BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM)-BASED DESIGN OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

ChungSuk Cho,Don Chen,Sungkwon Woo 한국BIM학회 2012 KIBIM Magazine Vol.2 No.1

With the increased awareness of energy consumption as well as the environmental impact of building operations, architects, designers and planners are required to place more consideration on sustainability and energy performance of the building. To ensure most of those considerations are reflected in the building performance, critical design decisions should be made by key stakeholders early during the design development stage. The application of BIM during building energy simulations has profoundly improved the energy analysis process and thus this approach has gained momentum. However, despite rapid advances in BIM-based processes, the question still remains how ordinary building stakeholders can perform energy performance analysis, which has previously been conducted predominantly by professionals, to maximize energy efficient building performance. To address this issue, we identified two leading building performance analysis software programs, Energy Plus and IES <Virtual Environment> (IES <VE>), and compared their effectiveness and suitability as BIM-based energy simulation tools. To facilitate this study, we examined a case study on Building Performance Model (BPM) of a single story building with one door, multiple windows on each wall, a slab and a roof. We focused particularly on building energy performance by differing building orientation and window sizes and compared how effectively these two software programs analyzed the performance. We also looked at typical decision-making processes implementing building energy simulation program during the early design stages in the U.S. Finally, conclusions were drawn as to how to conduct BIM-based building energy performance evaluations more efficiently. Suggestions for further avenues of research are also made.

병원조직구성원의 팀빌딩(Team Building)에 대한 지식과 태도

김나리,지성애 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2002 중앙간호논문집 Vol.6 No.1

The purposes of this study, by one way of organizational development to increase the productivity of hospital and nursing organizations, are to find out the knowledge and attitude about tenm building of hospital members and to provide the basic data for helping of team building education, practice, and research. Data was collected by questionnaire from the subject; 103 nurses of nursing part, 81 members related medical treatment, 70 members nonrelated medical treatment in one university hospital in Seoul, from 1 Sept to 10 Sept, 2000. Measuring tool of the knowledge and attitude about team building developed by the author of this study was used. Data was processed by SAS 6.12 of electric compuing statistics. The whole items were calculated with frequency and percentage. and ANOVA were used to test the difference in knowledge and attitude about team building among groups classified by the characteristics. Pearson correlation coefficiency was used to analyze the knowledge and attitude about team building, The results of this study were as follows; 1. The mean score for the knowledge about team building of hospital members was 0.823 and standard deviation was 0.147, by correct answer being to 1 poing ant incorect answer being to 0 point. 2. The mean score for the attitude about team building of hospital members was 3.28 and standard deviation was 0.354, with the maximum score set at 4 points. 3. The analysis of the level of the knowledge about team building according to characteristics of the subjects showed statistically significant differences in sex(t=2.68, p<.0.01), working part(F=2.37, p<0.05), school career(F=4.20, p<0.01), and yes or no of team activity(t=2.28, p<0.05). 4. The analysis of the level of the attitude about team building according to characteristics of the subjects showed statistically significant differences in age (F=2.63, p<0.05), working experience(f=2.03, p<0.05), position (F=1.92, p<0.05), and school career(F=2.55, p<0.05). 5. In the correlation, the knowledge and attitude about team building were not correlated with a statistical significance(r=0.08477, p=0.1781). Upon the studying results above, the following opinions are suggested. 1. The study should be conducted to increase the validity and reliability of measuring tool of the knowledge and attitude about team building. 2. The education should be conducted to increase the Knowledge about team building, therefore the study is requested to test effeciveness of education in nursing and hospital organization. 3. It is necessary to study about experiences and effctiveness of team building.

Building Integrated Vegetation Systems into the New Sainsbury's Building Based on BIM

Lee, Dong-Kyu Korean Institute of Building Information Modeling 2014 KIBIM Magazine Vol.4 No.2

Today, there is a growing need of environment-friendly buildings, so-called 'green', facilities, and energy saving buildings to decrease environmental pollutants released into cities by construction activities. Green-Building Information Modeling (Green-BIM) is a purpose-built solution which supports to forecast energy consumption of 3-D model of a building by augmenting its primary 3-D measurements (width, height and depth) with many more dimensions (e.g. time, costs, social impacts and environmental consequences) throughout a series of sequential phases in the lifecycle of a building. The current study was carried out in order to integrate vegetation systems (particularly green roof and green wall systems) and investigate thermal performance of the new Sainsbury's building which will be built on Melton road, Leicester, United Kingdom. Within this scope, a 3-D building model of the news Sainsbury's building was first developed in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Revit^{(R)}$ and this model was then simulated in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Ecotect^{(R)}$once weather data of the construction site was obtained from $Autodesk^{(R)}$ Green Building $Studio^{(R)}$. This study primarily analyzed data from (1) solar radiation, (2) heat gains and losses, and (3) heating and cooling loads simulation to evaluate thermal performance of the building integrated with vegetation system or conventionally available envelops. The results showed that building integrated vegetation system can potentially reduce internal solar gains on the building rooftops by creating a 'bioshade'. Heat gains and losses through roofs and walls were markedly diminished by offering greater insulation on the building. Annual energy loads for heating and cooling were significantly reduced by vegetation more significantly through the green roof system in comparison to green wall system.

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM)-BASED DESIGN OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

Cho, Chung-Suk,Chen, Don,Woo, Sungkwon Korean Institute of Building Information Modeling 2012 KIBIM Magazine Vol.2 No.1

With the increased awareness of energy consumption as well as the environmental impact of building operations, architects, designers and planners are required to place more consideration on sustainability and energy performance of the building. To ensure most of those considerations are reflected in the building performance, critical design decisions should be made by key stakeholders early during the design development stage. The application of BIM during building energy simulations has profoundly improved the energy analysis process and thus this approach has gained momentum. However, despite rapid advances in BIM-based processes, the question still remains how ordinary building stakeholders can perform energy performance analysis, which has previously been conducted predominantly by professionals, to maximize energy efficient building performance. To address this issue, we identified two leading building performance analysis software programs, Energy Plus and IES <Virtual Environment> (IES <VE>), and compared their effectiveness and suitability as BIM-based energy simulation tools. To facilitate this study, we examined a case study on Building Performance Model (BPM) of a single story building with one door, multiple windows on each wall, a slab and a roof. We focused particularly on building energy performance by differing building orientation and window sizes and compared how effectively these two software programs analyzed the performance. We also looked at typical decision-making processes implementing building energy simulation program during the early design stages in the U.S. Finally, conclusions were drawn as to how to conduct BIM-based building energy performance evaluations more efficiently. Suggestions for further avenues of research are also made.

프랑스의 스마트빌딩 법제의 쟁점에 관한 연구

정재도 한국부동산법학회 2019 不動産法學 Vol.23 No.1

In general, the conceptual elements of smart building are as follows.: ‘intelligent building system with information communication function and automatic control system’, ‘providing and managing energy, lighting, disaster prevention, water resources, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning(HVAC) based on smart sensors and control systems.’ Recently, however, the most discussed issues related to smart buildings are the energy efficiency of buildings, the use of new renewable energy, and the reduction of CO2 emissions. In addition, the issue of protecting personal data is also important. In France, Smart Building is closely related to the energy efficiency improvement of buildings, which is the main goal of ‘Energy Conversion Law for Green Growth’(Loi relative à la transition énergétique pour la croissance verte). Thus, France has been striving to improve the energy and environmental performance of new buildings by preparing legislation for the promotion of ‘energy-efficient buildings’ or ‘environment-friendly buildings’ for public buildings. In addition, based on the Energy Conversion Law for Green Growth, a mid to long term energy plan(PPE) has been prepared to remodel various energy-efficient buildings and develop smart grids and storage systems. Another important issue related to the management of smart buildings is the protection of personal data. Information required for management of smart buildings managed by information and communication technology is personal data about people living in the building, and it is possible to indirectly identify individual lives through processing and analysis of these data. In France, data generated in relation to smart grid is regarded as personal data and protected by the ‘Personal Data Protection Act’(Loi no 78-17 du 6 janvier 1978 relative à 1’ informatique, aux fichiers et aux libertés). Therefore, the Personal Data Protection Committee(Commission nationale de l’informatique et des libertés, CNIL) has become the main body and is carrying out activities to protect personal data. In addition, as the ‘EU General Data Protection Regulation’(GDPR) comes into effect, the explicit consent of building users and the implementation of privacy impact assessment will be carried out in the management of smart buildings in relation to the processing of related personal data. This tendency is not just for France, but for other countries as well. Therefore, even in our case, we think that we should deeply consider and respond to the problem of building energy efficiency system of buildings and the protection of personal data, in legal regulation of smart buildings. 스마트빌딩의 개념요소로는 일반적으로 ‘정보통신기능과 자동제어 시스템을 갖춘 지능형 빌딩 시스템’, ‘스마트센서와 컨트롤 시스템을 기반으로 에너지, 조명, 방재, 수자원, HVAC(Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning) 등의 제공 및 관리’ 등을 들고 있다. 그러나 최근에 스마트빌딩과 관련하여 가장 많은 논의가 이루어지고 있는 주제는 ‘빌딩의 에너지의 효율화, 새로운 재생에너지의 활용, 그리고 이산화탄소 배출량의 감축 문제 등이다. 아울러 개인정보의 보호 문제도 중요하게 제기되고 있다. 프랑스에서도 스마트빌딩은 ‘녹색성장을 위한 에너지전환법’의 주요 목표인 건축물 에너지 효율개선과 밀접한 관련을 맺고 있다. 그리하여 프랑스는 우선 공공건물을 대상으로 ‘에너지수행 우수 건물’ 또는 ‘환경수행 우수 건물’의 증진을 위한 법령을 마련하여 신축 건물의 에너지 및 환경적 성능의 개선에 힘쓰고 있다. 아울러 에너지전환법에 근거하여 중장기에너지계획(PPE)를 마련하여 각종 에너지효율관련 건물의 개조와 스마트 그리드 및 저장시스템 개발을 진행하고 있다. 스마트빌딩의 관리와 관련하여 또 하나 중요한 문제는 개인정보의 보호문제이다. 정보통신기술에 의해서 처리되는 스마트 빌딩 관리에 필요한 정보(data)는 빌딩에서 생활하고 있는 사람들에 관한 정보로서 해당 정보의 가공과 분석을 통해서 개개인의 생활을 간접적으로 식별할 수 있다는 점에서 개인정보의 범주에 속한다고 할 수 있다. 프랑스에서는 스마트 그리드와 관련하여 생성된 정보를 개인정보로 보고 이를 ‘개인정보보호법’에 의해서 보호하고 있다. 따라서 CNIL(개인정보보호위원회)가 주체가 되어서 개인정보의 보호를 위한 활동을 진행하고 있다. 또한 ‘유럽연합의 일반개인정보보호규칙’(GDPR)이 발효됨에 따라 스마트빌딩의 관리에도 관련 개인정보의 처리에 대한 빌딩 사용자들의 명시적인 동의의 요구 및 개인정보 영향평가의 수행이 이루어 질 것으로 보인다. 이러한 법제의 경향은 프랑스만의 경우는 아니며, 다른 나라의 경우에도 마찬가지이다. 따라서 우리의 경우에도 스마트빌딩을 법적으로 규율함에 있어서 빌딩의 에너지 효율화 시스템의 구축이나 정보통신기술로 인한 개인정보 보호의 문제에 대해서 깊이 있는 고민과 대응이 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

오피스빌딩의 전력부하 및 외관 디자인 분석을 통한 BIPV 시스템 적용가능성에 관한 연구

홍원화,김동식 대한건축학회 2006 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.22 No.2

Simultaneously, in order to solve a global environmental matter and an energy issue, the application of the renewable energy in the building has been constantly demanded. therefore, we must develop new energy resources which are abundant and substitute for fossil fuels. we must study the application method of the renewable energy in the building. Among renewable energy, the solar energy(photovoltaic system) is clean, inexhaustible and available everywhere around the world. Photovoltaic system has the application possibility in the building. the BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) system is the integration of photovoltaic into the building envelope, such as the roof or the facade. the use of BIPV system is a new design method in architecture. the aim of this study is to analyze the application possibility of BIPV system in the office building. therefore, we investigated electric power loads and exterior design of office building in the daegu metropolis and judged the integration capability to the office building of BIPV system.

중소형 오피스 빌딩의 부동산자산관리 요소의 탐색적 분석: 서울 도심권역 내 중소오피스 사례를 중심으로

정한계 ( Han Gye Jung ),한연오 ( Yeon Oh Han ),박태원 ( Tae Won Park ) 한국감정평가학회 2016 감정평가학논집 Vol.15 No.1

외환위기를 겪으면서 국내의 부동산 자산관리의 시장은 변화를 맞게 되었다. 외국의 자본들은 매입한 건물을 외국계 글로벌 자산관리회사에 위탁을 맡기게 되면서 시설 관리 수준을 넘는 부동산 자산관리의 개념이 등장하게 된 것이다. 이러한 상황에 따라 자사사옥 관리를 중심으로 하던 국내 부동산 자산관리 회사들이 대형건물의 수주를 위해 외부시장으로 진출하기 시작하였고 경쟁이 갈수록 치열해지고 있는 상황이다. 하지만 위 상황은 대형급 이상의 건물에 해당되고 중소형 건물은 건물규모가 작아 상대적으로 관심이 덜한 상황이어서 효율적인 건물관리가 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 중소형오피스 빌딩의 특성과 처해 있는 문제점을 파악하고 중소형 오피스빌딩을 중심으로 한 부동산자산관리에 있어 우선시 고려되어야 할 사항에 대하여 소유자 및 관리업체를 대상으로 심층적으로 조사·분석하였으며 다음과 같은 사실을 알 수 있었다. 첫째, 중소형 오피스빌딩의 관리에 있어 가장 중요한 항목은 ‘임차인 관리’ 항목으로 나타났다. 둘째,‘공간이미지 관리’측면에 대한 중요도가 소유자 집단 및 전문가 집단에서 상대적으로 높게 나타난 점이다. 셋째, ‘법률·세무 관리’항목은 전체 집단에서 최하위의 중요도를 갖는 것으로 나타난 점이다. 결국, 중소형빌딩 관리에서는 임차인 관리’, 자산투자 관리’,‘공간이미지 관리’등 중소형 오피스빌딩에 부족할 수 있는 서비스에 대해 높은 수준의 질적 서비스를 제공하는 것이 우선적으로 고려되어야 한다고 할 수 있다. Domestic real estate asset management market has been changed during experiencing financial crisis. When the building which was purchased by foreign capital was been entrusting in global asset management company, the concept which managing for real estate asset was appeared. Depending on this situation, domestic real estate asset management companies which mainly manage own corporate building has begun to obtain management contract for large building management on external market. and this situation competition is becoming fierce. However this situation is equivalent to a large building. Because of building``s small scale, small and medium-sized buildings are lack of interested than large building in building management. Therefore, small and medium-sized building``s situation require efficient building management system. Thus on this study identified small and medium-sized building``s characteristics and problem, Analyze priority on real estate management of small and medium-sized building focused on building owner, management company and then deduce those several results.

오피스빌딩 내 상업시설의 임대료 결정요인에 관한 연구 -위계선형모형의 활용-

김기준 ( Kim Kijun ),김우경 ( Kim Wookyung ),문형준 ( Moon Hyoungjoon ),신종칠 ( Shin Jongchil ) 한국부동산분석학회 2018 不動産學硏究 Vol.24 No.3

The commercial facility is one of the important amenity facilities in office building. Recently, office building owners and managers are eager to enhance income stream from their commercial facilities by strengthening shopping and restaurant tenants. Since the retail potential commercial facilities in office buildings are influenced by the office building characteristics, trade area characteristics around office building, and so on, management strategies of commercial facilities could be different from office building to office building. Despite of these changes, there is little research on commercial facility in academic society. For these reasons, this study aims to examine the rent determinants of retail stores in commercial facilities. This study categorizes influencing factors into character of the office building, trade area, management, individual store. For empirical research, we analyze the rents of 393 retail stores at 38 commercial facilities of office buildings in Seoul. This study uses the hierarchical linear model to consider the effects of hierarchical influencing factors on rents including both office building level and individual store level. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. Firstly, this study confirms office building characteristics including gross leasable area and building owner type, have considerable influence on store rents in the commercial facility. Secondly, this study finds trade area characteristics such as distance to subway station, road width, and pedestrian traffics around office building, have significant effects on store rents. Thirdly, this study discovers management characteristics such as the number of floors the commercial facilities occupy and management decision to operate commercial facility as an independent shopping mall, affect store rents in the commercial facility. Finally, this study shows the individual store characteristics such as store size, floor level that the store locates, whether the store has access to main pedestrian movement in the commercial facility, whether the store has signage outside of office building, and categories of tenant business, significantly influence on store rents.

제로에너지빌딩의 기술 패키지 적용을 위한 에너지성능 평가 도구 비교분석 및 개선방안 제안

조수(Soo Cho),한설이(Seol-Yee Han),성욱주(Uk-Joo Sung),김석현(Seok-Hyun Kim) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2017 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.11 No.4

The research of energy saving in building was studied many case of studies. The zero energy building contained a two concept like a minimum energy consumption and renewable energy facility installation for energy suppling. It means what the envelope of Zero Energy building has high performance of thermal. And the facility of building use independent heating and cooling energy consumption without outer source too. For accomplish the zero energy building, many technology were developed and applied at new building. In case of applying technology, the critical technology is enough for the zero energy building but the joint technology for zero energy building is not enough. Also the supply of the economical technology is difficult. To solving these difficult, the energy performance evaluation tool is used by many researchers in phase of the building design. These tool have a problem about reproducibility by the different input data. That was inputted by each simulator and they divided to level about expertise and situation. So they need to getting an specific information of building and advanced training of simulation. But for accomplish the zero energy building, these tool must be have modified to analysis of the building energy consumption suitably. Absolutely these tool need to update for the precision of analysis results. Additionally the zero energy building design contain a new technology for energy saving through the tool’s extendability. In this study, authors was proposed the technical package and the case of simulation tool was compared for improvement suggestion. And this study was based actual certification and analysis tools like a ECO2. By these result, the authors was proposed two the improvement suggestion ‘User friendly Interface’ and ‘Analysis reliability’.

현장조사를 통한 고층건축물 인근 보행자 통로에서 발생되는 풍속 및 풍향 평가

오상훈(Oh, Sang-Hoon),권순철(Kwon, Soon-Chul),김주찬(Kim, Ju-Chan) 대한건축학회 2021 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.37 No.11

Building wind refers to strong winds or circulating airflows formed around buildings by arrangement and shape of buildings. Building winds occur around most buildings, especially high-rise buildings. Today, risk of building winds is increasing due to high-rise and high-density cities. When designing a high-rise building, it is necessary to evaluate influence of building wind by building and take measures to reduce building wind. However, in Korea, social awareness of building wind is lacking, and there are insufficient measures for wind environment evaluation criteria and building wind environmental impact assessment. Therefore, in this study, wind speed and direction of target area were evaluated through field surveys of building winds observed in pedestrian walkways near high-rise buildings.