한국 성악인에서 발생된 음성문제의 분석

문영일,정성민 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.9

국내・외 성악가들의 한국가곡에 대한 인식조사

홍승연 한국음악교육공학회 2013 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.16

The preliminary purpose of the study is to figure out the understanding of foreign classical singers about Korean art songs, Gagok, and to know what measures to increase the accessibility toward Korean Gagok for them. Besides foreign classical singers, Korean classical singers are the subjects for the study that what kinds of attitudes they have toward Korean Gagok and what opinions they have to recommend Korean Gagok to foreign singers. For the survey of the foreign singers, who participated and showed their understandings about Korean Gagok, I met 32 and took the survey from them in the way of F.G.I.(Focus Group Interview), staying in New York from February 9th to 17th 2011. For the survey of the Korean classical singers, I chose 3 civic choirs(total answering 117; male 50, female 67) in Korea from December 2011 to March 2012. 34% of the foreign singers answers that they even do not know the existence of Korean Gagok, and none of them have no a piece, have not had a chance to perform any Korean art songs. At the same time, all participants respond that there is no easy way to get access Korean art songs. But the 60% of the people answers that they would try to sing Korean Gagok if they are guided or helped with IPA. Most participants of Korean classical singers recommend that <Geuriun Kumgang-san>, <Shin Arirang>, and <Dongsimcho> would be great for foreign singers to sing. There are some suggestions in the result of the study. It is urgent to have any efforts to spread and increase the accessibility toward Korean Gagok for foreign singers in terms of the history. It is suggested that a virtual Korean art song archive need to set up on the web and managed by any related society or group. A word for Korean art songs needs to be established especially for foreign singers which is very important and urgent matter. It is suggested that a suitable word for it needs to decided through a lot of discussions and study as soon as possible. 이 연구는 일차적으로 외국성악가들의 한국가곡에 대한 인식과 향후 한국가곡에 대한 연주 희망을 알아보기 위해 실시되었고 동시에 한국가곡에 대한 접근성을 높일 수 있는 방안이 무엇인지도 알아보고자 하였다. 다음으로는 국내 성악가들을 대상으로 한국가곡에 대한 일반적 인식과 외국인에게 소개하고픈 한국가곡에 대해 알아보는 것이었다. 외국성악가들을 대상으로 한 한국가곡 인식 등 조사를 위해 2011년 2월 9일부터 17일까지 미국 뉴욕에 머물며 특정 소수전문가 집단(미 동부지역 음대 교수급 6명, 성악과 학생 26명)을 대상으로 하는 F.G.I.(Focus Group Interview) 방식을 취하였고, 국내 성악가들의 인식 조사를 위해서는 2011년 12월부터 2012년 3월까지 국내 전문합창단 3곳의 단원들(응답자수 117명, 남50, 여67)을 대상으로 설문지법을 사용하였다. 결과적으로 응답자의 34%에 해당하는 외국성악가들은 한국가곡 또는 예술가곡에 대한 존재 자체를 인식하지 못하는 것으로 나타났고, 응답자 전원 한국가곡을 연주한 경험이 없거나 한국가곡집 또는 악보를 가지고 있지 않다고 답하였다. 이와 더불어 응답자 모두 한국가곡에 대한 접근이 용이하지 않다고 답을 하면서도, 60%에 해당하는 응답자는 국제음성기호의 도움 등으로 한국어를 읽게 된다면 한국가곡 연주를 시도할 것이라고 답하였다. 국내 성악가들이 생각하는 ‘가장 한국적인, 가장 예술적인, 가장 즐겨 부르는, 외국인이 좋아할만한, 그리고 외국성악가에 추천하고픈 한국가곡’은 매우 다양하게 나타났다. 그럼에도 불구하고 <그리운 금강상>, <신아리랑>, <동심초> 등의 곡들은 각 항목에서 빠지지 않고 응답되었다. 외국성악가들에게 한국가곡의 인식 확산이 시급하며, 접근성을 높이기 위한 노력과 함께 우선적으로 소개가 필요한 한국가곡의 정리도 필요함을 보여준다.

성악가의 음성위생 습관과 한국어판 음성관련 삶의 질(K-VRQOL) 특성

강하늘(Kang, Haneul),김선희(Kim, Seonhee),유재연(Yoo, Jeayeon) 한국음성학회 2018 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate vocal hygiene habits and Korean Voice-Related Quality of Life (K-VRQOL) among classical singers. A total of 128 classical singers filled an online voice and K-VRQOL questionnaire, and the results were analyzed. In order to investigate the characteristics of K-VRQOL according to age groups, and the presence or absence of a history of voice problems, we conducted a two-way ANOVA. The results are as follows. Of the 128 classical singers, 28 (21.9%) with a history of voice problems said that excessive conversation, singing practice, and yelling were the causes of their voice problems. The symptoms of voice problems were fatigue, loss of range, hoarseness, and breathiness. In addition, classical singers were less likely to smoke, or to drink alcohol or caffeine. The K-VRQOL was highly correlated with all sub-domains. There was a statistically significant difference according to age groups (p<.05) and history of voice problems (p<.01). There was no correlation between age groups and history of voice problems. Voice management is important because classical singers can ruin their voice by speaking, and the risk of voice disorder is high. Voice problems affect quality of life. In future studies, it is necessary to obtain information on the subjective voice characteristics of classical singers by examining the relationship between their voice hygiene habits and VHI, SVHI, and K-VRQOL.

전문적인 음성사용자인 성악가의 음성분석

권순복,이춘애,김경아,이강대 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.49 No.1

The purpose of this study was to find the acoustic differences between non-professional users and classical singers who were able to have voice problems and provide objective data by suggesting estimatestandard so that classical singers could be diagnosed and treated early on the basis of this result. We evaluated 30 classical singers each 15 male and female and 30 non-professional voice users each 15 male and female between 20 ~ 40years without vocal diseases at present and compared classical singers with non-professional voice users about the analysis of special subjects as voice subject symptom, voice fatigue, in addition to vocal hygiene surveyed in voice questionnaire By using stroboscope, the aspect of classical singers’vocal was measured. The five vowels (MDVP) for acoustic analysis and pitch range exam for VRP and MPT was compared with non-professional voice users. The results were as follows: First, Fo of classical singers with normal vocal cords, it showed that was increased comparing with non-professional voice users, but there were statistically no significant differences. In jitter, shimmer, NHR, both of them belonged to the normal range, It did not show significant difference between classical singers and non-professional voice users. Second, In MPT they had no differences. Finally, In VRP, both of classical singers and non-professional voice users showed significant differences. We confirmed that the classical singers in professional voice users were different from the non-professional voice users. We consider this result would be helpful to diagnose early and treat through acoustic analysis standard when they visit because of their voice problem. 본 연구는 전문적인 음성사용자인 성악가의 음향음성학적인 분석을 통해 비전문적 음성 사용자와의 차이점을 알아보고 음성문제에 많이 노출되어 있는 성악가들의 음향학적 분석을 통하여 객관적인 평가 기준을 제시하여 조기에 정확하게 진단하고자 하였다. 성대병변이 없는 20대에서 40대 사이의 남녀 각각 15명씩 성악인 30명과 일반 대조군으로 성악훈련을 받지 않은 비직업적 음성사용자 남녀 각각 15명씩 30명을 대상으로 음성 설문지에서 나타난 음성자각증상 및 피로도와 음성위생 등 특이 사항에 대하여 대조군과 비교하였다. 음성검사에 대한 결과로 스트로보스코피 검사결과에서는 실험군과 대조군 모두 성대병변이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 음향학적 분석으로 기본주파수(Fo)에서는 성악인이 대조군에 비하여 높게 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 주파수변화율(jitter), 진폭변화율(shimmer), 소음대 배음비(NHR)에서도 성악가와 대조군 남녀 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 최대발성지속시간 (MPT)은 성악가가 비직업적 음성사용자에 비해 길게 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 음역검사에서도 두 집단 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 성악가들은 일반인들과는 다르게 음성학적으로 차이가 있음을 확인하였고, 본 연구가 성악가들의 음성학적으로 객관적인 자료를 제공함으로써 성악가가 음성문제로 인해 내원하였을 시 조기에 진단하고 치료하는 데 도움이 되리라고 생각된다.

불안유형과 좋아하는 가수의 의상간의 상관연구

이소정(So Jung Lee),이인자(In Ja Lee) 한국복식학회 1999 服飾 Vol.45 No.-

Because adolescents are much inflicted with the sense of obsession in endless competition with their feers, the costume of the pop singers relieving this agony and anxiety is becoming the object of immitation more than that of any other entertainer. In this perspective, it was thought that it was very necessary to attempt to investigate what relationship sense of mental anxiety the costume singers recently have worn had with adolescents sense of anxiety. The anxiety questionnaire used by Chu, Young-sook and Kim, Jung-hui and the questionnaire drawn up as the result of the pilot-test and the pre-test were used, and the questionnaires drawn up by a total of 228 middle schoolgirls in Seoul were used as final data of annalysis. Of them, the anxiety questionnaire was made up of 8 sub-scales, such as classic·social·morbid·learning, examination·school record·poverty·war and other to anxieties. In order to survey the overall content concerning the costume of the singers preferred by teenagers, the other questionnaire presented three variables such as musicality, fashionability and dance as the distinct characteristics of singers, and hiphop style, tidy style and sexy style of clothing as the style of clothing preferred of singers` clothing. The importance, fashionability and imitability of clothing were investigated as variables in relation to singers` clothing behavior. The SPSS PC+ program was used as the analytic method of data which were tested by the frequency analysis, Duncan`s multiple anaylsis of variance, t-test and so on. As a result of investigation, middle schoolgirls having a high level of learning and examination anxieties preferred the singers excellent in musicality while middle schoolgirls having a lower level of classic anxiety preferred the singers excellent in fashionability and dance wearing the hiphop style of clothing. And it was shown that middle schoolgirls having a lower level of classic anxiety preferred the singers wearing the clothing of sexy style. In the light of these results, it was shown that there was the correlation between anxiety and clothing preference. Accordingly, it is thought that the purpose of this study was achieved to some exent.

서양음악을 전공으로 하는 성악인에서의 음성효율 측정

정성민 대한후두음성언어의학회 1998 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Background and Objectives : Singers, the vocal equivalents of Olympic athletes, may present with vocal dysfunction in the singing voice before adverse effects are noted in the speech mode. For the classically trained singers, any imbalance in the respiratory, laryngeal or resonatory subsystems may manifest first in technical compensations. Therefore it is necessary that baseline values be available in order to differentiate technique related dysfunction from abnormalities within the phonatory system. Materials and Methods : Vocal efficiency measures were collected from 55 classically trained singers and 20 untrained adults. All singers was divided into 3 groups : (1) Singers who have normal larynx with out voice symptoms. (2) Singers who have vocal nodule without voice symptoms. (3) Singers who have vocal nodule with voice complaints. Results and Conclusion : Results were compared with each other. Differences in each group wert found, suggesting the need for separate normative data to be used for the evaluation of the classically trained singers.

국내 성악가 음성에 대한 문헌연구

김유리(Yu Ri Kim),유재연(Jae Yeon Yoo) 한국언어치료학회 2017 言語治療硏究 Vol.26 No.1

Purpose: There are few studies on voice characteristics and speech therapy for classical singers in Korea. Through literature research on 41 journals and three dissertations about classical singers, this study aims to summarize the results and suggest directions of research. Methods: We analyzed the literature in 44 journals and dissertations from 1986 to 2016. Results: The acoustic, physiological, and aerodynamic characteristics of the classical singer’s voices were measured using voice analysis instruments. There were 15 papers describing physiological characteristics, 26 papers describing acoustics characteristics, 16 papers describing aerodynamic characteristics, and five papers related to voice therapy of singers. In the acoustic analysis, fundamental frequency, sound intensity, jitter, shimmer, and NHR were measured through MDVP. The physiological analysis used EGG to measure contact quotient (CQ) and length of vocal tract. For aerodynamic analysis, the vocal range was examined through the MPT and the Vocal Range Profile. The characteristics of the singers formant were investigated by the change of resonance cavity according to laryngeal position. According to the survey results, the singers were more aware of voice fatigue and subjective symptoms, and they were interested in their vocal hygiene management. Conclusions: Accurate voice analysis and proper voice consulting are required for correct vocal parts selection and effective voice management according to voice characteristics. Systematic voice consulting for singers and effective treatment methods should be studied.

서양음악을 전공으로 하는 성악인에서의 공기역학적 검사

정성민 대한후두음성언어의학회 1998 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Background and Objectives : Aerodynamic investigation is valuable information about the efficiency of the larynx in translating air pressure to acoustic signal. The normal data of the Korean has been reported, but there is no basic data of professional western classical singers who have learned how to control the flow of expiratory air for singing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the normal aerodynamic data of korean professional western classical singers and compare this with that of the Korean Materials and Methods : 50 Korean western classical singers were studied. Expiratory lung pressure combined with measurements of the mean air flow rate, voice frequency and intensity were measured with the aerodynamic test using airway interruption method. These data were compared with normal data of untrained normal adults. Results and Conclusions : The voice frequency and the voice intensity were increased in the western classic singers, but the mean air flow rate and the expiratory air pressure of the classical singers were within the same range of the untrained normal adults. This result means that western classical singers can change the loudness and pitch with a little increased or decreasing the mean air flow and the expiratory air pressure.