SNS(social network service)에서 형성된 연결적 사회자본(Bridging)과 결속적 사회자본(Bonding)이 소비자 구매 행동에 미치는 영향

박용석 ( Yong Suhk Park ),권성복 ( Seongbok Kwon ),임일 ( Il Im ) 한국국제경영학회 2015 國際經營硏究 Vol.26 No.3

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social network characteristics and consumer purchasing behavior based on social capital theory. Specifically, this research has two foremost goals: First, the study seeks to explore the effects of SNS use type (qualitative, quantitative) on social capital formed on SNS. Second, this study examines how two types of social capital (bridging and bonding) formed on SNS affect consumer purchasing behavior. Additionally, this study examines whether there are interaction effects between bridging and bonding social capital on consumer behavior. In order to achieve these goals, we conducted a survey to college students in three countries (China, Korea, and the U.S.) and collected 521 responses. Findings show that both qualitative and quantitative use of SNS have positive effects on bridging social capital. On the other hand, only qualitative use has a significant effect on bonding social capital. Bridging social capital is positively related to consumers` involvement for utilitarian product while bonding social capital is not. However, bonding social capital strengthens the relationship between bridging social capital and utilitarian product involvement. On the contrary, bonding social capital significantly influences consumers` involvement of symbolic product while bridging social capital does not. In addition, an interaction effect is also found that bridging social capital intensifies bonding social capital`s positive impact on involvement of symbolic product.

SNS(social network service)에서 형성된 연결적 사회자본(Bridging)과 결속적 사회자본(Bonding)이 소비자 구매 행동에 미치는 영향

박용석,권성복,임일 한국국제경영학회 2015 國際經營硏究 Vol.26 No.3

본 연구에서는 사회적 자본이론을 적용하여 SNS(Social network service, 이하 SNS) 사용자들이 온라인을 통해 형성한 소셜 네트워크의 특성이 이들의 제품에 대한 관여도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 분석한다. 본 연구의 연구목적은 크게 두 가지이다. 첫 번째로는 SNS의 참여를 양적 참여(quantity)와 질적 참여(quality)로 나누었을 때 이들 각각이 사회자본의 형성에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 한다. 또한, SNS의 사용이 전 세계적으로 보편화 되면서 소비자 행동으로 이어지는 SNS사용과 SNS에서 형성된 사회자본이 마케터들의 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 그래서 본 연구의 두 번째 연구목적은 SNS에서 형성된 사회자본의 형태(연결적 사회자본, 결속적 사회자본)에 따라 어떤 유형의 제품(실용적, 상징적)에 대한 관여도가 영향을 받는지를 밝히고, 또 이 두 가지 형태의 사회자본이 소비자 관여도에 있어서 상호작용이 존재하는지를 규명하는 것이다. 이를 위해 SNS 주 이용 층인 대학교 재학생(중국, 한국, 미국) 521명을 설문 조사하여 본 연구의 연구표본으로 사용하였다. 연구결과 SNS 참여와 사회자본의 형성 사이 관계를 보았을 때, SNS 양적 참여와 질적 참여 모두 연결적 사회자본의 형성에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤고 결속적 사회자본의 형성에 있어서는 질적 참여만이 유의미한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증 되었다. 그 다음으로 SNS에서 형성된 사회자본이 소비자 구매 행동으로 이어질 때 연결적 사회자본은 실용적 제품의 관여도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고 결속적 사회자본은 실용적 제품의 관여도에 직접적 영향은 미치지 않았지만 연결적 사회자본과 실용적 제품 관여도 사이의 정의 관계를 강화하는 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 결속적 사회자본은 상징적 제품 관여도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고 연결적 사회자본은 상징적 제품 관여도에 직접적인 영향은 없지만 결속적 사회자본이 상징적 제품 관여도에 주는 긍정적인 영향을 강화하는 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social network characteristics and consumer purchasing behavior based on social capital theory. Specifically, this research has two foremost goals: First, the study seeks to explore the effects of SNS use type (qualitative, quantitative) on social capital formed on SNS. Second, this study examines how two types of social capital (bridging and bonding) formed on SNS affect consumer purchasing behavior. Additionally, this study examines whether there are interaction effects between bridging and bonding social capital on consumer behavior. In order to achieve these goals, we conducted a survey to college students in three countries (China, Korea, and the U.S.) and collected 521 responses. Findings show that both qualitative and quantitative use of SNS have positive effects on bridging social capital. On the other hand, only qualitative use has a significant effect on bonding social capital. Bridging social capital is positively related to consumers’ involvement for utilitarian product while bonding social capital is not. However, bonding social capital strengthens the relationship between bridging social capital and utilitarian product involvement. On the contrary, bonding social capital significantly influences consumers’ involvement of symbolic product while bridging social capital does not. In addition, an interaction effect is also found that bridging social capital intensifies bonding social capital’s positive impact on involvement of symbolic product.

SNS(social network sites)를 통해 형성된 사회자본의 형태가 소비자 제품선호에 미치는 영향

박용석(Yong Suhk Pak),이경미(Kyoung Mi Lee),이지원(Ji Won Lee) 한국경영학회 2012 經營學硏究 Vol.41 No.6

More and more consumers today use Social Networking Services (SNS) such as Facebook and Twitter and the unprecedented growth of SNS has captivated many practitioners` minds. It is no wonder that many global enterprises are now exploring the possibility of using SNS as a means to reach multi-national segments. Yet, still, many unresolved questions need to be answered. In particular, we addressed the questions regarding (1) whether a different type of social capital - a bridging and bonding social capital- is emphasized during the creation and management of an individual`s SNS according to different cultures and (2) how such social capital formed on SNS can be related to consumer preference for a certain type of producti. e, symbolic versus utilitarian products. In order to examine these hypotheses, we collected survey questionnaires from 245 college students. For the purpose of cross-cultural comparison, the sample consisted of two cultural backgrounds: a collectivistic culture, represented by the countries in North East Asia (Korea, China, and Japan) versus a individualistic culture, represented by the countries in North America (USA and Canada). The number of SNS that the respondents used was not different between the two cultural groups (t = 1.79, ns). Yet the North Americans reported significantly more number of friends on SNS, compared to the East Asians ( t= 5.09, p< .01); and they spent more time on SNS, compared to the East Asians( t =4.08, p< .01). Regarding the first question, we hypothesized that the bridging type of social networking on SNS would be more prominent in individualistic cultures than in collectivistic cultures, while the bonding type of social networking on SNS would be more prominent in collectivistic cultures than individualistic cultures. Consistent to our hypothesis, we found that North Americans, representing Western individual cultures, reported greater bridging social capital than bonding social capital ( t=-8.03, p<.01). However, unlike our prediction, East Asians did not report greater bonding social capital than bridging social capital. Instead, they also reported greater bridging social capital, t= -4.69, p< .01, These result suggest that creating and managing bridging (vs. bonding) social capital is more emphasized in the SNS setting, irrespective of the cultural orientations. Regarding the second question, we hypothesized that bonding social capital on SNS would be linked to preference for a symbolic product while bridging social capital would be linked to preference for a utilitarian product. As a symbolic product, we selected jeans and, as a utilitarian product, we selected a laptop computer. Regression analyses showed that, consistent to our hypotheses, bonding social capital was related to preference for jeans (β = .22, p< .01), while bridging social capital was not (β=.12, ns). Also, bridging social capital was related to preference for a laptop computer (β = .33, p< .01), while bonding social capital was not (β = .09, ns), Together, we showed that a certain group of people forming a type of social capital through SNS activities, tends to have a favorite product type.

Bonding Snapchat vs. Bridging Instagram? A Laboratory Study of the Association between Social Networking Sites and Social Capital

김동후,이소영,성윤희 한국정보사회학회 2020 정보사회와 미디어 Vol.21 No.1

This study builds upon existing research examining the relationship between social networking sites (SNS) use and social capital by investigating what drives the underlying reciprocal interaction. While prior investigations of the SNS-social capital relationship employed self-report methods, this study employs a laboratory-based experiment. As strong exemplars of SNS, Snapchat and Instagram, specifically, were chosen for investigative focus. A total of 161 undergraduate students from a major southeastern university in the U.S. participated in this research in exchange for extra credits. Participants were provided questions about their usage patterns, such as time spent on SNS usage in general and intensity of the assigned SNS use (Snapchat or Instagram). Then, participants were asked to log into their Snapchat or Instagram accounts and spend twenty minutes using it as they normally would, such as posting snaps and liking and browsing pictures of others. Based on the average time spent per day on Instagram and Snapchat by U.S. users, the twenty-minute experimental condition was designed. After twenty minutes, their social capital was measured Results demonstrated that participants who used Snapchat were more highly associated with bonding social capital (strongly tied relationship) than those who used Instagram. However, using Instagram did not lead participants to be more concerned with bridging social capital (weakly tied relationship) than those using Snapchat. In addition, when an individual’s social capital was examined as it existed both prior to and after using SNSs, only bonding social capital in the Snapchat condition was significantly changed. After using Snapchat, individuals’ bonding social capital became stronger than it was pre-SNS engagement. However, when individuals used Instagram, no significant difference in bridging social capital was detected. Through the laboratory experiment, the current research can provide more valid and accurate data for understanding the relations between SNS use and users’ social capital. Since it is challenging for individuals to remember or precisely describe their SNS use, several researchers have expressed the need to adopt more ideal methods to directly measure data, such as a laboratory-based study. By avoiding the validation issues that exist with self-report measures, the current research contributes to the improvement in methodological approaches to SNS research. In addition, the study found that bonding social capital can be influenced by a certain type of SNS platform (e.g., Snapchat), whereas bridging social capital was not. Hence, individuals can obtain their bridging social capital without limitation with regard to SNS type, but to obtain bonding social capital, a SNS platform that allows one to interact and develop strong social ties can be more effective than other SNS platforms. At the same time, given that social capital allows a person to make use of resources from other members in one’s networks, it can be expected that using Snapchat, which can remind users of their bonding social capital, may be more effective for brands to construct strong ties with their consumers. Therefore, the results of this research can be beneficial for brand managers creating SNS marketing plans.

SNS(Social Network Service)의 네트워크 특성이 사용자의 사회자본(Social Capital)에 미치는 영향

최지은(Ji Eun Choi),이두희(Doo Hee Lee) 한국경영학회 2013 經營學硏究 Vol.42 No.3

This study examined the antecedents of the formation of social capital on SNS. The authors divided a dimension of social capital into bridging and bonding social capital, and suggested that structural and relational characteristics of network would influence the formation of social capital. In addition, the authors suggested the formation of social capital would result in customer satisfaction and continuance intention to use SNS. Specifically, the authors suggested hypothesis as follows. H1: Network density will influence the formation of bridging social capital. H2: Network density will influence the formation of bonding social capital. H3: Network centrality will influence the formation of bridging social capital. H4: Network centrality will influence the formation of bonding social capital. H5: Trust towards SNS will influence the formation of bridging social capital. H6: Trust towards SNS will influence the formation of bonding social capital. H7: The formation of bridging social capital will influence satisfaction towards SNS. H8: The formation of bonding social capital will influence satisfaction towards SNS. H9: Satisfaction towards SNS will influence continuance intention to use SNS. The authors surveyed SNS users and conducted structural equation model analysis based on the result from the survey. The results revealed that network density and centrality influenced the formation of bridging social capital; while network density and trust influenced the formation of bonding social capital. In addition, the result verified that bridging social capital had an association with satisfaction and continuance intention to use SNS; while bonding social capital had an association with satisfaction, not with continuance intention to use SNS. This result expanded the scope of SNS and social capital literature academically by verifying the antecedents of the formation of social capital on SNS. Also, practical implications for SNS practitioners were followed.

소셜네트워크서비스 상에서 사회적 자본 형성 요인 및 사회적 자본과 소비 성향과의 관계

이희태 한국소비문화학회 2014 소비문화연구 Vol.17 No.3

본 논문에서는 SNS상에서 주로 형성되는 사회적 자본이 무엇인지, 사회 자본 형성에 영향을 주는 요인은 무엇인지, 그리고 형성된 사회 자본과 어떠한 소비자 성향과 관련이 있는지에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 분석 결과, 다음과 같은 사실을 발견하였다. 첫째, SNS상에서는 연결적 사회 자본이 결속적 사회 자본보다 더 크게 축적되어 있는 것을 밝혔다. 둘째, SNS 관여도는 연결적 사회 자본에 긍정적이고 유의한 영향을 미치지만, 온라인 네트워크 능력은 연결적 사회 자본 형성에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 온라인 네트워크 능력의 경우 SNS 관여도가 연결적 사회 자본에 미치는 긍정적 역할을 감소시키는 조절 효과를 하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결속적 사회 자본의 경우, SNS 관여도와 온라인 네트워크 능력이 유의하고 긍정적인 영향을 주었으며, 온라인 네트워크 능력이 SNS 관여도에 미치는 조절 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 연결적 사회 자본은 독특성 추구 소비 성향 형성과 긍정적이고 유의한 관계가 있으며, 결속적 사회 자본은 순응성 추구 소비 성향에 긍정적이면서 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 얻은 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 온라인 SNS상에서는 신선한 정보와 이슈거리를 만들어내고 이를 연결적 사회 자본 형성이 용이한 SNS를 통해 확산시킬 필요가 있다. 둘째, SNS를 통해 형성된 사회 자본을 활용해 시장세분화를 할 때, SNS관여도와 온라인 네트워크 능력은 중요한 구분 변수가 될 수 있다. 셋째, 연결적 사회 자본 형성이 두드러진 SNS에는 독특성 추구 소비 성향에 소구하고 결속적 사회 자본 형성이 연결적 형성이 잘 되어 있는 SNS 상에서는 소비자의 독특성 추구 성향에 소구하는 커뮤니케이션 전략이 유효할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 기존 연구에 비해 다음과 같은 기여점과 차별점을 갖는다. 본 연구는 온라인 SNS 상에서 연결적 사회 자본 형성이 결속적 사회 자본 형성보다 두드러진다는 사실을 실증적으로 밝혔으며, 각각의 사회 자본 형성에 영향을 주는 요인을 밝혔다. 또한 연결적 사회 자본 형성은 독특성 추구 소비 성향에, 결속적 사회 자본 형성은 순응성 추구 소비 성향과 밀접한 관련이 있다는 것을 마케팅 연구에서 최초로 실증하였다. This study is to examine 1) which type of social capital is mainly formed in social network services (SNS), 2) what factors influence formation of social capital in SNS, and 3) what relationships between formed social capital in SNS and the propensity of consumer needs. The results by analyzing the dataset are as follows. First, the size of bridging social capital is bigger than that of bonding social capital in SNS. Second, SNS involvement has a positive and significant impact on bridging social capital, while online network competency has an insignificant effect on bridging social capital and plays a moderating role of reducing the positive effect on bridging social capital of SNS involvement. Bonding social capital is influenced significantly and positively by both SNS involvement and online network competency, while online network competency does not play a moderating role in increasing the positive effect on bonding social capital of SNS involvement. Third, bridging social capital has a significant and positive association with the propensity of consumer needs for uniqueness, while bonding social capital has a positive and significant impact on the propensity of consumer needs for conformity. Managerial implications from the results are as follows. First, marketing practitioners need to make fresh information and diffuse it via SNS in which people can build bridging social capital from "weak tie". Second, SNS involvement and Online Network Competency can be good variables when companies segment consumers based on social capital. Third, when marketing practitioners can plan an effective communication strategy for target consumers segmented by social capital types. In other words, brands emphasizing uniqueness can be appropriate to appeal bridging social capital type consumers and brands stressing conformity will be fit to appeal bonding social capital type consumers. Notwithstanding several limitations, this study has considerably contributed to and been differentiated from existing studies in that this study examined which type of social capital dominates in SNS and, to the best of my knowledge, for the first time, this study found that which type of social capital is positively associated with needs for uniqueness or needs for conformity.

Bonding Snapchat vs. Bridging Instagram? A Laboratory Study of the Association between Social Networking Sites and Social Capital

Dong Hoo Kim,So Young Lee,Yoon Hi Sung 한국정보사회학회 2020 정보사회와 미디어 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 소셜 네트워크 사이트(SNS)의 사용과 사용자의 사회적 자본(social capital)이 어떻게 연결이 되어 있고, 어떠한 상호 작용을 하는지를 조사하는 데 초점을 두고 있다. 기존의 SNS와 사회적 자본에 관한 연구들이 연구 대상자들의 SNS 사용 기억에 의거하여 자기 기입(self-reporting) 방식으로 진행되었다는 것과는 다르게, 본 연구는 대상자들에 실제 SNS를 사용하게 하는 실험 방식을 사용하여 그 관계를 조명했다. 본 연구에서는 최근 가장 각광 받고 있는 SNS 중에서 인스타그램(Instagram)과 스냅챗(Snapchat)이 선택 사용되었다. 주요 연구 결과를 요약하자면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스냅챗 이용자는 인스타그램 이용자와 대비하여, 결속적 사회자본(bonding social capital) 성향이 더욱 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 인스타그램 이용자의 경우 스냅챗 이용자보다 교량적 사회자본(bridging social capital)이 강화되는 것은 발견되지 않았다. 둘째, 스냅챗을 이용할 경우, 이용자는 이용자의 결속적 사회자본이 이용하기 전보다 강화되는 것이 발견되었다. 하지만 인스타그램 이용은 이용자의 사회적 자본에 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이용자의 사회적 자본에 대한 인식이 SNS 플랫폼에 의해 영향을 받을 수 있다는 것을 실험을 통한 실증적 연구를 통해 밝혔다는 점에서 본 연구는 SNS와 이용자의 관계를 이해하는 데 새로운 방향성을 제시하고 있다고 할 수 있다. This study builds upon existing research examining the relationship between social networking sites (SNS) use and social capital by investigating what drives the underlying reciprocal interaction. While prior investigations of the SNS-social capital relationship employed self-report methods, this study employs a laboratory-based experiment. As strong exemplars of SNS, Snapchat and Instagram, specifically, were chosen for investigative focus. A total of 161 undergraduate students from a major southeastern university in the U.S. participated in this research in exchange for extra credits. Participants were provided questions about their usage patterns, such as time spent on SNS usage in general and intensity of the assigned SNS use (Snapchat or Instagram). Then, participants were asked to log into their Snapchat or Instagram accounts and spend twenty minutes using it as they normally would, such as posting snaps and liking and browsing pictures of others. Based on the average time spent per day on Instagram and Snapchat by U.S. users, the twenty-minute experimental condition was designed. After twenty minutes, their social capital was measured Results demonstrated that participants who used Snapchat were more highly associated with bonding social capital (strongly tied relationship) than those who used Instagram. However, using Instagram did not lead participants to be more concerned with bridging social capital (weakly tied relationship) than those using Snapchat. In addition, when an individual’s social capital was examined as it existed both prior to and after using SNSs, only bonding social capital in the Snapchat condition was significantly changed. After using Snapchat, individuals’ bonding social capital became stronger than it was pre-SNS engagement. However, when individuals used Instagram, no significant difference in bridging social capital was detected. Through the laboratory experiment, the current research can provide more valid and accurate data for understanding the relations between SNS use and users’ social capital. Since it is challenging for individuals to remember or precisely describe their SNS use, several researchers have expressed the need to adopt more ideal methods to directly measure data, such as a laboratory-based study. By avoiding the validation issues that exist with self-report measures, the current research contributes to the improvement in methodological approaches to SNS research. In addition, the study found that bonding social capital can be influenced by a certain type of SNS platform (e.g., Snapchat), whereas bridging social capital was not. Hence, individuals can obtain their bridging social capital without limitation with regard to SNS type, but to obtain bonding social capital, a SNS platform that allows one to interact and develop strong social ties can be more effective than other SNS platforms. At the same time, given that social capital allows a person to make use of resources from other members in one’s networks, it can be expected that using Snapchat, which can remind users of their bonding social capital, may be more effective for brands to construct strong ties with their consumers. Therefore, the results of this research can be beneficial for brand managers creating SNS marketing plans.

사회적 자본과 부패와의 관계에 대한 OECD 국가간 비교연구

이정주(Lee Chung Joo) 한국부패학회 2008 한국부패학회보 Vol.13 No.2

This study analyzes the relationship between the degree of social capital' accumulation and the level of corruption by classification of social capital' types(bonding social capital, bridging social capital) among OECD countries. As a result of analysis, I find that countries(Norway, Sweden, Finland, New zealand, Australia) which fall under the high level of bridging social capital resident in a generalized trust but the low that of bonding social capital resident in particularized trust, are less corrupt than just the opposite countries(Turkey, Slovakia, Poland, Mexico, Korea). Especially Korea with a strong nepotism culture reveals that the level of bridging social capital is low but that of bonding social capital is high among OECD countries. In addition, the degree of bonding social capital is higher than twice that of bridging social capital in Korea. So to speak, Korea is country with a poor social capital. Therefore, I find that Korea should make an effort to lower bonding social capital but raise bridging social capital in order to be the country of the more integrity.

사회자본과 정부신뢰의 관계 재조명

서형준(Hyungjun Seo),명승환(Senghwan Myeong) 한국정책과학학회 2015 한국정책과학학회보 Vol.19 No.3

정부신뢰는 정부기관과 시민을 연결하는 협력적 가치를 증진시킴으로써 정부 효과성을 증진시킨다. 그러나 신뢰가 낮아졌을 때 정부는 효과적으로 통치할 수 없으며 결국 정부기능의 약화와 정부불신의 악순환이 형성 된다. 우리나라의 경우 정부신뢰로 대변되는 공적부문에 대한 신뢰가 전반적으로 매우 낮은 편이다. 본 연구는 정부신뢰를 증진시키는 것은 국민 개개인이 가지고 있는 사회자본의 수준이 결정한다는 가정에서 시작한다. 또한 사회자본도 그 유형에 따라 정부신뢰에 다르게 영향을 미친다고 보고, 결속적 사회자본과 교량적 사회자본으로 구분하여 정부신뢰에 대한 영향을 비교하였다. 다중회귀분석결과 결속적 사회자본은 정부신뢰에 부적 영향을 주는 반면 교량적 사회자본은 강한 정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 결속적 사회자본과 교량적 사회자본에 따라 집단을 수준에 따라 상중하로 구분하고 집단 간 정부신뢰에 대한 차이를 분석한 결과 결속적 사회자본간에는 정부신뢰에 대한 집단 간 차이가 없었으나 교량적 사회자본간에는 정부신뢰에 대한 집단 간 차이가 유의미하게 나타났다. 교량적 사회자본 수준이 높은 집단이 정부신뢰에 대한 인식이 특히 높게 나타났다. 위계질서와 혈연과 지연으로 형성되었던 전통적 사회자본은 이제 새로운 네트워크 사회자본에 의해 해체되는 과정에 있다. 특히 빅데이터와 사물인터넷의 등장과 다양한 정보통제 기술의 출현은 이념과 체제적 논의의 차원을 벗어나 다양한 관점과 사회공학적 담론이 필요한 시대가 도래하였음을 예고하고 있다. The trust in government increases the level of government effectiveness because it improves mutual understandings and beliefs between government agency and citizen. When the level of trust in government is low, government can not effectively provide government services since the goal of polices and the process of implementations are not fully understood by people and eventually causes vicious circle of distrust in government. Korean government has been suffering by the low level of public trust in government. In this study, we assume that the level of trust in government may increase if the level of social capital increases. We also assume that the impact of social capital on the level of trust in government may differ depending upon a different type of social capital. The study examined the relationship between the level of trust in government and types of social capital including a bonding social capital and a bridging social capital. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that a bonding social capital has negative relationship with the level of trust in government while a bridging social capital has a positive relationship with the level of trust in government. In addition, the study examined the perception of each different groups based upon the degree of social cohesion on the level of trust in government by employing ANOVA. It showed that there is no significant differences in a bonding social group while a bridging social capital groups showed variances in their perception on the level of trust in government, especially a bridging social capital group showed higher level of trust in government.

말기 암환자 가족의 주관적 건강상태와 우울 및 불안: 결속형 사회적 자본과 가교형 사회적 자본의 매개효과

김계숙 ( Kim Gye Sook ) 한국보건사회연구원 2021 保健社會硏究 Vol.41 No.1

이 연구는 말기 암환자 가족의 주관적 건강상태와 우울 및 불안 간의 관계에서 이들가족이 지각하는 결속형 사회적 자본과 가교형 사회적 자본이 주관적 건강상태를 높이고 우울과 불안을 낮추는 매개효과를 다룬 연구가 제한적인 것에 주목하여, 말기 암환자가족의 주관적 건강상태가 우울과 불안에 미치는 효과를 알아보고, 주관적 건강상태와 우울 및 불안 간의 관계가 결속형 사회적 자본과 가교형 사회적 자본에 의해 매개되는지를 조사하였다. 의도적 표집을 통해 서울시, 경기도 부천시, 충남 대전시와 세종시, 경남 부산시 지역에 거주하는 말기 암환자 가족 260명의 설문조사자료를 확보하고 구조방정식모형분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 주관적 건강상태는 우울과 불안에 정적으로 유의미하게 연관되었다. 둘째, 주관적 건강상태는 결속형 사회적 자본에 유의한 부적효과를 보였고, 그러한 결속형 사회적 자본은 우울과 불안을 각각 경감시켰다. 셋째, 주관적 건강상태는 가교형 사회적 자본에 유의한 부적효과를 보였고, 그러한 가교형 사회적 자본은 우울만을 유의미하게 감축시켰다. 넷째, 주관적 건강상태와 우울 및 불안 간의 관계가 결속형 사회적 자본에 의해 각각 매개됨이 확인되었고, 주관적 건강상태와 우울 간의 관계가 가교형 사회적 자본에 의해 매개됨이 확인되었다. 이 결과들은 말기 암환자 가족의 주관적 건강상태가 취약해지고, 이들 가족의 우울과 불안이 심화되는 것을 감소시키기 위해 결속형 사회적 자본과 가교형 사회적 자본의 강화가 절실함을 시사하여, 이를 토대로 하는 사회복지 차원의 함의를 논의하였다. There have been only a limited number of studies on the mediating effects of bonding social capital and bridging social capital on the relationship of self-rated health with anxiety and depression in family caregivers of terminal cancer patients. This study aims to examine the effects of self-rated health on anxiety and depression and to investigate the mediating effects of bonding social capital and bridging social capital on the relationship of self-rated health with anxiety and depression in family caregivers of terminal cancer patients. Through purposive sampling, a total of 260 people were surveyed from Seoul, Bucheon city, Daejeon city, Sejong city and Busan city. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation model. The results are as follows. First, self-rated health showed a positive relationship with anxiety and depression. Second, self-rated health showed a negative relationship with bonding social capital, and the bonding social capital decreased anxiety and depression respectively. Third, self-rated health had a negative relationship with bridging social capital, and the bridging social capital decreased depression only. Fourth, the relationship of self-rated health with anxiety and depression was mediated by bonding social capital. On the other hand, bridging social capital mediated the relationship between self-rated health and anxiety only. These results imply that bonding social capital and bridging social capital are definitely necessary to increase self-rated health and to reduce anxiety and depression in family caregivers of terminal cancer patients. Based on these findings, this study suggested several relevant proposals from social welfare perspective.