 Vol.2016 No.-

The enactment of the Framework Act on Resource Circulation in May 2016 has triggered social discussion on recycling resources and highlighted its necessity. However, few research studies have been completed on plans to boost the recycling industry or analysis of its effectiveness. This study analyzed the impacts of policies that support the recycling industry on the activation of recycling industries (e.g., changes in the number and volume of recycled items) in promoting the transition to a resource recycling society by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and presented supportive plans for policies that boost the recycling industry. This study also used impact analysis results to analyze the effects of tax support granted for the revitalization of recycling industries. To that end, we interviewed experts67) and conducted a survey of 271 recycling companies together their opinions. For impact analysis, SPSS v24.0 and Amos v24.0 were employed while the economic effects of tax benefits granted to recycling industries were determined by using the Static General Equilibrium model. For analysis, we used data in the 2010 Input-Output Table published by the Bank of Korea and investigated the economic effects by assuming an exemption from production tax levied on the waste recycling sector mentioned in the output section. The four revitalization plans established by reflecting the opinion of experts include “financial and tax support, institutional improvement and deregulation, technological development and support, and securing demand and price stability.” The results of a survey designed to analyze the four revitalization plans showed most respondents favored “financial and loan support including the establishment of funds to promote the recycling industry” in the financial and tax support section while the dominant selection in the institutional improvement and deregulation category was “alleviation of inspections focused on crackdown.” In the technological development and support section, most respondents preferred “support for new recycling technologies” while the most common selection in the securing demand and price stability section was “obligating the use of recycled products by public institutions and in government-ordered construction projects (Adding them to the Priority List of Korean government`s online procurement system).” The importance and path-coefficient (priority) derived by using SEM showed the four revitalization plans, institutional improvement and deregulation, financial and tax support, securing demand and price stability, and technological development and support, scored 4.67, 4.61, 4.55, and 4.32, respectively. In the case of path-coefficient (priority), technological development and support (0.72) and securing demand and price stability (0.71) were found to have the greatest impact on promoting the recycling industry over other measures. As a result of analysis based on the TPB, the survey of the level of awareness of the four revitalization plans showed that “attitude (towards the expansion of the recycling business)” received the highest score, followed by “subjective norm, intention, action, and controlled awareness,” in that order. According to the results of the Planned Behavior analysis, “attitude” is one of the most crucial factors contributing to the coefficient of influence that leads to “intention.” In other words, the “intention” to expand the recycling industry is most influenced by “attitude” of “thinking that we need to expand the scale of recycling in our business.” In addition, this study investigated the respondents` willingness to expand the scale of recycling business by asking their intention to increase or decrease their annual treatment quantity and types of waste (number of items) if “financial and tax support” is provided, “recycling usage and methods” are expanded, “technological development and support” are ensured, or “securing demand and price stability” is given. Results show that if “technological development and support” are ensured, the average quantity of treated waste (total quantity per business) will increase by 45,631 tons/year from 30,387 tons/year to 76,018 tons/year. Institutional improvement and deregulation will result in an expansion of 40,809 tons/year. In the case of the average number of waste types (number of items per business), it was found that “securing demand and price stability” would result in the most dramatic change (from 2.6 to 5.0 items). Analysis of the types of waste found that recycling businesses that treat waste plastic are willing to expand their quantities as long as “financial and tax support” is provided or “securing demand and price stability” is given. Recycling businesses that treat waste oil, slag and dust are also influenced the most by “financial and tax support.” Other recycling businesses (including those that specialize in waste paper and glass, scrap metal, spent catalyst, spent carbon, etc.) and those recycling sludge and designated waste are willing to increase their quantities the most when “institutional improvement and deregulation” and “technological development and support,” respectively, are provided. Investigation of the economic effects of production tax exemption found that the variation range of real variables is approximately 0.005% or lower. Application of the assumptions stated in this study would increase private consumption by around 0.0006%. Analyses of the level of importance and path-coefficient indicate that while the recycling industry has selected “institutional improvement and deregulation” as the most important factor, recycling will be promoted more effectively when “technological development and support” are provided. The first step in activating the recycling industry is to understand market changes and then, measures to swiftly cope with these changes must take precedence. It is also important to examine the effectiveness of existing supporting policies. When defining the priority among supporting policies, consideration must be given to which policies have a more positive effect on the recycling industry on the basis of impact and quantitative analysis. The supporting policies proposed in this study are interconnected. For example, if the recycling industry is reclassified and included in the manufacturing industry through institutional improvement, relevant companies will qualify for tax benefits or financial support. Also, product development may result in securing demand. Tailored supporting policies must be introduced after considering these relationships. By sector, the supporting policies can be suggested as follows. First, improvements must be made in policies concerning site location and taxes applied to recycling businesses, which will require modifications to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification Table and expansion of the scope of those eligible for purchase tax deduction in financial and tax support. Second, it is necessary to assist start-ups and new technologies in the recycling sector and organize regular forums that seek regulation improvement as part of “technological development and support.” Third, for securing demand and price stability,” businesses should be obligated to prioritize recycling when treating their waste. Job fairs should be held to expand the scope of employment in the recycling industry.

정부 자금지원과 기업 경영성과: 기업 및 클러스터 특성의 조절효과에 관한 다수준 분석

김희재,정명호 대한산업경영학회 2024 산업융합연구 Vol.22 No.1

정부지원과 기업 경영성과 간 관계에서 기업 고유의 특성과 공간적 특성의 중요성을 강조하는 많은 논의들이 있지만, 기업 특성과 클러스터 특성이 통합적으로 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 정부자금지원의 구체적인 투입에 따른 재무적, 비재무적 성과를 실증분석하고, 정부 자금지원과 기업 경영성과 간에 영향을 조절할 것으로 예측되는 기업 특성 및 클러스터 특성을 탐색하여, 개인 및 집단의 2수준 위계적 선형모형(HLM)으로 분석하였다. 데이터는 사업자등록번호 기준으로 기업 및 클러스터 수준으로 재정리하여 최종적으로 기업수 83,395개사 및 클러스터 641 개의 패널데이터가 활용되었다. 연구 결과, 정부 자금지원은 기업의 매출액과 특허 모두에 정(+)의 효과를 주는 것으로 나타나, 정부 지원이 시장실패를 보완할 수 있는 유효한 수단이라는 것을 보여준다. 위계적 선형모형으로 분석한 결과, 정부 자금지원과 인적자본역량, 흡수역량, 클러스터 네트워크 밀도와 결합할 경우, 모두 매출액과 유의한 정(+)의 효과가 나타났다. 본연구는 2수준 위계적 선형모형으로 분석하여, 기업 특성인 인적자본역량과 흡수역량, 클러스터 특성인 클러스터 네트워크 밀도가 조절효과로 정부 자금지원과 기업경영성과를 조절하는 역할을 수행함을 밝혀 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제공한다. Regarding the discourse on the correlation between governmental financial support and firm performance, much emphasis has been placed on the role of individual corporate characteristics as well as spatial features. However, there is a notable scarcity of empirical research examining the integrated impact of corporate and cluster characteristics on managerial performance. This study addresses this gap by empirically analyzing the financial and non-financial outcomes resulting from specific allocations of governmental financial support. Additionally, it explores corporate and cluster characteristics predicted to moderate the influence between governmental financial support and firm performance. The analysis employs a two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) at individual and group levels. The data, reorganized based on business registration numbers at the firm and cluster levels, ultimately utilized panel data from 83,395 firms and 641 clusters. The research findings indicate that governmental financial support demonstrates a positive effect (+) on both sales and patents for firms, suggesting its effectiveness in complementing market failures. Results from the hierarchical linear model analysis show that when combined with human capital capacity, absorptive capacity, and cluster network density, governmental financial support exhibits significant positive effects on sales. This study contributes theoretical and practical insights by analyzing the relationship between governmental financial support and firm performance using a two-level hierarchical linear model. It highlights the role of corporate characteristics such as human capital and absorptive capacity, along with cluster characteristics like cluster network density, in moderating the effects of governmental financial support on firm performance.

정부의 창업자금지원이 창업가의 사업확장의도에 미치는 영향: 소규모 신생기업을 중심으로

박일주,최종민 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2019 정부학연구 Vol.25 No.1

Recently, government financial support for new entrants has been growing in accordance with government policies. The aim is to help nascent entrepreneurs to start successful businesses through government financial support and ultimately promote job creation and economic growth in the long run. In some cases, however, firms strive to acquire only government financial support without considering the original purpose of financial support and some of them keep their businesses solely with financial support. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of government financial support for startups on the intention of nascent entrepreneurs to expand their business. Based on 767 firms within five years of starting a business, the result showed that to some extent government financial support has a positive effect on the nascent entrepreneurs’ intention to expand their business, however, too much support has a negative effect. This study has an academic significance because it presents a new perspective on government financial support for new entrants. 최근 정부 기조에 따라 창업자금 지원이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 이는 자금지원을 통한 창업가의 성공적인 창업을 도와주고 중장기적으로 일자리 창출과 경제성장이라는 선순환 구조를 만들기 위해서이다. 그런데 정부 지원 자금을 편취하거나 정부 지원만으로 사업체를 유지하려는 경우도 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 정부의 창업자금지원이 창업가의 사업을 확장하는 데 긍정적인 역할을 하는지, 아니면 오히려 역효과로 현상유지(status quo) 행태를 보이는 데 일조하는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 창업 5년 내 767개 기업에 대해 분석한 결과 일정 수준까지의 정부 창업자금지원은 창업가의 사업확장의도에 긍정적인 영향을 주나 그 이상의 창업자금지원은 오히려 부정적인 영향을 미칠 가능성이 존재함을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 정부의 창업자금 지원 관련 새로운 시각을 제시하였다는 데에 학문적 의의가 있다.