허구적 이동의 인지기제

김준홍(Joonhong Kim),임성출(Sungchool Im) 현대문법학회 2012 현대문법연구 Vol.67 No.-

Among the appearances of fictive motion, there are the cases which don t have motion verbs though they present motion. And fictive motion with motion verbs can be divided into two categories, one for tangible objects and the other for intangible objects. As a result, fictive motion can be classified into three categories, fictive motion without motion verbs, fictive motion with motion verbs for tangible objects and fictive motion with motion verbs for intangible objects. The purpose of this study is to search for the cognitive mechanisms of these three different categories, After investigating them, this study will show the differences and common features of the different categories of fictive motion.

가상 이동의 개념과 인식에 대한 연구

임태성(Lim Tae-sung) 한글학회 2018 한글 Vol.- No.320

이 글은 ‘가상 이동’의 개념과 그 인식을 살펴보는 것이 목적이다. ‘가상 이동’의 개념을 명확히 하기 위해, ‘가상’, ‘이동’이라는 용어를 각각 살펴보았다. 우선 ‘이동’에 대한 인식은 ‘실제 이동’의 체험이 심리적으로 확장되며, ‘이동 사건’ 내에서 그 의미가 구체화되어 나타난다. 다음으로, ‘가상’은 인간의 상상력에 의해 투사되는 실재로 간주된다. 이를 통해 ‘가상 이동’은 ‘물리적 공간에서 비이동체의 위치 변화 인식’으로 정의된다. ‘가상 이동’의 인식을 언어적, 인지적 측면으로 살펴보았는데, 우선, 언어적으로 ‘가상 이동’은 ‘전경’, ‘참조점’, ‘경로’를 통해 표현되었다. 첫째, ‘전경’은 실제 대상에 대한 인식에서 관찰 가능 여부 및 인식적 거리에 따라 표현된다. 둘째, ‘참조점’은 이동체에 대한 인식이 나타난 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우로 제시된다. 셋째, ‘경로’에서 속도와 시간은 ‘실제 이동’에 비해 덜 구체적으로 나타난다. 다음으로, ‘가상 이동’ 표현을 인지적으로 해석해 보았다. 첫째, 전경은 ‘주의’, ‘전경-배경’ 역전, 그리고 ‘무대 모형’을 통해 이해된다. 둘째, ‘참조점’에서 직, 간접 이동에 대한 체험이 반영된다. 셋째, ‘경로’를 통한 ‘시간’ 인식이 ‘주사’라는 방식으로 해석된다. The paper aims to explain concept and perception in fictive motion. This study investigates the words ‘fictive’ and ‘motion’ in order to clarify the concept of fictive motion. First, the meaning of motion is explicit in a ‘motion event’. Also, ‘motion’ psychologically extends from an experience of actual motion. Next, ‘fictive’ is regarded as the reality projected by human’s imagination. Through each perception, ‘fictive motion’ is defined as perceiving the changes in direction of the non-moving entity in the physical space. This study also examines linguistic and cognitive aspects of perception in fictive motion. Regarding linguistic aspects, the expressions of fictive motion linguistically differ from actual motion in ‘figure’, ‘reference point’ and ‘path’. First, ‘figure’ which expresses the subject in sentences is perceived in two ways in fictive motion. One is observable or unobservable, and the other is perceived as distance. Second, ‘reference point’ which is expressed as an adverb in sentences is perceived as a moving-entity or not. Third, the expressions of speed and time in ‘path’ are not specific in fictive motion expressions. Next, linguistic phenomena construe cognitive aspects. First, ‘figure’ is understood by ‘attention’, ‘figure-ground’ reversal, and ‘stage model’. Second, ‘reference point’ is regarded as experiences of direct or indirect motion. Third, time perception through the ‘path’ is understood by ‘scanning’.

이동의 가상적 확장에 대한 연구

임태성(Lim, Taesung) 담화·인지언어학회 2018 담화와 인지 Vol.25 No.3

This study investigates the meaning extension of motion. Motion constitutes fundamental aspects in human experiences, which extend to abstract or fictive motion due to semantic components of ‘motion event’. Semantic components consist of figure, ground, motion, path, manner, and cause in ‘motion event’. The fictive extension of motion can be explained through ‘mapping’ in conceptual metaphor theory, which explains that ‘target domain’ is mapped by ‘source domain’. The present study shows that fictive extension is manifested through a metaphorical conceptualization in which A NON-MOVING THING IS A MOVING THING. A non-moving thing is perceived as a moving thing from the conceptualizer’s perception. Next, fictive extension is classified as relative and psychological extension depending on the existence of ‘reference point’. To be more specific, relative extension is perceived as motion by ‘reference point’ of a moving entity. Relative extension can be classified as two types: One is that conceptualizer is mapped by the salient property where conceptualizer is the ‘reference point’. The other is that the path is mapped by the salient property where the moving entity is the ‘reference point’. Furthermore, psychological extension is perceived as motion without ‘reference point’. Psychological extension is that motion is mapped by the salient property when observed through the naked eye. This study concludes that the motion has various aspects of extension through semantic components.

경로 동사를 통한 가상이동 인식에 대한 연구

임태성 한국어의미학회 2020 한국어 의미학 Vol.68 No.-

This study investigates the semantic characteristics of path expression through path verbs in fictive motion. In the previous research, the fictive motion was examined the definition, classification, and experimental studies on such recognition. This study examined the way of the path expression realized through the path verbs and its semantic characteristics. The results of this study are as follows. First of all, motion perception in fictive motion appears through specific paths and motion, and path perception precedes. In addition, there are an postposition or a path verb in the way of representing the path in Korean. This indicates that fictive motion perception is closely related to the PATH scheme. Next, in fictive motion, the path markers appear as adverbs with postposition ‘을(를)’, which indicates the whole event, as well as postposition such as ‘에서’ and ‘까지’. The types are divided into ‘linear’, ‘curved’ and ‘accompaniment’, and the schematic is presented. First, ‘linear’ is a motion perception through a point on the motion path, second, ‘curved’ is a motion perception through a curved motion path, and third, ‘accompaniment’ is a motion perception through a accompaniment object. Various path perception in fictive motion show the diversity of the range of paths that can be fictively recognized, and also the diversity and delicacy of human thinking.

허구적 이동의 발현 양상

김준홍(Joon Hong Kim) 언어과학회 2011 언어과학연구 Vol.58 No.-

The stationary objects around us are sometimes regarded as moving objects by our cognitive system even though they don`t have real motion. This is called Fictive Motion. In Motion Event theory, it displays different aspects in structure from Factive Motion which has real motion. In this paper, after surveying some constraints for Fictive Motion in English and in Korean, selected examples will be cross-checked with each other`s constraints. In addition to Fictive Motion that has been about tangible objects, the aspects about intangible objects such as ``The price goes up``, which have not been paid attention to a lot so far, are discussed as a type of Fictive motion. After the constraints that have appeared so far in studies on Fictive motion for tangible objects, outlined here, are applied to the new type of Fictive motion for intangible objects, the differences and the common features of the groups in English and in Korean will be investigated. (Kyungpook National University)

가상 이동의 의미 구성 방식 연구

임태성(Tae Sung Lim) 언어과학회 2013 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.66

This paper aims to examine fictive motion in language entails a major cognitive pattern: discrepancy within the cognition of a single individual. The discrepancy is between two different cognitive representations of the same entity, where one of the representations is assessed and experienced as more veridical than other. Chapter 2 presents conceotual metaphor, conceptual metonymy and conceptual blending in cognitive linguistics. Chapter3 provides the types of motion events, which are divided into ``factive motion``, and ``fictive motion`` The factive motion is a physical motion which we experience. The figurative motion expresses an abstract entity through conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy.The fictive motion is evoked by a discrepancy within one`s cognition. The fictive motion can be manifested between verbal language and viual perception. Chapter4 investigates fictive motion in Korean motion verbs ``dalrida``, ``geodda``, and ``ddwida.`` Conceptual blending serves to specift fictive motion schema. The rationale is that the motion verbs reflect the extensive cognitive representation of dynamicity.

가상 이동 구문의 확장 양상 연구

임태성 ( Lim Tae-sung ) 한국문학언어학회(구 경북어문학회) 2017 어문론총 Vol.73 No.-

이 연구는 인지언어학의 관점에서 가상 이동에 나타난 구문의 양상과 그 의미 특성을 살펴보았다. `가상 이동`이란 실제 이동에 대한 경험의 확장으로, 비이동체를 이동으로 인식할 수 있는 인지 능력으로, `상대적 이동`과 `심리적 이동`으로 분류된다. `구문문법`은 `구문`이 인간 경험에 본질적인 장면을 지시하며, `구문` 자체의 의미를 가진다고 가정한다. 이에 따라 `가상 이동` 표현에서 나타난 구문을 살펴보았다. `가상 이동`의 유형 중 `상대적 이동`에서 `개념화자의 이동`은 대상이 경로로 움직이다와 대상이 배경을 통해 움직이다라는 경험을 가지며, `참조대상의 이동`은 대상이 배경인 이동체를 통해 경로로 움직이다라는 경험을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 `심리적 이동`에서 `육안 관찰적 이동`은 대상이 경로나 양상으로 움직이다라는 경험을 가지며, `심안 관찰적 이동`은 대상이 경로로 움직이다와 대상이 움직이다라는 경험을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 각각의 경험들은 서로 연결되는데, `개념화자의 이동`에서 `참조대상의 이동`과 `육안 관찰적 이동`으로 확장을 살펴볼 수 있고, `육안 관찰적 이동`에서 `심안 관찰적 이동`으로 확장을 살펴볼 수 있다. This study aimed to investigate the semantic properties of Fictive Motion Construction based on Cognitive Linguistics. Fictive motion is a cognitive ability that perceives a non-moving entity as a moving entity based on the experience of motion. Fictive motion is sub-classified relative motion and psychological motion. Its construction reflects scenes that are basic to human experience, and then the construction has its own meaning in Construction Grammar. First, the conceptualizer motion in relative motion has an experience on The object moves to a path and The object moves through the ground, whereas the reference motion has an experience on The object moves to a path through the moving entity as ground. Second, the-naked-eye motion in psychological motion has an experience on The object moves to a path or an aspect, whereas the mind`s eye motion has an experience on The object moves to a path and The object moves. These constructions interlink with each other. The conceptualizer motion constructions extend to the reference motion constructions and the-naked-eye motion constructions. The-naked-eye motion constructions extend to the mind`s eye motion constructions.

영어 및 한국어에 나타난 가상이동 연구

이주익,임태성 담화·인지언어학회 2023 담화와 인지 Vol.30 No.4

This study aims to categorize fictive motion based on affordances for human translocation, examining and comparing the language-specific characteristics in both English and Korean. The research yielded several key findings. First, path expression emerged as a fundamental element in both languages, with the perception of horizontal and vertical movements linked to the comprehending of linear motion. Second, distinct differences were observed between English and Korean. In English, Type A fictive motion was characterized by the use of adverbs to indicate manner, along with a diverse range of verbs denoting non-linear movement. For Type B fictive motion, quasi-predicatives were prominent in conveying the state of the path, and the use of verbs for non-linear movement was relatively uncommon. In Korean, the progressive form ‘-ko it-’ was observed in fictive motion of Type A, while both horizontal and vertical movements appeared sequentially within a single sentence in fictive motion of Type B. These language-specific traits were analyzed as manifestations of an ‘egocentric viewing arrangement’ within the ‘stage model.’ Consequently, while the perception of horizontal movement in fictive motion was similar in English and Korean, variations in specificity were evident. Additionally, the perception of vertical movement differed based on the chosen viewing arrangement method.

Fictive Motion and Its Conventionality

Sungchool Im 현대문법학회 2011 현대문법연구 Vol.64 No.-

Stationary circumstances are systematically and extensively conceptualized as moving with linguistic expressions used to refer to actual motion. This is called subjective or fictive motion in the literature. Research has been done on subjective/fictive motion expressions but most of them have focused on descriptions of different types of fictive motion. The purpose of this paper is to provide a unified account of conceptualization of different types of fictive motion in terms of Figure and Ground organization. In this study, three representative types of fictive motion are considered : coextensiveness, relative motion, and change of state.

‘달리다’에 나타난 이동 사건의 의미 속성

임태성 한국어의미학회 2012 한국어 의미학 Vol.38 No.-

This paper discusses motion and its event, which is focused on ‘dalida’ in Korean. This is based on experientialism in Cognitive Linguistics, which language reflects our experience. Motion is classified not only physical motion but also psychological motion. Physical motion motivates psychological motion. Psychological motion divides situated and fictive motions. Motion event is the frame of direct or indirect events or situations that we experience. This paper discusses the semantic components of the verb ‘dalida’ referring to Talmy(2000)’s analyses. The semantic components are Figure, Ground, Motion, Path, Manner and Cause in Talmy. ‘dalida’ is a motion verb conflated with the Manner of ‘fast’. In respect of physical motion, ‘dalida’ expresses semantic components of Starting point, Path, and End point as well as Figure and Ground. Those components trigger our cognitional expansion into psychological motion. In other words, psychological motion provokes the conceptualizer's imaginative motion. Therefore, the semantic expansion of the motion verb 'dalida' is various and unpredictable while we perceive 'dalida' within a straight line.