ILS용 100 MHz 대역 Cartesian Feedback 선형 전력증폭기 설계

김수경,구경헌 한국전자파학회 2024 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.35 No.4

본 논문은 Cartesian feedback 선형화 방법을 적용하여 ILS용 100 MHz 대역 전력증폭기의 IMD(intermodulation distortion)와 PAE(power-added efficiency)의 특성을 개선하였다. 전력증폭기, I/Q 변조기와 복조기를 시뮬레이션하고, 전력증폭기를 제작하여 측정한 결과는, 시뮬레이션과 유사한 특성을 얻었으며 요구성능 규격을 만족하였다. 변조 주파수가90 Hz와 150 Hz이며 AM(amplitude modulation) 변조도가 각각 20 %인 변조 신호에서, Cartesian feedback 선형 전력증폭기는 45 dBm 출력에서 IMD가 −43.95 dBc 특성을 보였고, 선형화 적용으로 28.22 dB의 IMD 개선 효과가 있었다. 또한전력증폭기의 PAE는 40.12 %의 고효율 특성을 얻었고, 기존 설계된 전력증폭기와 비교하면 15.74 %의 PAE 개선 효과를확인하였다. 협대역 AM 변조 신호를 사용하는 계기착륙시설(ILS: instrument landing system) 송신부에, 설계한 Cartesian feedback 선형 전력증폭기를 적용하여 IMD 및 PAE 성능 개선이 가능함을 확인하였다. This study aimed to improve the characteristics of intermodulation distortion (IMD) and power-added efficiency (PAE) of a 100-MHz-band instrument landing system (ILS) power amplifier using Cartesian feedback linearization. The power amplifier, I/Q modulator, and demodulator circuits were simulated. The characteristics of the manufactured amplifier were similar to the simulation results and met the required performance specifications. In a modulation signal with modulation frequencies of 90 Hz and 150 Hz, and amplitude modulation (AM) depths of 20 % each, the designed Cartesian feedback–linearized power amplifier achieved an IMD characteristic of –43.95 dBc at an output power of 45 dBm. This indicates an IMD improvement of 28.22 dB compared to that of the nonlinear amplifier. Moreover, the designed power amplifier exhibited a high-efficiency characteristic with a PAE of 40.12 %, indicating an improvement of 15.74 % compared with the PAE of the previously designed power amplifier. This study confirmed that the IMD and PAE characteristics can be improved by employing the designed Cartesian feedback–linearized power amplifier in the transmitter of an ILS that uses narrowband AM signals.

Luenberger-Like Observer-based Feedback Linearization with Robust Controller for Pseudolinear Systems

Bin-Yih Juang 제어로봇시스템학회 2019 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

This paper discusses an observer-based robust control scheme for perturbed pseudolinear systems, which is a nonlinear system that can fully feedback linearization. The aforementioned robust control scheme involves an observer-based input-output exact feedback linearization (EFL) controller, a robust feedback controller, and an observer. The gain of the robust feedback controller and the observer is a binomial coefficient-type gain. In addition, through an quasi-similarity transformation (QST), the robust control scheme is applied to an observer-based approximate feedback linearization(AFL) method. The state variables are estimated using a Luenberger-like nonlinear observer. The simulation results show that this robust control scheme provides good robustness to the system"s parameter uncertainty and mode error and confirms that the QST between the AFL and EFL occurs correctly.

T-S 퍼지모델을 이용한 이산 시간 비선형계통의 상태 궤환 선형화

김태규(Tae Kue Kim),왕법광(Faguang Wang),박승규(Seung Kyu Park),윤태성(Tae Sung Yoon),안호균(Ho Kyun Ahn),곽군평(Gun Pyong Kwak) 한국지능시스템학회 2009 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.19 No.6

본 논문은 이산 시간 비선형 시스템을 이산 시간 T-S 퍼지 모델에 의해 표현되는 새로운 궤환 선형화에 대해서 논한다. T-S fuzzy 모델의 국부적인 선형 모델들은 각각 가제어 표준형으로 변환되어지고, 그것들의 T-S 퍼지 결합은 궤환 선형화 가능한 T-S fuzzy 모델이 된다. 이 모델을 토대로 비선형 상태 궤환 선형 입력이 결정된다. 비선형 상태 변환은 가제어 표준형에 대한 선형 상태 변환으로부터 추론된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 충분한 수학적 배경이 요구되는 고전적인 궤환 선형화 기법과 비교하여 수학적으로 보다 직관적이고 이해하기 쉽다. 본 논문의 궤환 선형화 조건은 고전적인 궤환 선형화와 비교하여 더 완화되었다. 이것은 고전적인 선형화방식 보다 더 큰 범주의 비선형 시스템이 선형화가 가능해진다는 것을 의미 한다. In this paper, a novel feedback linearization is proposed for discrete-time nonlinear systems described by discrete-time T-S fuzzy models. The local linear models of a T-S fuzzy model are transformed to a controllable canonical form respectively, and their T-S fuzzy combination results in a feedback linearizable Tagaki-Sugeno fuzzy model. Based on this model, a nonlinear state feedback linearizing input is determined. Nonlinear state transformation is inferred from the linear state transformations for the controllable canonical forms. The proposed method of this paper is more intuitive and easier to understand mathematically compared to the well-known feedback linearization technique which requires a profound mathematical background. The feedback linearizable condition of this paper is also weakened compared to the conventional feedback linearization. This means that larger class of nonlinear systems is linearizable compared to the case of classical linearization.

SSCI Mitigation of Series-compensated DFIG Wind Power Plants with Robust Sliding Mode Controller using Feedback Linearization

Penghan Li,Linyun Xiong,Jie Wang,Meiling Ma,Muhammad Waseem Khan 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.2

A robust controller is designed based on feedback linearization and sliding mode control to damp sub-synchronous control interaction (SSCI) in doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind power plants (WPPs) interfaced with the grid. A feedback-linearized sliding mode controller (FLSMC) is developed for the rotor-side converter (RSC) through feedback linearization, design of the sliding mode controller, and parameter tuning with the use of particle swarm optimization. A series-compensated 100-MW DFIG WPP is adopted in simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed FLSMC at different compensation degrees and wind speeds. The performance of the designed controller in damping SSCI is compared with proportional-integral controller and conventional sub-synchronous resonance damping controller. Besides the better damping capability, the proposed FLSMC enhances robustness of the system under parameter variations.

Advanced Control of Three-Phase Four-Wire Inverters using Feedback Linearization under Unbalanced and Nonlinear Load Conditions

Nguyen Qui Tu Vo(보위엔뀌투),Dong-Choon Lee(이동춘) 전력전자학회 2013 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.4

In this paper, a feedback linearization control is proposed to regulate the output voltages of a three-phase four-wire inverter under the unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions. First, the nonlinear model of system including the output LC filters is derived in the d-q-0 synchronous reference frame. Then, the system is linearized by the multi-input multi-output feedback linearization. The tracking controllers for d-q-0-components of three-phase line-to-neutral load voltages are designed by linear control theory. The experimental results have shown that the proposed control method gives the good performance in response to the load conditions.

Advanced Control of Three-Phase Four-Wire Inverters using Feedback Linearization under Unbalanced and Nonlinear Load Conditions

보위엔뀌투,이동춘 전력전자학회 2013 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.4

In this paper, a feedback linearization control is proposed to regulate the output voltages of a three-phase four-wire inverter under the unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions. First, the nonlinear model of system including the output LC filters is derived in the d-q-0 synchronous reference frame. Then, the system is linearized by the multi-input multi-output feedback linearization. The tracking controllers for d-q-0-components of three-phase line-to-neutral load voltages are designed by linear control theory. The experimental results have shown that the proposed control method gives the good performance in response to the load conditions.

Robust Stabilization of Approximately Feedback Linearizable Time-varying Systems with Uncertainties Using Singular Perturbation

Young-Jun Cho,Kyung-In Kang,Min-Sung Koo,Jong-Tae Lim 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

We consider the robust stabilization of approximately feedback linearizable time-varying systems with uncertainties. By using high-gain feedback, we can transform the original system into the singularly perturbed system. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, we propose a new stabilizing controller by using singular perturbation and feedback linearization. The proposed method relaxes the conditions for feedback linearization and compensates the effect of uncertainties.

Design, Implementation, and Flight Tests of a Feedback Linearization Controller for Multirotor UAVs

이다솔,이한섭,이재현,심현철 한국항공우주학회 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

This paper proposes a feedback-linearization-based control algorithm for multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The feedback linearization scheme is highly efficient for considering nonlinearity between the rotational and translational motion of multirotor UAVs. We also propose a dynamic equation that reflects the aerodynamic effects of the vehicles; the equation’s parameters can be determined through curve fitting using actual flight data. We derive the feedback linearization controller from the proposed dynamic equation, and propose a Luenberger observer to attenuate measurement noises. The proposed algorithm is implemented using our in-house flight control computer, and we describe its implementation in detail. To investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we carry out two flight scenarios: the first scenario, an autonomous landing on a moving platform, is a test of maneuverability; the second, picking up and replacing an object, test the algorithm’s accuracy. In these scenarios, the proposed algorithm precisely controls multirotor UAVs, and we confirm that it can be successfully applied to real flight environments.

SSCI Mitigation of Series-compensated DFIG Wind Power Plants with Robust Sliding Mode Controller using Feedback Linearization

Li, Penghan,Xiong, Linyun,Wang, Jie,Ma, Meiling,Khan, Muhammad Waseem The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.2

A robust controller is designed based on feedback linearization and sliding mode control to damp sub-synchronous control interaction (SSCI) in doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind power plants (WPPs) interfaced with the grid. A feedback-linearized sliding mode controller (FLSMC) is developed for the rotor-side converter (RSC) through feedback linearization, design of the sliding mode controller, and parameter tuning with the use of particle swarm optimization. A series-compensated 100-MW DFIG WPP is adopted in simulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed FLSMC at different compensation degrees and wind speeds. The performance of the designed controller in damping SSCI is compared with proportional-integral controller and conventional sub-synchronous resonance damping controller. Besides the better damping capability, the proposed FLSMC enhances robustness of the system under parameter variations.

Design, Implementation, and Flight Tests of a Feedback Linearization Controller for Multirotor UAVs

Lee, Dasol,Lee, Hanseob,Lee, Jaehyun,Shim, David Hyunchul The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

This paper proposes a feedback-linearization-based control algorithm for multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The feedback linearization scheme is highly efficient for considering nonlinearity between the rotational and translational motion of multirotor UAVs. We also propose a dynamic equation that reflects the aerodynamic effects of the vehicles; the equation's parameters can be determined through curve fitting using actual flight data. We derive the feedback linearization controller from the proposed dynamic equation, and propose a Luenberger observer to attenuate measurement noises. The proposed algorithm is implemented using our in-house flight control computer, and we describe its implementation in detail. To investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we carry out two flight scenarios: the first scenario, an autonomous landing on a moving platform, is a test of maneuverability; the second, picking up and replacing an object, test the algorithm's accuracy. In these scenarios, the proposed algorithm precisely controls multirotor UAVs, and we confirm that it can be successfully applied to real flight environments.