Dietary supplement use and its related factors among Chinese international and Korean college students in South Korea

Linxi Huang,Yoo Hye-Jong,Abe Satoko,Yoon Jihyun 한국영양학회 2023 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.17 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The consumption of dietary supplements has shown an increase among young people in their 20s. We aimed to compare the use of dietary supplements and related factors between Chinese international and Korean college students living in South Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted online surveys of 400 Chinese international students and 452 Korean college students from January to February 2021. We analyzed the factors related to the use of dietary supplements by these students using multi-group structural equation modeling and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Approximately 65% of the Chinese international students and 93% of the Korean college students consumed dietary supplements at least once in the year preceding the survey. The common types of dietary supplements consumed by both groups of students were vitamin and mineral supplements, Lactobacillus products, and red ginseng products. Structural equation modeling showed that perception of the consumption of dietary supplements by family and friends positively influenced attitude toward dietary supplements. This effect was higher for Korean college students than for Chinese international students (P < 0.01). Attitude toward dietary supplements positively influenced their use, and this effect was higher for Chinese international students than for Korean college students (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the use of dietary supplements by Chinese international students was significantly associated with age, self-reported health status, interest in health, perception of and attitude toward dietary supplements, and length of residence in South Korea. Among Korean college students, it was associated with exercise frequency and attitude toward dietary supplements. CONCLUSION: This study showed significant differences in the use of dietary supplements and related factors between Chinese international and Korean college students. Therefore, nutrition education programs on dietary supplements need to have differentiated content for each group. Such differences also suggest that the industry should consider the relevant characteristics of college students while developing and marketing dietary supplements.

임상연구 : 수술 전 환자들에서 식이보조제의 사용

박성우 ( Sung Woo Park ),김난숙 ( Nan Suk Kim ),이미경 ( Mi Kyoung Lee ),공명훈 ( Myoung Hoon Kong ),김희주 ( Hee Zoo Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.1

Background: Several survey reported that use of dietary supplements including herbal medicine was common in the preoperative period. The use of such remedies has implications for the anesthesiologists because of the potential for drug interactions and side effects. Little information is available on the frequency of use in the surgical population in Korea. This study was purposed to find out the frequency and predictors of the use of dietary supplements in presurgical patients. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to all patients at the preoperative visit from May 2006 to August 2006. The questionnaire inquired as to basic demographics, use of dietary supplements, the name and number of dietary supplements used, reasons to take the dietary supplements, and whether the patient had informed anesthesiologist of the use. Results: A total 1,072 completed surveys showed that overall 37% of presurgical patients reported the use of dietary supplements. Less than half of the patients told their anesthesiologists that they were using dietary supplements. The most commonly used dietary supplements were ginseng, soy, glucosamine, garlic, prunus mume, mushroom, siberian ginseng, fish oils, aloe, ginger, and gingko in order of incidence. Young age was predictor associated with lower use of dietary supplements. Conclusions: Use of dietary supplements is common in the preoperative period in Korea. Documentation of the use of these products in the perioperative period is important to consider the potential interaction of dietary supplements with medical medicine or anesthetics. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: 15~20)

1~8세 소아에서의 건강보조제 사용 실태

이희경,황정민,박재옥 한국모자보건학회 2014 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Purpose: People want recommendations for dietary supplements during their visit to the clinic. We investigated the current status of taking dietary supplements and the factors affecting them. Method: The survey was conducted in 1,000 parents of children aged 1~8 years who visited theDepartment of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital between January and August2013. Results: In 962 respondents among 1,000 subjects, 611 (63.5%) took dietary supplements whereas351 (36.5%) have never taken them. There were no differences in gender, delivery method, birthweight, current height, and household income between taking and non-taking dietary supplementsgroup ; however, in the cases of premature baby, low height, low current weight, the first child,old parents, the father who is the professionals, mixed milk feeding, and hospitalized previously,they took dietary supplements more than the others. Among children taking dietary supplements,77.0% took health functional foods; 30.1% of them was probiotics, and the number was 2~3 kindsaccording to 69.5%. The reasons for taking them included immunity improvement by 33.0%, withdecision by parents’ will (49.3%) other than doctors' recommendation (13.6%). The most importantreason why taking dietary supplements was efficient health improvement (93.1%), but, 50.2% oftaking group did not experience any effect. Conclusion: Surveyed parents in the Gumi area favored to take dietary supplements. The activeparticipation of medical professionals is important to guide the proper selection to whom necessaryand to prevent misuse or abuse of dietary supplements without reason.

자연과학편 : 우수선수들의 운동영양 보조물 이용 현황과 원인

김종규(JongKyuKim),이남주(NamJuLee),이미숙(MiSookLee) 한국체육학회 2012 한국체육학회지 Vol.51 No.3

이번 리뷰는 엘리트 선수들의 경기력 향상을 위해 사용되고 있는 운동영양 보조물 이용 현황을 탐색하고 도핑교육, 종목특성, 경기력, 성별, 연령 등에 따른 운동 영양보조물 이용 차이의 이유를 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 선행 리뷰연구들에서는 선수들이 이용하고 있는 운동영양 보조물항목의 생화학적 특성 및 기능, 이용 빈도를 중심으로 논의되어 왔으며 운동영양 보조물을 “왜 선수들이 이용하고 있는지” 관련한 논의는 부족하였다. 선수들의 반 도핑교육은 운동영양 보조물 이용 시 전문지식 함량증가로 인해 이용 빈도를 증가시키며, 미량의 영양소가 경기결과에 직접적으로 영향을 미치지는 못하지만 장기간 이용으로 인해 인체에 긍정적인 효과를 이끌어 경기력에 잠재적 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측된다. 더욱이 성별과 연령에 따른 차이는 종목특성에 기인되며, 섭취목적에 따른 이용항목을 고려해볼 때 경기력보다는 건강 및 컨디션 유지로 인한 섭취가 원인으로 생각된다. 대부분의 선수들은 단일 항목을 단기간 섭취하기 보다는 2가지 이상 항목을 장기간 섭취하고 있으나 효과와 관련한 과학적인 근거가 부족하여 이를 위한 실험적 연구접근이 요구된다. The purpose of this review study is to examine current status of dietary supplement use to enhance athletic performance capacity in elite athletes based upon anti-doping education, sports type, athletic performance capacity, gender, and age. Several previous review studies have focused on the biochemistry characteristics and intake incidence of dietary supplements and those studies have not showed enough evidence of the reason why elite athletes usually take dietary supplements. Anti-doping education may increase the incidence of dietary supplement use in elite athletes because of increasing expertise of dietary supplements. It would be expected that increased incidence of long-term dietary supplement use may induce positive effects on the body having potential effects on athletic performance capacity, although a trace of nutrients may not directly effect on the outcome of the game. Moreover, it seems that the difference of dietary supplement use based upon gender and age may come from sports type and the difference of dietary supplement intake reason may come from health and body condition maintenance rather than athletic performance capacity when considering dietary supplement use items based upon intake reasons. Most elite athletes consume at least over 2 dietary supplement items in a long period of time rather than 1 dietary supplement item in a short period of time; however, the scientific evidence of dietary supplement use seems to be insufficient. Therefore, further experimental approach studies concerning dietary supplement effects would be needed.

Dietary supplement use by South Korean adults : Data from the national complementary and alternative medicine use survey (NCAMUS) in 2006

Sun-Myeong Ock,Seung-Sik Hwang,Jeong-Seop Lee,Chan-Hee Song,Chan-Myung Ock 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.1

There has been little data on the prevalence of supplement use and the characteristics of the dietary supplement users in the Republic of Korea. This study presents the prevalence and the details of any dietary supplement use and the characteristics of the adults who use dietary supplements in the Republic of Korea. Between May 18 and June 16, 2006, nationwide and population-weighted personal interviews with 6,201 adult aged from 30 to 69 years were conducted and the final sample consisted of 3,000 people with a 49.8% response rate. We examined the prevalence and details of the use of dietary supplements and the characteristics of those who use the dietary supplement among adults. About sixty two percent of adults had taken any dietary supplement during the previous 12-month period in 2006. The most commonly reported dietary supplement was ginseng, followed by multivitamins, glucosamine, probiotics, and vitamin C. Female (versus male), an older age group, a higher family income, those living in metropolitan cities, those with marital experience, those with a higher level of education, and those having medical problems had a greater likelihood of reporting the use of any dietary supplements. The particular relationships differed depending on the type of supplement. The most Korean adults took one more dietary supplement and the dietary supplement users had different demographic and health characteristics compared to those of the nonusers. Research on diet supplements by the medical community is needed in the future.

Dietary supplement use by South Korean adults: Data from the national complementary and alternative medicine use survey (NCAMUS) in 2006

Ock, Sun-Myeong,Hwang, Seung-Sik,Lee, Jeong-Seop,Song, Chan-Hee,Ock, Chan-Myung The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.4

There has been little data on the prevalence of supplement use and the characteristics of the dietary supplement users in the Republic of Korea. This study presents the prevalence and the details of any dietary supplement use and the characteristics of the adults who use dietary supplements in the Republic of Korea. Between May 18 and June 16, 2006, nationwide and population-weighted personal interviews with 6,201 adult aged from 30 to 69 years were conducted and the final sample consisted of 3,000 people with a 49.8% response rate. We examined the prevalence and details of the use of dietary supplements and the characteristics of those who use the dietary supplement among adults. About sixty two percent of adults had taken any dietary supplement during the previous 12-month period in 2006. The most commonly reported dietary supplement was ginseng, followed by multivitamins, glucosamine, probiotics, and vitamin C. Female (versus male), an older age group, a higher family income, those living in metropolitan cities, those with marital experience, those with a higher level of education, and those having medical problems had a greater likelihood of reporting the use of any dietary supplements. The particular relationships differed depending on the type of supplement. The most Korean adults took one more dietary supplement and the dietary supplement users had different demographic and health characteristics compared to those of the nonusers. Research on diet supplements by the medical community is needed in the future.

한국 성인의 식생활 행태 조사: 식이보충제 섭취, 가구형태와 COVID-19을 중심으로

최진경 대한지역사회영양학회 2022 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.27 No.6

Objectives: This study investigates dietary supplement intakes by examining the characteristics of dietary and health-related behaviors. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Dietary and health-related behaviors were also examined before and after the occurrence of COVID-19 and household types (multi-members vs. single person). Methods: Data used in this study were collected from the 2019-2020 KNHANES by including adults aged 19 to 64 years. Pregnant, lactating, and subjects consuming calories less than 500 and more than 5,000 were excluded. Differences in dietary and health-related behaviors before and after COVID-19, and between the two types of households were analyzed by Chi-square analyses using Rao-Scott. Logistic regression analyses were applied to determine which dietary and health-related behaviors affected the dietary supplement intakes. In addition, descriptive analysis was run for demographic characteristics. Results: The dietary supplement intake rate differed significantly with respect to the gender, age, education, marital status, and household income. Dietary supplement intakes, frequency of eating out, obesity, and body weight changes were significantly different before and after COVID-19. In addition, meal evaluation, frequency of eating out, drinking, smoking, activity, subjective health evaluation, and body weight changes showed significant differences by household type. Attitude towards nutrition, activity, meal evaluation, obesity, and smoking were factors that affected the intake of dietary supplements. Conclusions: While increased intake of dietary supplements is a prevalent phenomenon, this intake needs to be monitored and studied closely, considering the sociodemographic characteristics and dietary and health-related behaviors. Furthermore, the dietary supplement intake trend after COVID-19 needs to be studied along with food intake.

Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors are Associated with the Use of Dietary Supplements in a Korean Population

Kim, Jeongseon,Lee, Jung-Sug,Shin, Aesun,Kang, Myung-Hee,Shin, Dong-Soon,Chung, Hae-Rang,Kim, Woo-Kyoung Japan Epidemiological Association 2010 Journal of epidemiology Vol.20 No.3

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The use of dietary supplements has been increasing rapidly in Korea over the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the pattern of dietary supplement use and the sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics of Korean consumers.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire on their sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, perceived health status, and regular dietary supplement use.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 697 men and 832 women completed the questionnaire. Of the respondents, 44.3% of the men and 53.2% of the women used some kind of dietary supplement regularly. Dietary supplement users were more likely to be women (<I>P</I> < 0.001), to be older than 50 years (<I>P</I> < 0.001), to have a higher household income (<I>P</I> = 0.003), to engage in moderate or vigorous physical activity (<I>P</I> < 0.032), to perceive themselves as healthy (<I>P</I> = 0.026), and to have received a diagnosis of a chronic disease (<I>P</I> < 0.001). In addition, the type of dietary supplements used varied with respect to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Among dietary supplement users, men preferred ginseng, and older respondents were more likely to use carbohydrate supplements and less likely to use lipid supplements. Those who had a lower BMI, were ex-smokers, or were nondrinkers preferred either vitamins or minerals. Those who were highly physical active or were nondrinkers tended to prefer either vitamin/mineral complexes or carbohydrate supplements.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The use of dietary supplements was related to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in a Korean population.</P>

약사가 운영하는 항응고 약물 상담실 환자의 건강기능식품 복용 실태와 상호작용

손기호 한국병원약사회 2011 病院藥師會誌 Vol.28 No.4

Despite its complex pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, warfarin is still one of the most widely used oral anticoagulant agents. Patients taking warfarin are at particular risk of interactions with dietary supplements, yet approximately 30% use herbal or natural product supplements on a regular basis. Attaining optimal anticoagulation with this agent is clinically challenging in view of its potential interaction with many dietary supplements. The aim of this study was to present information about dietary supplement intake and interactions between warfarin and those dietary supplements. A retrospective, observational case-control study set within three pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinics in a teaching hospital was performed. Patients were included (n=398), if they were seen for an clinic visit during the 1-month period from January 1st-31st 2010 and under the stable anticoagulation control for 3 months(July 1-30 September 2009) and then evaluated for the presence or absence of 3 investigational factors of INR changes, dietary supplement intake and adverse effects. Thirteen of 66 patients who were taking dietary supplements were identified having clinically significant interactions with warfarin. The use of a dietary supplement with warfarin was associated with an increase in bleeding events (oddsratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval, 1.10-4.50)In conclusion, as dietary supplements continue to grow in popularity, patients and pharmacists should be vigilant of potential dietary supplement-drug interactions.

Complementarity in dietary supplements and foods: are supplement users vegetable eaters?

Kang, Hyoung-Goo,Joo, Hailey Hayeon,Choi, Kyong Duk,Lee, Dongmin,Moon, Junghoon TaylorFrancis 2017 Food & nutrition research Vol.61 No.1

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P><B>Background</B>: The consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dietary supplements correlate. Most previous studies have aimed to identify the determinants of supplement uses or the distinct features of supplement users; this literature lacks a discussion on dietary supplement consumption as a predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption.</P><P><B>Objective</B>: This study examines how dietary supplement consumption correlates with fruit and vegetable consumption by combining scanner data and surveys of Korean household grocery shopping.</P><P><B>Methods</B>: Propensity score matching (PSM) is used to identify the relationship between dietary supplement consumption and fruit and vegetable consumption in a household. A logit regression using supplement consumption as the dependent variable is used. Then, the supplement takers (the treatment group) are matched with non-takers (the control group) based on the propensity scores estimated in the logit regression. The fruit and vegetable consumption levels of the groups are then compared.</P><P><B>Results</B>: We found that dietary supplement use is associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. This supports the health consciousness hypothesis based on attention bias, availability heuristics, the focusing effect, and the consumption episode effect. It rejects the health substitute hypothesis based on economic substitutes and mental accounting.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B>: Future research on the health benefits of dietary supplements should address the complementary consumption of fruits/vegetables and their health benefits to avoid misstating the health effects of supplements.</P>